IMMUNOLOGY CATALOG OF ANTIBODIES FOR. FAX: WEB: 2. For research purposes only. Not for use in humans.

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1 CATALOG OF ANTIBODIES FOR IMMUNOLOGY For research purposes only. Not for use in humans. FAX: WEB: 2 Prices subject to change.

2 Table of Contents Innate Immunity Cytokines Chemokines Toll-Like Receptors Adaptive Immunity B Cells T Cells MHCs Immunoglobulins CD Cell Markers Autoimmune Disorders In The News Application Key ELISA - Elisa FACS - Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorting Func - Functional Assay ICC - Immunocytochemistry IF - Immunofluorescence IHC - Immunohistochemistry IHC-Fr - Immunohistochemistry Frozen IHC-P - Immunohistochemistry Paraffin IP - Immunoprecipitation IVA - In Vitro Assay RIA - Radioimmunoassay RI - Radioimmunodiffusion WB - Western Blot Reactivity Key Bb - Baboon Mk - Monkey Bv - Bovine Mu - Mouse Ca - Canine Po - Porcine Eq - Equine Rb - Rabbit Fe - Feline Rt - Rat Gp - Guinea Pig Sh - Sheep Hu - Human Immunology Research The immune system can be broken down into two distinct divisions, the innate or non-specific immune system and the specific or adaptive immune system. The innate immune system functions to control infections in a non-specific manner. The surface of the skin and mucous membranes act as physical barriers to prevent entry of pathogens, secretions such as saliva and lacrimal fluid contain lysozyme, while sebum on the skin surface contains anti-microbial proteins. In addition to these physical barriers, the body uses non-specific cellular defenses to clear infections once pathogens have entered the body. Phagocytes are able to detect surface markers expressed by bacteria in order to engulf and destroy them, while Natural Killer (NK) cells recognize virus infected cells and destroy them by inducing cell lysis. Antimicrobial proteins prevent the spread of infection as well. Viral infected cells produce Interferon which stimulates surrounding cells to produce anti-viral proteins. The complement cascade can either work with the adaptive immune system by triggering destruction of antibody tagged antigens or it can function as part of the innate immune system by binding to and destroying some bacteria directly, while at the same time enhancing the inflammatory response. Following induction of the innate immune system, the body s adaptive immune system is activated by the either free antigens or by the presentation of phagocytozed antigens by antigen presenting cells (APCs). The APCs activate both the cellular and the humoral branches of the adaptive immune system by activating T and B cells, respectively. Activated T cells can differentiate along one of two pathways. They can give rise to cytotoxic T cells, which act in conjunction with NK cells and macrophages to physically attack the antigen, or they can develop into T helper cells, which act to regulate the immune response of both antibody producing B cells and cytotoxic T cells. Activated B cells differentiate in response to co-stimulation from T helper cells to become either memory B cells or plasma cells. The memory B cells are responsible for immunologic memory and allow for a rapid response upon reexposure to an antigen. The plasma cells are responsible for secretion of soluble antibodies to the specific antigen. Activated to clone and give rise to Activated cytotoxic T cells Antigen-presenting cell (APC) presents self-ag complex Activates Naïve cytotoxic T cells Memory cytotoxic T cells The nonspecific killers and cytotoxic T cells mount a physical attack on the Ag Induce co-stimulation Antigen-infetcted body cell engulfed by dendritic cell Becomes Activates Naïve helper T cells Activated to clone and give rise to Memory helper T cells Cytokines stimulate Nonspecific killers (macrophages and NK cells) Co-stimulate and release cytokines Activated helper T cells Antigen-activated B cells Y Y Y Present Antigen to Y Y Free Antigens may directly activate B cell Memory B Cells Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Clone and give rise to Effector plasma cells Y Y Antibodies (Igs) Secrete Circulating Igs along with complement mount a chemical attack on the Antigen Cover Image: Virus Cells 1

3 Innate Immunity Innate immunity is the defense mechanism that attacks an infection at onset. It does not adapt to specific pathogens to provide long-lasting protection as the adaptive immune system does. Most infectious agents that penetrate the body s outer epithelial surfaces are quickly eliminated by the innate immune response preventing the appearance of disease symptoms. The word innate implies genetically determined mechanisms. Innate immunity functions in a two part mechanism. First, the pathogen is recognized by soluble proteins and cellsurface receptors. Serum proteins of the complement system are activated to covalently bind the pathogen. Next, effectors cells (phagocytic white blood cells) are recruited to engulf the pathogen via endocytosis and to destroy it in the phagosome. Cytokines Cytokines are signaling proteins produced by various cells for use in cellular communication in order to regulate immunity, inflammation and hematopoiesis. They act by binding membrane receptors, which then activate second messengers in order to alter gene expression. Cytokines interact via autocrine or paracrine action, although some work by endocrine action as well. Tumor Necrosis Factors Tumor Necrosis Factors (TNFs) are a family of cytokines that trigger apoptosis. TNF alpha is mainly secreted by macrophages and causes apoptosis of certain tumor cells lines. It also can stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation under certain conditions. TNF alpha and TNF beta are closely related as they share the same receptors and have similar cellular actions. Catalog# Product Host Type Application Species TNF alpha Antibody NB NB TNF alpha Chicken Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu, Mu, Rt analysis NBP TNF alpha Mouse Monoclonal ELISA Hu on E coli-derived NB TNF alpha (2C8) Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, IHC, IP, RI, WB Hu, Mk fusion NB TNF alpha (MP9-20A4) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, IHC-Fr Hu NB NB TNF alpha Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, IHC-Fr, IHC-P Hu NB TNF alpha (EP1085Y) Rabbit Monoclonal WB Hu NB TNF beta ( ) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA Hu, Mu, Rt NB TNF beta ( ) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IHC Hu NB TNF beta ( ), Biotin Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC Hu NB TNF beta Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu How To Series CDs Do you need to freshen up your IHC, RNAi, Western Blot or ELISA skills? A little fuzzy on the theory? Have students to teach? Check out our How To Series: Go to and click on Downloads to download our four presentations. 2

