JPEMS 2014 Basic Immunology module Activation and functions of T lymphocytes
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1 JPEMS 2014 Basic Immunology module Activation and functions of T lymphocytes Teacher: Pr. Régis Josien, Laboratoire d Immunologie, CHU Nantes Regis.Josien@univ-nantes.fr 1
2 An#gen recogni#on by T cells T cells, via their TCR, recognize an4genic pep4des presented by MHC molecules Endogenous pep4des (ex: virus): MHC class I / CD8+T cells Exogenous pep4des (extacellular pathogens): MHC class II / CD4+ T cells Ag presenta4on to naive T cell require specialized an4gen presen4ng cells = dendri4c cells Effector T cells target host cells (ex: macrophages) and not directly pathogens
3 Cell mediated immunity T cells are cri4cal in cell- mediated immunity T cells are required to fight intracellular pathogens and Some T cells also play a important role in figh4ng extracellular pathogens: By helping B cells to produce Ab (role of T FH cells) By inducing inflammatory responses at epithelial sites (role of Th17 cells)
4 Types of intracellular microbes combated by T cell- mediated immunity
5 Steps in ac#va#on of T lymphocytes
6 Circula#on of naive T cells
7 Naive T cells recognize Ag presented by DC in secondary lymphoid organs
8 Mechanisms of naive T cell migra#on to lymph node CCR7 HEV CCL21/SLC
9 Lymphocyte trafick
10 T cell integrins
11 The role of dendri#c cells
12 Matura#on and migra#on of DC
13 Ligand- receptor pairs involved in T cell ac#va#on
14 An#gen recogni#on and signal transduc#on during T cell ac#va#on
15 Regula#on of integrin ac#vity by TCR signaling
16 The role of cos#mula#on in T cell ac#va#on
17 Three signals are necessary to activate naive T cells (CD80) (CD86) 17
18 Role of CTLA4 (CD152) in the inhibi#on of T cell ac#va#on PD- 1 is another inhibitory receptor on T cells Monoclonal an#bodies to CTLA4 and PD- 1 are now used in cancer pa#ents to enhance an#- tumor immune responses with great efficacy
19 Ac#va#on of CD8+T cells
20 Proteins produced by an#gen- s#mulated T cells
21 Signal transduc#on pathways in T lymphocytes Immunosuppressive drugs: - Ciclosporine A/ tacrolimus: calcineurin inhibitors - Rapamycine: mtor inhibitors
22 Steps in ac#va#on of T lymphocytes
23 The role of IL- 2 and IL- 2R in T cell prolifera#on Monoclonal an4bodies to IL- 2Rγ chain (CD25) are rou4nely used in transplanted pa4ent to inhibit gra[ rejec4on
24 Expansion and decline of T cell responses Clonal expansion : - T CD4: 100 à 1000 x - T CD8: >10000 x
25 Proper#es of the major cytokines produced by Th cells
26 Molecules involved in effector func#ons of Th cells 2 types of signals delivered by effector Th cells: - Membrane molecules: CD40L - Cytokines + chemokines Main target cells are - Macrophages - B lymphocytes There are several subsets of Th cells that are dis#nguished by cytokines they produce
27 General proper#es of effector T cells Ac#va#on of effector cells does not require cos#mula#on
28 The development and characteris#cs of subsets of Th cells
29 The func#ons of Th1 cells
30 The func#ons of Th2 cells Monoclonal an4bodies against IL- 5 have shown efficacy in treatement eosinophilic asthma
31 The func#ons of Th17 cells Monoclonal an4bodies to IL- 17 are used to treat immune- mediated inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthri4s, psoriasis)
32 The development of Th effector cells
33 Effector Th cells and immunopathology Autoimmunity Inflammatory disease Autoimmunity Allergy 33
34 CD8+ T cells differen4ate in cytotoxic T lymphocte (CTL) Proper#es of effector T cells
35 Mechanisms of killing of infected cells by CD8+ CTL
36 The immune synapse
37 Immunological synapse
38 h_p://
39 h_p:// 39
40 DC: T cell interactions Short-lived interactions (no Ag recognition) Long-lived interactions (Ag recognition) h_p:// 40
41 41
42 Migra#on of effector T cells
43 Phenotype of naive and ac#vated T cells CCR7 - +
44 Steps in ac#va#on of T lymphocytes
45 Memory T cells Likely derived from effector T cells Their survival is dependent on cytokines (IL- 7, IL- 15) Rapidly (24h) ac4vated in response to Ag 3 classes of memory T cells Central memory T cells (T CM ): circulate in lymphoid organs and blood, rapid clonal expansion and differen4a4on Effector memory T cells (T EM ): circulate in blood, spleen and some 4ssues (not epith); rapid effector func4ons Resident memory cells (T RM ): do not recirculate; found in epithelia (skin, gut, vagina), lung: rapid effector func4ons in at sites of exposure (epith).
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Course Title: Course Number: Immunology Biol-341/541 Semester: Fall 2013 Location: HS 268 Time: Instructor: 8:00-9:30 AM Tue/Thur Dr. Colleen M. McDermott Office: Nursing Ed 101 (424-1217) E-mail*: mcdermot@uwosh.edu
Micr-6005, Current Concepts of Immunology (Rutgers course number: 16:681:543) Spring 2009 Semester
Micr-6005, Current Concepts of Immunology (Rutgers course number: 16:681:543) (3 Credits) Spring 2009 Semester Course Director: (732-235-4501, ) Please note that this course is offered once every 2 years.
MICR2209. Innate Immunity. Dr Allison Imrie
MICR2209 Innate Immunity Dr Allison Imrie allison.imrie@uwa.edu.au Synopsis: In this lecture we will review the different mechanisms which consbtute the innate immune response, and examine the major cells