3.10 Facultatively Pathogenic Amoebae Species of the Genera Acanthamoeba, Naegleria and Balamuthia Dientamoeba fragilis...
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1 Contents 1 The Phenomenon Parasitism Host Specificity Ontogenetic Development of Parasites Follow-Up of Different Generations Speed of Development Adaptations Pathogenicity Diseases Parasite Diagnosis Further Reading Which Parasites Are Important for Humans? Groups of Parasites Organs of Humans and Their Typical (Common) Parasites Protozoans Attacking Humans History and Relations Trichomonas vaginalis (Trichomoniasis) Flagellata of the Intestine Trichomonas tenax Entamoeba gingivalis Giardia lamblia (syn. G. duodenalis, G. intestinalis) Trypanosoma brucei Group (African Trypanosomiasis) South American Trypanosomes Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas Disease) Trypanosoma rangeli Leishmania species (Agents of the Skin, Mucosa and American Leishmaniasis) Leishmania donovani complex (Visceral Leishmaniasis) Entamoeba histolytica (Entamobiasis, Amoebiasis and Bloody Flu) xi
2 xii Contents 3.10 Facultatively Pathogenic Amoebae Species of the Genera Acanthamoeba, Naegleria and Balamuthia Dientamoeba fragilis Apathogenic Amoebae or with a Low-Grade Pathogenicity Isospora belli Cyclospora cayetanensis (Cyclosporiasis) Cryptosporidium Species (Cryptosporidiosis) Sarcosporidia Sarcocystis Species Inside the Human Intestine (S. suihominis, S. bovihominis) Sarcocystis Species in Human Muscles Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis) Plasmodium Species (Malaria) Babesia Species (Babesiasis, Babesiosis) Balantidium coli (Balantidiasis) Pneumocystis jiroveci (Pneumocystosis) Blastocystis Species (Blastocystosis) Microsporidia Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Enterocytozoonosis) Septata intestinalis Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Encephalitozoonosis) Encephalitozoon intestinalis (Encephalitozoonosis) Nosema connori (syn. conneri) (Nosematosis) Further Reading (Joint List for This Chapter) Worms of Humans What Are Worms? Trematodes (Flukes) Schistosoma haematobium, Bladder Fluke (Bladder bilharziasis) Schistosoma mansoni and Other Species (Intestinal Bilharziasis, i.e. Intestinal Schistosomiasis) Clonorchis and Opisthorchis Species, Chinese River Fluke (Clonorchiasis, Opisthorchiasis) Paragonimus Species (Paragonimiasis) Fasciolopsis buski (Fasciolopsiasis) Fasciola hepatica (Fascioliasis) Dicrocoelium dendriticum (syn. lanceolatum) (Dicrocoeliasis) Heterophyes Species (Heterophyiasis) Metagonimus yokogawai and Related Species (Metagonimiasis) Echinostoma Species (Echinostomiasis)
3 Contents xiii Gastrodiscoides hominis and Related Species (Gastrodiscoidiasis) Watsonius watsoni (Watsoniasis) Nanophyetus Species (Nanophyetiasis) Metorchis conjunctus (Meteorchiasis) Philophthalmus Species Tapeworms (Cestodes) Taenia solium, T. asiatica (Pork Tapeworm) (Taeniasis) Taenia saginata (Cattle Tapeworm) (Taeniasis) Diphyllobothrium latum Species (Broad Tapeworm) (Diphyllobothriasis) Hymenolepis nana and Other Species (Hymenolepiasis) Echinococcus Species (Echinococciasis) Dipylidium caninum Rare Tapeworms in the Intestine of Humans Cysticercus Species (Cysticerciasis) Coenurus Species Nematodes (Nematozoa, Roundworms) Enterobius vermicularis (Enterobiasis) Ascaris lumbricoides (Ascariasis) Trichuris trichiura (Trichuriasis) Ancylostoma and Necator Species (Hookworm Disease, Ancylostomiasis, Necatoriasis) Strongyloides stercoralis Capillaria Species (Capillariasis) Trichinella spiralis and Related Species (Trichinellosis) Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Angiostrongyliasis) Angiostrongylus costaricensis (Angiostrongyliasis) Anisakis Species and Related Species (Anisakiasis) Gnathostoma Species (Gnathostomiasis) Toxocara Species (Toxocariasis) Dictyophyme renale (Dictyophymiasis) Ternidens deminutus (syn. Triodontophorus deminutus, Globocephalus macaci) (Ternidens Disease) Trichostrongylus Species (Trichostrongyliasis) Wuchereria bancrofti (Lymphatic Filariasis) Brugia malayi (Lymphatic Filariasis) Loa loa (Loiasis) Onchocerca volvulus (Onchocerciasis) Mansonella Species (Mansonelliasis) Dirofilaria Species (Dirofilariasis)
4 xiv Contents Dracunculus medinensis (Dracontiasis) Wandering Nematodes in Humans Microfilariae: Larvae of Filarial Nematodes Skin Mole (Creeping Eruption, Larva Migrans Cutanea) Thelazia Species (Thelaziasis) Worms Belonging to Further Animal Phyla Pentastomida (Pentastomiasis) Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Acanthocephaliasis) Leeches (Annelida) Available Compounds, Methods and Means to Control Protozoan and Helminthic Parasites Further Reading (Joint List for This Chapter) Arthropods Scorpions Spiders (Arachnida) Ticks Hard Ticks (Ixodidae) Argasidae (So-Called Soft or Leather Ticks) Skin Reactions After Tick Bites Tick Paralysis Treatment of Tick Bites Transmission of Agents of Disease Protection from Tick Bites Further Reading (Tick) Mites Chicken Mites (Dermanyssidae) Rat Mites (Liponyssidae) and Related Species Trombiculidae (Chigger Mites) Fur Mites (Cheyletiellidae) Scabies Mites (Sarcoptidae) Follicle Mites (Demodicidae) House Dust Mites (Tyroglyphidae) Insects (Insecta, Hexapoda) Fleas (Siphonaptera) Lice (Phthiraptera) Bugs Mosquitoes (Nematocera) Flies (Brachycera) Horse Flies (Tabanidae) Protection from Insect Infestation Protection from Mosquitoes Protection from Flies
5 Contents xv 5.7 Vampire Fish Vampire Bats Further Reading (Joint List for This Chapter) Questions to Test Obtained Knowledge Solutions Origin of Figures Photographs Diagrammatic Representations Author Index Subject Index
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