4 Interleukins Interleukins are a diverse group of cytokines. IL-1 and IL-6 are released by macrophages and work with TNF alpha to induce inflammation at the onset of infection. IL-2 is produced by activated T cells and primarily functions in the adaptive immune response. IL-3 is a hematopoietic factor that promotes growth and differentiation of blood cells. CD4 TH2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 which function in antibody production. IL-12 is released by various immune cells and activates NK cells. Catalog# Product Host Type Application Species IL-2 Antibody NB IL-1 alpha Chicken Polyclonal IHC, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB NB IL-1 alpha (364-3B3-14) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC Hu NB IL-1R1 (EP409Y) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, IP, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB IL-1 beta (JK1B-1) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC Hu NB IL-1 beta (EP407Y) Rabbit Monoclonal WB Hu NB IL-1 beta Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, FACS, IHC-Fr, IHC-P, IP, WB Hu NB IL-2 Mouse Monoclonal IHC Hu NB IL-2 (MQ1-17H12) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC, IP Hu, Mk, Bb NB IL-2 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Po NB IL-3R beta Rabbit Polyclonal IHC, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB IL-3 (BVD3-1F9) Rat Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IHC, IP, WB Hu NB IL-3 (2F2) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA Hu H A01 IL-4 Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB IL-4 (BVD4-1D11) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, IHC, WB Mu NB IL-5 (TRFK5) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC, WB Hu, Mu, Gp NB IL-6 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB IL-6R Goat Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NBP IL-6 Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, IHC-P, WB Hu H B01 IL-6 Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, IF, IHC-P, WB Hu H B01 IL-7 Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB IL-7R alpha Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, IHC, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB IL-8 (EP117Y) Rabbit Monoclonal WB Hu NB IL-8 (JK8-1) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IP Hu H B02 IL-9 Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB IL-10 (EP1115Y) Rabbit Monoclonal WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB IL-10 (JES3-9D7) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC, WB Hu, Bb H B01 IL10-R beta Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu H M01 IL-11R alpha (2D4-F4) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, WB Hu H M01 IL-11 (3A2) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, IHC-P Hu NB IL-12 beta/il-12 p40 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB IL-12 (C15.6) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC, IP, WB Mu NB IL-13 (JES10-5A2) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC-Fr, WB Hu NB IL-15 (EP433Y) Rabbit Monoclonal WB Hu NB IL-15 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Mu NBP IL-16 (J2F10) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, WB Hu H B01 IL-16 Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB IL-17 alpha (TC11-18H10.1) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, WB Mu NB IL-18 Binding Protein Rabbit Polyclonal WB Hu IL-10 (EP1115Y) Antibody NB recombinant NB , Mu, Rt IL-12 beta/il-12 p40 Antibody NB human liver lysate using NB Staining of lymphocytes in PBMNC cultures after PMA and ionomycin stimulation using NB IL-6 Antibody NBP Applications: ELISA, IHC-P, WB tonsil using NBP IL-6 Antibody H B01 Applications: ELISA, IF, IHC-P, WB Immunofluorescence of purified H B01 on HeLa cell. IL-3R beta Antibody NB , Mu, Rt, WB analysis on human spleen using NB IL-1 beta (EP407Y) Antibody NB analysis on recombinant NB IL-9 Antibody H B02 Western Blot analysis in transfected 293T cell line using H B02. Read more about IL-1 s implication in Rhuematoid Arthritis on page 17. 3

5 IL-8 Interleukin 8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, is a chemotactic factor that recruits neutrophils from the blood to sites of infection in order to initiate the inflammatory response. IL-8 also recruits basophils and T cells, but not monocytes. Lung inflammation that is characteristic of cystic fibrosis is thought to be triggered by overproduction of IL-8. IL-8R alpha Antibody NLS806 human lymph node tissue using NLS806. Applications: ICC, IHC, IHC-P IL-8R beta Antibody NLS804 synovium (rhematoid arthritis) using NLS804. -P IL-8 (EP117Y) Antibody NB recombinant IL-8 NB Interferons Interferons are glycoproteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of double-stranded RNA, a sign of a viral infection. There are three primary types of interferons: interferon beta (IFN-B), interferon alpha (IFN-A) and interferon gamma (IFNgamma). IFN-A and IFN-B are type I interferons that are structurally and functionally related. IFN-A and IFN-B inhibit virus replication in infected cells. They appear to compete with one another for binding to common cell surface receptors, whereas IFN-gamma binds to a distinct receptor called IFN-alphaR. IFN-B can also regulate the production of IFN-gamma. IFNgamma stimulates the expression of MHCs on antigenpresenting cells. IFN-gamma (EP1109Y) Antibody NB IFNgamma recombinant NB IFN-alpha/beta R Antibody NB human brain tissue using NB , Mu Applications: ELISA, IHC IFN-beta Antibody NBP lung using NBP , Mu -P, WB Chemokines Chemokines are small proteins involved in the inflammatory response. They are a type of cytokine that attract leukocytes to infection sites by acting as chemoattractants. Chemokines interact with the targeted leukocyte via GPCRs. This interaction causes two effects: first, the leukocyte s adhesive properties change allowing movement from blood to tissue and secondly, the leukocyte s movement to the center of infection is driven via a chemokine gradient. Chemokines are divided into two major subfamilies, which are defined based on their pairs of cysteine residues. CC chemokines contain adjacent cysteine resides, where as CXC chemokines cysteines are separated by a different amino acid. MIP-1 alpha Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), also known as CCL3, is involved in the acute inflammatory state. Chemokine receptors, CCR1, CCR2, CCR3 and CCR5 recognize the two isoforms of MIP-1 alpha in order to inhibit HIV infection. MIP-1 alpha is also capable of inhibiting the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro and in vivo. MIP-1 alpha (EP493Y) Antibody NB recombinant NB

