BLOODBORNEPATHOGENS. CAP Safety Meetings. Revision: CAP Safety Meetings [Bloodborne Pathogens]

Transcription

1 BLOODBORNEPATHOGENS CAP Safety Meetings Revision: Copyright - PEC/Premier Safety Management, Inc. All Rights Reserved Revision: [ ] 1

2 THEBLOODBORNEPATHOGENSSTANDARD The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard was issued in 1991 by OSHA. The standard applies to all employees that can reasonably come into contact with human blood or body fluids in the course of their job activities. The purpose of the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard is to minimize or eliminate occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens Copyright - PEC/Premier Safety Management, Inc. All Rights Reserved Revision: [ ] 2

3 WHAT ARE BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS? Bloodborne pathogens are disease-carrying microorganisms that may be found in human blood or body fluids. Primary bloodborne pathogens include: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 3

4 HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) Hepatitis B leads to infection of the liver. This infection may lead to cirrhosis of the liver, cancer, liver failure, and ultimately death. HBV may remain infectious on surfaces for a duration of 7 days. There is no cure for HBV, but there is an available vaccination to prevent infection. 4

5 HBV SYMPTOMS Symptoms of HBV include: Loss of appetite Fatigue Fever Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain Joint Pain Jaundice Not all individuals will show symptoms, but still may be infectious to others. 5

6 HBV IMMUNIZATION The employer must offer the HBV vaccination free of charge to employees who may reasonably be expected to be exposed to blood and body fluids. The vaccination is very effective in preventing the infection of HBV if the full three shot series is given. The employee may decline the vaccination, but may request it later. If the vaccination is requested later by an employee the employer must honor their request at no cost. 6

7 HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) Hepatitis C also causes infection of the liver and is very similar to HBV. Employees infected with HCV may face the same effects as HBV. Currently there is no cure or immunization for HCV. 7

8 HCV SYMPTOMS Symptoms of HCV include: Flu-like symptoms Nausea Abdomen pain Jaundice HCV-infected individuals rarely will display symptoms, but they still will be infectious to other individuals. 8

9 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) HIV attacks a person s immune system, which makes it difficult to fight infections which can progress quickly without resistance. HIV will usually lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus (AIDS). Life expectancy for HIV/AIDS individuals is longer that in the past, but premature death is generally the end result. There is no known cure or vaccination for HIV 9

10 HIV SYMPTOMS HIV symptoms include: Enlarged lymph nodes Lack of energy Weight loss Frequent fevers Persistent or frequent yeast infections and skin rashes Short term memory loss It may take many years for symptoms to develop in infected individuals. 10

11 TRANSMITTING BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS Routes of exposure to bloodborne pathogens: Direct contact with blood or body fluids Cuts from contaminated sharps Needle stick injuries Splash of blood or body fluids in the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth Pathogens are not passed through: Casual social contact Shaking hands, hugging, or sharing a telephone 11

12 EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN An site-specific exposure control plan must be developed by the company to eliminate the potential for exposure to bloodborne pathogens. The exposure control plan contains information regarding: Personnel covered by the standard How to minimize the risk of exposure How to report and respond to exposures Hepatitis B vaccinations Communication of hazards 12

13 CONTROLLING HAZARDS Employees should follow the Standard Precaution that all blood and body fluids should be considered infectious. To prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens control methods should be used. The methods should include: Engineering controls Work practice controls Personal Protective Equipment 13

14 ENGINEERING CONTROLS Engineering controls should be used to eliminate, remove, or isolate the hazard. Engineering controls for bloodborne pathogens may include: Sharps containers for contaminated needles Needle recapping devices 14

15 WORK PRACTICE CONTROLS Focus may be put on how work is performed in order to minimize the potential for exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Work practice controls that may be used include: Proper handling and disposal of contaminated items Eliminating eating, drinking, smoking, and putting in contact lenses in areas where exposure may occur Enforce employees to wash hands after handling contaminated items or when leaving contaminated areas 15

16 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT PPE must provide an effective barrier between the person and the infectious material. PPE must be worn properly and kept in good condition to offer adequate protection. The employer must offer PPE to employees at no cost. PPE for exposure to bloodborne pathogens includes: Disposable gloves Face shields Resuscitation masks and shields 16

17 WHEN EXPOSURE OCCURS Self care is the highest priority. Immediately wash the exposed area with soap and water, especially if cuts or scrapes are present. Any exposed mucous membranes must be flushed with water. Report the incident to the employer so that healthcare professionals may perform a post exposure evaluation. 17

18 HOUSEKEEPING Housekeeping is vital to maintain safety in areas where potentially infectious materials are present. Housekeeping considerations which must be taken: Contaminated items must be properly stored in leakproof and properly labeled containers that are secured to prevent spills. Do not take contaminated clothing home for laundering. Use mechanical means to pick up contaminated sharps. Equipment which contains contaminated materials must be cleaned and disinfected on a regular basis. Contaminated surfaces must be cleaned and disinfected. 18

19 COMMUNICATING HAZARDS All bags and containers that contain potentially infectious materials must be properly labeled. The signs and labels used for communicating infectious materials must be orange or red-orange with a black biohazard symbol. This warning can be designed on the container or can be on an adequately secured label. Training on the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard must be given annually. 19

20 STUDENT NAME: Bloodborne Pathogens Student Quiz QUIZ DATE: STUDENT INSTRUCTIONS: Circle the letter representing the correct answer to each quiz question below. Sign and date this quiz sheet. 1. The Bloodborne Pathogen standard applies to those who haven t come into contact with human blood or body fluids during the duration of a job? A) True B)False 2. Occupational exposure to Bloodborne pathogens can be reduced by using: A) Engineering Controls B) Work Practice Controls C) Personal Protective Equipment D) All of the above 3. Hepatitis B may remain infectious on surfaces for up to: A) 2 hours B) 24 hours C) 1 day D) 7 days 4. Which of the following is a route of transmitting Bloodborne pathogens? A) Direct contact with blood or body fluids B) Shaking hands C) Casual social contact D) Sharing a telephone 5. Contaminated clothing should be taken home for laundering. A) True B) False 6. Which of the following is true about the Hepatitis B vaccination? A) The employee must pay for the vaccination. B) It is very effective in preventing infection of HBV. C) If your employer offers the vaccination you must accept the offer. D) Only two shots out of the three shot series is required for immunity. 7. When an exposure occurs the highest priority is self-care. A) True B) False 8. Employees must be trained on the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard at least every three years. A) True B) False 9. The housekeeping procedure which should be used to prevent the spread of Bloodborne pathogens is: A) Store contaminated items in leak proof containers B) Clean and disinfect surfaces/equipment on a regular basis C) Clean up sharps with mechanical devices D) All of the above 10. Personal protective equipment must be designed to create a barrier between your body and the infectious material. A) True B) False 2011-Copyright-PEC/Premier Safety Management, Inc- All rights reserved Page 1 of 2

21 STUDENT NAME: Bloodborne Pathogens Student Quiz QUIZ DATE: STUDENT INSTRUCTIONS: Circle the letter representing the correct answer to each quiz question below. Sign and date this quiz sheet. Student Quiz Answer Key Below is the answer key for the above quiz. Do not print this page when printing the quiz for the students. 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. A 2011-Copyright-PEC/Premier Safety Management, Inc- All rights reserved Page 2 of 2

22 Date: Sign-In Sheet for Safe Operations Meeting Conducted By: Means to Verify Understanding: Quiz Q & A - Group Discussion Hands On Demo Safety Topic(s) Covered: Bloodborne Pathogens 1. Name ( p r I n t ) Signature Employee # or Last 4 digits of SS #