6 MIP-1 beta Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1 beta), also known as CCL4, promotes accumulation of lymphocyte, macrophages, monocytes and NK cells during inflammation via its chemotactic properties. MIP-1 plays a role in HIV-1 by blocking or down-regulating the receptor CCR5. MIP-1 beta (EP521Y) Antibody NB recombinant NB RANTES RANTES, also known as CCL5, is a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. RANTES triggers the release of histamine from basophils and also activates eosinophils. Via binding to the chemokine receptors, CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5, it acts to suppress HIV. Catalog# Product Host Type Application Species RANTES Antibody NB NB RANTES Rabbit Polyclonal ICC, WB Hu NB RANTES Chicken Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB RANTES Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB RANTES (VL1), FITC Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, Func, WB Hu NB RANTES (VL1) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, IHC-Fr, IP, WB Hu NB RANTES ( ) Rat Monoclonal ELISA, WB Hu, Mu H B01 RANTES Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu Applications: ICC, WB recombinant NB Additional Chemokine Antibodies are available on our website, Chemokine Receptors Chemokine receptors are GPCRs that mediate the migration and activation of leukocytes. Four families of chemokine receptors have been identified that correspond with the chemokines to which they bind: CXC, CC, CX3C and XC. Recently, chemokine CCR2 C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) has been found to be a monocyte chemoattractant protein-specific receptor. CCR2 transduces these signals by increasing intracellular levels of calcium ions. It also functions as receptors have been shown to be implicated in several diseases including malaria, allergy, psoriasis and atherosclerosis. CCR4 and CCR5 have been shown to be implicated in HIV, as they are used to preferentially enter macrophages or T cells. an alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection. CCR2 is present in two isoforms and is expressed widely throughout the body. CCR2 (E68) Antibody NB human spleen using NB CCR2 Antibody NB mouse spleen NB CCR2 Antibody NLS1898 spleen lymphocytes using NLS1898., Mu Applications: FACS, ICC, IHC, IP Species: Mu Applications: ICC, IHC-P, WB -P CCR2 Antibody NB E coli-derived fusion NB CCR2 Antibody NB human spleen using NB CCR2 Antibody NLS1899 spleen lymphocytes using NLS1899. Applications: ICC, WB Applications: ELISA, ICC, IHC-P, WB -P 5

7 CCR5 C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), also known as CD195, is a receptor for various inflammatory chemokines, including MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta and RANTES. CCR5 may play a role in the control of granulocytic lineage proliferation or differentiation. It also is a major coreceptor for human HIV infection. CCR5 Antibody NB human peripheral blood leukocytes using NB Applications: ELISA, ICC, IHC-P, WB CCR5 (NT) Antibody NB human lymph node tissue using NB , WB CCR5 Antibody NB P, WB human lymph node tissue using NB [CCR5 NB ] Khurana, S., et al. Identification of a linear peptide recognized by monoclonal antibody 2D7 capable of generating CCR5-specific antibodies with human immunodeficiency virus-neutralizing activity. J. Virology. 79(11): , Catalog# Product Host Type Application Species CXCR3 Antibody NB CCR1 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, ICC, IHC-P, WB Hu, Mu NLS1374 NB CCR2 (E68) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IHC, IP Hu, Mu NB CXCR2 ( ) Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB CCR3 (Y31) Rabbit Monoclonal ICC, IHC, WB Hu, Mu NLS1374 CXCR3 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC, IHC-P Hu NBP CXCR3 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NBP CCR4 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC Hu NB CXCR4 Rabbit Polyclonal ICC, IF, WB Hu, Mu NLS1376 CXCR4 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC, IHC-P, WB Hu NB CCR5 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, FACS, Func, IVA Hu, Mk NB CCR5 (R-C10) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IP, WB Hu NB CCR5 (R-C10), Biotin Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC Hu NB CXCR5 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Hu NLS1384 CXCR5 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC-P Hu NBP CCR6 (4C6) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, WB Hu NLS1102 CXCR6 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC, IHC-P Hu NB CCR7 (E271) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IHC, WB Hu NB CCR7 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC, WB Hu, Mu, Mk, Bv NB CCR7 (Y59) Rabbit Monoclonal ICC, IHC, IP, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NBP CCR8 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC Hu NB CCR8 (E76) Rabbit Monoclonal ICC, WB Hu, Mu NB CCR8 (E77) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IP, WB Hu, Rt NB CCR9 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC-P, WB Mu NB CCR9 (E99) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, ICC, WB Hu, Mu NB CCR10 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, ICC, IHC, WB Hu NB CCR10 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Hu NB CCR10 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC, IHC-P Hu NB CCR11 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, ICC, IHC, WB Hu, Mu NB CX3CR1 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC-P, WB Hu, Mu, Rt, IHC-P analysis of human tonsil using NLS1374. CXCR6 Antibody NLS1102, IHC-P tonsil (interfollicular zone) using NLS1102. CCR4 Antibody NBP analysis of human spleen using NBP CCR7 (E271) Antibody NB Applications: FACS, ICC, IHC, WB Immunofluorescent A431 cells using NB CCR8 Antibody NBP tonsil using NBP CCR9 Antibody NB mouse spleen using NB CX3CR1 Antibody NB heart tissue using NB Species: Mu Applications: ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC-P, WB, Mu, Rt -P, WB 6

8 Toll-Like Receptors Receptors on the surface of macrophages, including Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), sense pathogen components and tell the macrophage to produce and secrete cytokines. These cytokines then recruit other cells to defend the infected tissue. Many TLR families exist, each with varying specificity for microbial products, however TLR4 is the most thoroughly researched of the receptor family. The only TLR known to directly bind products is TLR5, which binds bacterial flagellin. All TLRs trigger an intercellular signaling pathway that leads to the translocation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Once present in the nucleus, NFκB directs the transcription of genes for inflammatory cytokines. Catalog# Product Host Type Application Species NB TLR1 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, IHC, WB Hu, Mu NB TLR1 Rabbit Polyclonal FACS, WB Hu, Rt NB TLR2 Chicken Polyclonal WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB TLR2 (TL2.1) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IHC, IP, WB Hu NB TLR2 (TL2.1), Biotin Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB TLR2 (TL2.1), FITC Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB TLR2 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, ICC, IHC-P Hu NB TLR2 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Hu, Mu, Rt, Mk NB TLR2 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Hu NB TLR2 (TL2.1), Biotin Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IP Hu NBP TLR2 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, IHC-P, WB Hu, Mu NB TLR2 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Mu NBP TLR2 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC-P, WB Hu, Mu NBP TLR3 Chicken Polyclonal WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB TLR3 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Mu, Rt, Eq, Bv NB TLR3 (TLR-104) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, ICC, WB Hu NB TLR4/MD2 (MTS510) Rat Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IP Mu NB TLR4 Rabbit Polyclonal ICC, IHC, WB Hu, Mu H B01P TLR4 Mouse Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB TLR4 (HTA125), PE Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu, Mk NBP TLR5 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC-P, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB TLR5 (85B152.5), FITC Mouse Monoclonal FACS, WB Hu, Mu NBP TLR6 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC-P, WB Hu H M14 TLR6 (1E5) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, WB Hu NBP TLR7 (4F4) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, WB Hu NBP TLR7 Chicken Polyclonal WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB TLR7 Rabbit Polyclonal ICC, IHC, WB Hu, Mu H M07 TLR7 (4G6) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB TLR8 (44C143) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, WB Hu NB TLR9 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, IHC, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NBP TLR9 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC-P, WB Hu, Mu, Rt H M03 TLR9 (1E8) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, IF, WB Hu NBP TLR10 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC-P, WB Hu NB TLR11 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA, IHC, WB Hu NB TLR12 Rabbit Polyclonal FACS, WB Mu NB TLR13 Rabbit Polyclonal ELISA Mu, Rt TLR9 (1E8) Antibody H M03 Immunofluorescence of HeLa cells using H M03. TLR7 Antibody NB TLR2 Antibody NB Applications: ELISA, ICC, IHC-P spleen using NB TRLR2 Antibody NBP , Mu -P, WB pancreas using NBP TLR6 Antibody NBP P, WB Staining of Formalin- Fixed Paraffin- Embedded (FFPE) using NBP human thymus cerebellum using NB TLR2 Antibody NBP , Mu Applications: ELISA, IHC-P, WB lung alveolar macrophages using NBP TLR5 Antibody NBP , Mu, Rt -P, WB prostate using NBP TLR7 (4G6) Antibody H M07 analysis on Daoy using H M07. Applications: ELISA, IF, WB, Mu Applications: ICC, IHC, WB 7

9 TLR4 Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) forms one part of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor, a multi-protein complex that detects LPS, a major cell-surface component of Gram-negative bacteria and the major endotoxin responsible for septic shock. Extracellular Space Cytoplasm CD14 TLR4 MD2 M YD 8 8 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Receptor TLR4 Antibody NB TLR4 Antibody H B01P IRAK4 TRAF6, Mu Applications: ICC, IHC, WB IκB NFκB Nucleus analysis of normal prostate sections using NB Western Blot transfected 293T cell line (Lane 1) using using H B01P. Lane 2 is a non-transfected lysate. NFκB Inflammatory Cytokines Produced CD14 CD14 binds LPS after it is released from bacterial surfaces and cooperates with MD2 and TLR4 to mediate the immune response. This pathway eventually leads to NFκB activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. CD14 is expressed strongly on the surface of monocytes and weakly on the surface of granulocytes. It is also expressed by most tissue macrophages. MYD88 Myeloid differentiation marker 88 (MYD88) is an adapter molecule for the Toll-Like 1 receptor and is involved in the inflammatory response. MYD88 associates with and recruits IRAK to the IL-1 receptor complex, which leads to further activation of NFκB. CD14 Antibody NB lymph node lysate using NB CD14 Antibody H B02P Western Blot transfected 293T cell line (Lane 1) using H B02P. Lane 2 is a nonransfected lysate. MYD88 Antibody NB tonsil using NB Species: Ca, Hu, Mu, Mk, Rt Applications: ELISA, IHC, IHC-P, WB IRAK4 Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) phosphorylates IRAK1 and overexpression leads to activation of NFκB. Individuals that lack IRAK4 are unable to initiate a proper immune response to viruses and bacteria. IRAK4 Antibody NB Hela lysate using NB IRAK4 Antibody NBP analysis of human spleen using NBP IRAK4 Antibody H M04 human testis using H M04., Mu, Mk Applications: ICC, IHC-P, WB Applications: ELISA, IHC-P, WB

10 Adaptive Immunity The unique function of the adaptive immune response provides the body with the ability to defend itself against specific invaders. Through complex mechanisms of antigen recognition, the body can ward off infection by attacking only specific pathogens while leaving the surrounding tissues alone. The body produces B Cells B cells produce soluble immunoglobulins that recognize specific antigens. Upon binding to their target, these tags allow for the recruitment of phagocytes and the destruction of the pathogen. countless types of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors in response to infection. These remain latent in the system for many years after initial infection, thus allowing the body to effectively defeat diseases in the event of subsequent reexposure. Immunoglobulins are capable of binding an intact pathogen in extracellular space, specifically targeting carbohydrate or amino acid groups on the surface of the invading molecule. CD4 TH2 Helper Cells These cell types perform a critical role in the activation of B cells. Without co-stimulation, there is often not enough signal strength to cause the naïve B cells to differentiate. Helper/effector T cells use cytokines and direct interaction with B cells to promote B cell proliferation. IL-4 Antibody NB tonsil lysate using NB IL-5 Antibody NB Sandwich ELISA of NB paired with NB CD40 Antibody NB Surface staining of human peripheral blood cells using NB Applications: ICC, WB, Mk Applications: ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC, WB Applications: FACS B Cell Coreceptors Another important part of B cell activation is the B cell coreceptor, which aids in binding the antigen and aligning both the receptor and coreceptor. This alignment increases the relative proximity of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases with CD19, which upon phosphorylation begins to mobilize internal signaling factors. CD19 (MB19-1) Antibody NB C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes stained with NB CD19 (LT19) Antibody NB Surface staining of human peripheral blood cells using NB CD81 (1D6) Antibody NB Staining of human peripheral blood lymphocytes using NB Species: Mu Applications: FACS, IP Applications: FACS, IP Applications: FACS, IHC-P, IP CD19 Antibody NB Western Blot analysis on E coli-derived fusion NB CD21 (LT21) Antibody NB Human peripheral blood lymphocytes stained with NB CD81 (6D5) Antibody NB C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes stained with NB Applications: FACS Species: Mu Applications: FACS, IP, WB 9

11 TI Antigens Thymus-independent (TI) antigens are capable of binding B cell receptors and activating naïve B cells without the assistance of CD4 T cells. These antigens are also capable of binding other receptors on the B cell surface, such as TLRs, to activate B cell proliferation. CD14 Antibody NB Surface staining of human peripheral blood cells using NB TLR4 Antibody NB Ramos using NB TLR6 Antibody NB analysis in Jurkat whole cell extract using NB , Mk Applications: ELISA, FACS, IP, WB, Mu Applications: ICC, IHC, WB, Mu, Rt, Mk, Sh Immunoglobulin-Gene Rearrangement The numerous steps involved in the rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes are affected by changes in production of certain protein products that regulate successful development of B cells. The resulting rearrangements in immunoglobulin genes allow for the diverse production of immunoglobulins. RAG2 Antibody H B01 Applications: ELISA, IF, WB Immunofluorescence on HeLa cell using H B01. TdT Antibody NB analysis of human thymus using NB , IHC-P VPREB3 (4H8) Antibody H M08 Western Blot analysis in transfected 293T cell line using H M08. CD45R (RA3-6B2) Antibody NB C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes stained with NB Btk (EP420Y) [Tyr223] Antibody NB analysis on Ramos cell lysates using NB IKZF2 Antibody H B01P Immunofluorescence on HeLa cells using H B01P. Species: Mu, Hu, Fe Applications: FACS, IHC, IP Applications: IP, WB Antibody Grants WANT YOUR ANTIBODY PRODUCED FOR FREE? Visit our website, and fill out the Antibody Grant Sheet for a chance to receive 2 mgs of FREE antibody! Grant Award Date: 1 Award selected on the 15th of every month. Awardees will receive a 0.2 mg test sample of affinity purified rabbit sera. (Typical antibody production takes 4-5 months). If the product works and you supply the necessary documentation, you will receive 2 mgs of affinity purified antibody in exchange for product feedback. Novus reserves the right to sell the antibody produced by the grant. Submit by the end of the month to be selected in the following month s drawing by fax (below) or (novus@novusbio.com). 10

12 T Cells These lymphocytes are an important part of the adaptive immune system. They are functionally different from B cells because they bind short peptides that have been assembled in a MHC molecule. This T Cell Receptors T Cell Receptors (TCRs) are membrane-bound glycoprotein complexes generally found on the surface response to antigen processing makes T cells antigenspecific. Unlike B cells that produce soluble antibodies, T cells have a more diverse role which often includes interaction with other cell types. of T cells. They are similar to a single antigen-binding portion of immunoglobulins formed in B cells. TCR alpha/beta (R73) Antibody NB LOU rat splenocytes stained with NB CD4 (EDU-2)Antibody NB Surface staining of human peripheral blood cells using NB CD8 Antibody NB tonsil stained using NB Species: Rt, Mk Applications: FACS, IHC-Fr, WB Applications: FACS -P Adhesion Molecules The movement of naïve T cells into secondary lymphoid tissue requires interaction of adhesion molecules on the surface of the T cells with adhesion molecules on the surface of endothelial cells. Molecules, such as selectins and vascular addressins, aid in homing of the T cells, while integrins strengthen the bond once the T cell and endothelium have come into contact. CD62L (DREG-56) Antibody NB Human peripheral blood lymphocytes stained using NB CD34 (QBEND-10) Antibody NB tonsil using NB CD11 alpha (MEM-25) Antibody NB Surface staining of human peripheral blood cells using NB , Bv Applications: FACS ICAM-1 (EP1442Y) Antibody NB analysis of human tonsil using NB , Mk -P, IP, WB CD102 (3C4) Antibody NB C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes stained using NB Applications: FACS, IP CD2 (RPA-2.10) Antibody NB Human peripheral blood lymphocytes stained using NB Applications: ICC, IHC, WB Activating Proteins Species: Mu Applications: FACS, IHC-Fr, IP Activation of naïve T cells requires a co-stimulatory signal from an antigen-presenting cell (APC). Expression of the required activation molecules only occurs in the CD28 (JJ319) Antibody NB LOU rat splenocytes stained using NB , Bb, Mk, Sh, Po Applications: FACS event of an infection which activates the innate immune system causing upregulation of the B7 genes. CD80 (EP1155Y) Antibody NB tonsil using NB CD86 (EP1158Y) Antibody NB tonsil using NB Species: Rt Applications: FACS, IP, Mu, Rt Applications: FACS, ICC, IHC, WB, Mu, Rt Applications: FACS, ICC, IHC, IP, WB 11

13 Gene Transcription Upon antigen activation of T cell signals, by both T cell receptors and co-receptors. These function to alter the transcription of genes that in turn increase T cell proliferation. LCK (Y123) Antibody NB lymphoma using NB Applications: FACS, ICC, IHC, IP, WB NFAT4 Antibody NB , Mu Western Blot analysis of HeLa cells using NB IL-2 Antibody NB Staining of lymphocytes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) cultures after PMA and ionomycin stimulation using NB Cytotoxic T Cells Cytotoxic T cells function to induce apoptosis of infected cells. This type of programmed cell death ensures that pathogen production is halted and that infectious molecules are not released back into the bloodstream. Perforin (dg9) Antibody NB Whole blood lymphocytes stained intracellularly using NB , Mu Applications: FACS, ICC, IF, IHC, IP GNLY Antibody H B01 Western Blot transfected 293T cell line (Lane 1) using H B01. Lane 2 is a nontransfected lysate. Fas Ligand Antibody NB prostate stained using NB , Mu, Rt, IHC-P CD4 T Cells When activated, CD4 T cells acquire helper functions. These functions range from production of soluble cytokines to direct interaction of surface molecules that activate other types of cells. CD4 helper cells can differentiate into either TH1 or TH2 cells. TH1 cells play an important role in macrophage activation and facilitate the production of opsonizing antibodies. TH2 cell are mostly necessary for B cell differentiation and for the formation of neutralizing antibodies. TH2 cells also serve to regulate a TH1 response which can damage surrounding tissues. IL-10 (EP1115Y) Antibody NB analysis of recombinant NB , Mu, Rt IL-13 (JES10-5A2) Antibody NB Sandwich ELISA of NB paired with NB Applications: ELISA, FACS, ICC, IHC-Fr, WB LTA Antibody H D01P Western Blot analysis in transfected 293T cell line (Lane 1) using H D01P. Lane 2 is a nontransfected lysate. IL-6 Antibody NB Immunoblot analysis of IL-6-GST fusion NB TNF beta ( ) Antibody NB Sandwich ELISA of NB paired with NB TNF alpha Antibody NB E coli-derived fusion protein using NB Applications: ELISA, Mu, Rt 12

14 MHCs Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are incredibly important to ensure that the appropriate type of T cell is activated in response to invasion by a foreign pathogen. There are two classes of MHC molecules: MHC class I, which present intracellular antigens to CD8 T cells, and MHC class II, which present extracellular antigens to CD4 cells. MHC Class I HLA-A Antibody H B01P human spleen using H B01P. MHC Class II CD51 (NKI-M9)Antibody NB Human melanoma cell line M21 stained using NB HLA-B Antibody H B01P human spleen using H B01P. CD104 (58XB4)Antibody NB Human colon carcinoma cell line (HT29) stained using NB HLA-C Antibody H B01P analysis in transfected 293T cell line (Lane 1) using H B01P. Lane 2 is a nontransfeceted lysate. HLA-DR (L243)Antibody NB Human peripheral blood lymphocytes stained using NB Applications: ELISA, FACS, IHC-Fr, IP Applications: ELISA, FACS, IHC-Fr, IP, Bb, Mk, Ca Applications: FACS, IHC-Fr, IP, WB Immunoglobulins The vast number of antibodies that can be produced is the direct result of gene rearrangement in the formation of immunoglobulins. After V(D)J recombination, alternative splicing allows for the formation of IgM and IgD antibodies. These immunoglobulins are the only isotypes present on naïve B cells. Once the B cell encounters an antigen, the other isotypes (IgA, IgE, IgG) can be produced. Immunoglobulins can be either membrane-bound acting as the B cell receptor for antigens, or soluble, thus permitting secretion to bind antigens and facilitate the destruction of pathogens. IgM Antibody NB tonsil using NB IgA Antibody NB tonsil stained using NB Other Available Immunoglobins: IgG NB7475 IgD NB IgE NB Kappa light chain NB Lambda light chain NB Abnova, Acris, biosensis, Innova Novus distributes for these companies: 13

15 CD Cell Markers Clusters of Differentiation (CD) are a series of surface proteins on leukocytes that serve to differentiate the many types of white blood cells. CD proteins serve as receptors and ligands; important examples include CD4 and CD8 on T lymphocytes which serve to regulate the adaptive immune response. Some CD proteins regulate cell signaling, while others ensure cell adhesion, an important aspect of adaptive immunity. Catalog# Product Host Type Application Species CD105 (MEM-226) Antibody NB CD10 (56C6) Mouse Monoclonal IHC Hu NB NB CD100 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Hu NB CD105 (MEM-226) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IP, WB Hu NB CD108 (MEM-150), FITC Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB CD11(24) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IP, RIA Hu NB CD117 Rabbit Polyclonal IHC Hu NB CD11 alpha (MEM-25), PE Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB CD11 beta (ICRF44) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IHC, IP Hu, Mk, Fe, Bb Applications: FACS, IP, WB NB CD11b/c Rabbit Polyclonal IHC, IHC-P, WB Hu, Mu BM4053 CD120 alpha (htr9) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IHC Hu Surface staining of HUVEC (human NB CD130 (B-R3), FITC Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu umbilical vein NB CD134L (MRC OX89) Rat Monoclonal FACS Hu endothelial cells) NB CD14 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu using NB NB CD15 (MMA) Mouse Monoclonal IHC-P Hu NB CD16 (MEM-154) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IP, WB Hu CD14 Antibody NB CD162 (TB5) Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB NB CD17 (MEM-74) Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB CD18 (IVA35) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IP Bv NB CD19 (LT19) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IHC-Fr, IP Hu NB CD1 alpha (O10) Mouse Monoclonal IHC Hu NB CD2 (MEM-65) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IP Hu NB CD20 (L26) Mouse Monoclonal IHC Hu NB CD21 (21B9) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, WB Hu NB CD22 (FCP1) Mouse Monoclonal IHC Hu analyis NB CD28 Rabbit Polyclonal WB Hu of human lymph node lysate using NB CD2BP2 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu, Mu, Rt NB NB CD3 (MEM-57) Mouse Monoclonal FACS, IP Hu NB CD3 epsilon (E292) Rabbit Monoclonal WB, ICC Hu CD44 (EPR1013Y) NB CD3 zeta (C-term) (EP286Y) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, ICC, WB Hu Antibody NB CD4 (BC/1F6) Mouse Monoclonal IHC-P, IHC-Fr Hu, Mk NB NB CD44 (EPR1013Y) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IHC, WB Hu NB CD8 alpha (IBL-3/25) Rat Monoclonal FACS, IHC-Fr, IP Mu NB CD26 Goat Polyclonal ELISA, WB Rt NB HVEM Goat Polyclonal ELISA, WB Hu NB IL-2R alpha (MEM-181), FITC Mouse Monoclonal FACS Hu NB LAG3 Goat Polyclonal ELISA Hu NB LCK Phospho (EP2158Y) [Tyr505] Rabbit Monoclonal WB Hu, Mu Applications: FACS, ICC, IHC, WB NB TCR zeta chain (G3) Mouse Monoclonal ELISA, FACS, IHC, IP, WB Hu, Mu NB ZAP70 (YE291) Rabbit Monoclonal FACS, ICC, IHC, IP, WB Hu urinary bladder using NB CD11b/c Antibody CD11b, also known as Integrin alpha-m, is a commonly used microglial marker. It is involved in various adhesive interactions of monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes. CD11b also mediates the uptake of complement coated particles and is a receptor for fibrinogen, factor X and ICAM1. CD117 Antibody NB stromal tumor stained using NB CD20 (L26) Antibody NB tonsil using NB IL-2R alpha (MEM-181) Antibody NB Applications: FACS Surface staining of human PBMC using NB CD11b/c Antibody NB bone marrow, myeloid precursors using NB , Mu, IHC-P, WB 14

16 Autoimmune Disorders NIH estimates that 23.5 million Americans suffer from autoimmune diseases. Although these diseases are rare, their prevalence is rising. Autoimmune diseases are disorders that occur due to autoimmunity, an inappropriate immune response against one s own organs, tissues or cells. Autoimmunity occurs naturally in everyone to some degree, however autoimmune Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that is thought to be initiated by self-reactive T cells. Activate T cells, capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, target myelin basic protein, a major component of the myelin sheath, causing sclerotic plaques. Activated macrophages are present Myelin Basic Protein Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) plays a role in the formation of and stabilization of myelin sheaths. Smaller isoforms may play an important role in remyelination of axons diseases arise as a pathological consequence. There are two types of autoimmune disorders: systemic autoimmune diseases and localized autoimmune diseases. As the names imply, the former causes damage of many organs, while the later cause damage of a single organ or tissue. Heritability and environmental factors are the two leading causes of autoimmune diseases. in these plaques and release proteases and cytokines which are the direct cause of demyelination. Research has shown that T cells derived from MS patients recognize proteins encoded by both herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus, however MS also has a strong genetic component. affected by MS. Some studies have shown a link between the MBP gene and a predisposition to MS. MBP Antibody NB PC12 cells using NB MBP Antibody NB of human brain stained using NB MBP Antibody R traumatized human brain cells using R , Mu, Rt Applications: FACS, ICC, IP, WB, Rt, Rt Epstein-Barr Virus The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a member of the Herpes virus family and is one of the most common and successful human viruses. This virus persists within B cells and is controlled by virus-specific T cells. Studies suggest that patients with MS may carry a population of T cells that overreact to EBV. Thus, high levels of antibodies to EBV are an indicator of increased risk for developing MS. [EBNA1 NB , NBP ] Lünemann, J., et al. Increased frequency and broadened specificity of latent EBV nuclear antigen-1-specific T cells in multiple sclerosis. Brain, Jun 2006; 129(6): Proteolipid Protein Proteolipid Protein (PLP) is an abundant protein found in myelin of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It stabilizes myelin by preventing lipid bilayer fusion. PLP is one of the most studied myelin proteins due to the prevalence of PLP mutations in humans and animals. PLP Antibody NB immature oligodendrocytes of white matter tracks using NB Species: Mu Applications: ICC, IHC, WB Additional EBV Antibodies: NB NB NB NB NB NB NB NBP PLP Antibody NB Species: Mu Applications: ICC, WB Immunocytochemical PLP in mouse brain thick section using NB

17 Type 1 Diabetes Type 1 Diabetes is a disease in which the immune system destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Current research shows that this attack is mediated by killer T cells. Apoptosis of beta cells occurs several months prior to symptomatic onset, thus type 1 diabetes is sometimes referred to as a silent killer. Studies show that B lymphocytes also play a role in pathogenesis, however their role is less clear. Insulin Insulin is a polypeptide hormone that enhances membrane transport of glucose and other molecules, as well as promoting glycogen storage, formation of triglycerides and synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. Deficiencies in insulin result in type 1 diabetes. Insulin (E2E3) Antibody NB analysis of human pancreas using NB Insulin (C-PEP-01) Antibody NB analysis of human pancreas using NB Insulin (D3E7 (5B6/6)) Antibody NB human pancreas using NB Species: Bv, Hu, Po, Rt, Rb Applications: ELISA, ICC, IHC, WB Applications: ELISA, ICC, IHC, RIA Species: Rt, Hu Applications: ELISA, IHC-Fr, IHC-P IA2 IA2 belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase family. IA2 is an autoantigen reactive with type 1 diabetes patients sera, thus it may be a potential target of autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. IA2 Antibody NBP , Mu, Rt analylsis on NIH 3T3 lysate using NBP IA2 Antibody H B01 Western Blot transfected 293T cell line (Lane 1) using H B01. Lane 2 is a nontransfected lysate. [IA2 NBP ] Buzzetti R, et al. Non Insulin Requiring Autoimmune Diabetes Study Group. High titer of autoantibodies to GAD identifies a specific phenotype of adult-onset autoimmune diabetes. Diabetes Care Apr;30(4): CD137 Antibody NB extracts from K562 cells using NB CD137 CD137 belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family and is expressed on activated T cells. The functions of CD137 in T cells include regulating activation, proliferation and apoptosis. Studies suggest that CD137 plays a significant role in the development of and genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes. CD137 antibody therapy can suppress the development of type 1 diabetes in mice. GAD Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes the conversion of glutamate to GABA, a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS. GAD exists as two isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67. GAD65 is thought to be the major autoantigen and an autoreactive T cell target in type 1 diabetes. GAD65 Antibody NB , Rt human pancreas using NB GAD1/2 Antibody NB human lung carcinoma tissue using NB , Mu Applications: ELISA, IHC, WB 16

18 Rhuematoid Arthritis Rhuematoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints which eventually leads to their destruction. In RA affected joints, lymphocytes are activated causing cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), to be expressed in the inflamed areas. T cells from RA patients recognize cartilage protein and a protein incoded by the bacterium that causes teburculosis, thus suggesting that mycobacterial infection may trigger RA. The incidence of RA has a negative correlation with thymus function. Patients with RA inevitably experience pain alongside the swelling and tenderness associated with rheumatoid joint inflammation. IL-1 and TNF strongly induce the production of PGE2, leukotrienes and platelet-activating factor, which are involved in the pain mechanism. ARTICULAR CARTILAGE SYNOVIAL FLUID NEUTROPHILS FEMUR OSTEOCLASTS CHONDROCYTES IL-1 TNF IL-8 PGE 2 IL-6 JOINT CAPSULE SYNOVIUM TNF Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine produced by macrophages that causes the inflammation associated with RA. Medications currently available to combat RA function by binding TNF and preventing it from functioning. TNF alpha Antibody NB recombinant NB TNF alpha Antibody NB E coli derived fusion NB , Mu, Rt IL-1 Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pivotal cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of RA. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta bind the same cell surface receptor, have 25% amino acid sequence identity, and elicit similar biological responses. IL-1 works with IL-6 and TNF alpha to induce early onset inflammatory responses. IL-1 also activates chondrocytes to stimulate cartilage breakdown, activates osteoclasts to initiate bone resoprtion, and induces fibroblast proliferation to initiate synovial pannus formation. IL-1 alpha Antibody NBP spleen using NBP IL-1 beta Antibody NB on recombinant protein using NB IL-1 beta Antibody H B01 Western Blot transfected 293T cell line using H B01. Applications: ELISA, IHC-P, WB IL-1 beta Antibody NB analysis of anti-il-1 beta using NB IL-1 beta Antibody NB analysis of anti-il1β using NB IL-1 beta Antibody NBP lung using NBP , Mk Applications: ELISA, FACS, IHC-Fr, IHC-P, IP, WB Species: Mu Applications: ELISA, IF, IHC-P, IP, WB 17

19 IN THE S 1. [CD36 NB ] During A, Doraiswamy S, and Harrison EH. Xanthophylls are preferentially taken up compared with beta-carotene by retinal cells via a SRBI-dependent mechanism. J Lipid Res 2008;49(8): [Cathepsin F NB ] Maubach G, Lim MCC, and Zhuo L. Nuclear Cathepsin F Regulates Activation Markers in Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells. Mol Biol Cell 2008;19(10): [Enterokinase Cleavage Site NB ] Stahnke B, Thepen T, Stocker M, et al. Granzyme B- H22(scFv), a human immunotoxin targeting CD64 in acute myeloid leukemia of monocytic subtypes. Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(9): [Defensin beta-3 NB ] Akiyama M, Sakai K, Takayama C, et al. CGI-58 Is an alpha/beta- Hydrolase within Lipid Transporting Lamellar Granules of Differentiated Keratinocytes. Am J Pathol 2008;173(5): [HLA-DMB H M01] Callahan MJ, Nagymanyoki Z, Bonome T, et al. Increased HLA-DMB Expression in the Tumor Epithelium Is Associated with Increased CTL Infiltration and Improved Prognosis in Advanced-Stage Serous Ovarian Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14(23): [IL-18 Binding Protein NB ] He Z, Lu L, Altmann C, et al. Interleukin-18 binding protein transgenic mice are protected against ischemic acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2008;295(5):F [TLR2 NB ] Henning LN, Azad AK, Parsa KVL, et al. Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Regulates TLR Expression and Activity in Human Macrophages. J Immunol 2008;180(12): [Nurr1 NB ] Luo Y, Xing F, Guiliano R, et al. Identification of a Novel Nurr1-Interacting Protein. J Neurosci 2008;28(37): [MART-1 NB ] Massoumi R, Kuphal S, Hellerbrand C, et al. Down-regulation of CYLD expression by Snail promotes tumor progression in malignant melanoma. J Exp Med 2009;206(1): [Clostridium difficile Toxin A NB ] Dissanayake SK, Olkhanud PB, O Connell MP, et al. Wnt5A Regulates Expression of Tumor-Associated Antigens in Melanoma via Changes in Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 Phosphorylation. Cancer Res 2008;68(24): [TARDBP NB ] Geser F, Brandmeir NJ, Kwong LK, et al. Evidence of Multisystem Disorder in Whole-Brain Map of Pathological TDP-43 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Arch Neurol. May 1, 2008; 65(5): [TARDBP H M01] Weihl CC, Temiz P, Miller SE, et al. TDP-43 accumulation in inclusion body myopathy muscle suggests a common pathogenic mechanism with frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Oct;79(10):