Bone Erosions and Bone Marrow Edema as Defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reflect True Bone Marrow Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis
|
|
- Tobias Price
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM Vol. 56, No. 4, April 2007, pp DOI /art , American College of Rheumatology Bone Erosions and Bone Marrow Edema as Defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reflect True Bone Marrow Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Esther Jimenez-Boj, 1 Iris Nöbauer-Huhmann, 1 Beatrice Hanslik-Schnabel, 1 Ronald Dorotka, 1 Axel-Hugo Wanivenhaus, 1 Franz Kainberger, 1 Siegfried Trattnig, 1 Roland Axmann, 2 Wayne Tsuji, 3 Sonja Hermann, 2 Josef Smolen, 1 and Georg Schett 4 Objective. To investigate the pathologic nature of features termed bone erosion and bone marrow edema (also called osteitis) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. RA patients scheduled for joint replacement surgery (metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal joints) underwent MRI on the day before surgery. The presence and localization of bone erosions and bone marrow edema as evidenced by MRI (MRI bone erosions and MRI bone marrow edema) were documented in each joint (n 12 joints). After surgery, sequential sections from throughout the whole joint were analyzed histologically for bone marrow changes, and these results were correlated with the MRI findings. Results. MRI bone erosion was recorded based on bone marrow inflammation adjacent to a site of cortical bone penetration. Inflammation was recorded based on either invading synovial tissue (pannus), formation of lymphocytic aggregates, or increased vascularity. Fatrich bone marrow was replaced by inflammatory tissue, Supported by the Austrian Ministry of Sciences (START prize award to Dr. Schett). 1 Esther Jimenez-Boj, MD, Iris Nöbauer-Huhmann, MD, Beatrice Hanslik-Schnabel, MD, Ronald Dorotka, MD, Axel-Hugo Wanivenhaus, MD, Franz Kainberger, MD, Siegfried Trattnig, MD, Josef Smolen, MD: Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 2 Roland Axmann, MD, Sonja Hermann, MD: University of Erlangen- Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; 3 Wayne Tsuji, MD: Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California; 4 Georg Schett, MD: Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, and University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. Dr. Tsuji holds stock or stock options in Amgen. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Georg Schett, MD, Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany. georg.schett@med3.imed.uni-erlangen.de. Submitted for publication October 3, 2006; accepted in revised form December 21, increasing water content, which appears as bright signal enhancement on STIR MRI sequences. MRI bone marrow edema was recorded based on the finding of inflammatory infiltrates, which were less dense than those of MRI bone erosions and localized more centrally in the joint. These lesions were either isolated or found in contact with MRI bone erosions. Conclusion. MRI bone erosions and MRI bone marrow edema are due to the formation of inflammatory infiltrates in the bone marrow of patients with RA. This emphasizes the value of MRI in sensitively detecting inflammatory tissue in the bone marrow and demonstrates that the inflammatory process extends to the bone marrow cavity, which is an additional target structure for antiinflammatory therapy. Chronic synovitis in the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to pathologic changes in adjacent structures, such as the articular cartilage, the cortical bone surface, and the underlying bone marrow. Knowledge of this complex destructive process is predominantly driven by findings of radiographic examinations, which have identified local bone erosions as well as joint space narrowing as key monitoring parameters in RA (1,2). From these findings it is apparent that inflamed synovial tissue has the capacity to invade neighboring structures such as cartilage and bone. It has been particularly difficult, however, to unravel the histopathologic nature of these changes, since usual methods to assess and/or to surgically treat synovitis, such as biopsy or synovectomy, target the synovial tissue itself but do not yield insight into changes in cartilage, bone, or bone marrow. It is therefore not surprising that information about the structural and functional correlates of radiographic findings in RA is scarce and is driven by findings 1118
2 MRI BONE EROSION AND BONE MARROW EDEMA IN RA 1119 in specimens obtained at joint replacement surgery, which usually occurs late in the disease course. Thus, key features of local bone erosions in RA have only recently been described, revealing that these lesions are populated by osteoclasts, which have the capacity to degrade bone (3,4). Improvements in imaging strategies, in particular, technical developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have provided insight into the complexity of joint destruction in RA (5,6). Thus, MRI scanning has extended our knowledge of RA by allowing direct visualization of synovial inflammation and by depicting the invasion of inflammation into bone and bone marrow very early in the disease. Importantly, MRI scans show signal changes, which extend into the bone marrow cavity and are linked either to cortical bone destruction ( MRI bone erosion ) or to more diffuse changes in the bone marrow space ( MRI bone marrow edema or MRI osteitis ). The latter lesions have also been described in osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (7 9). Both lesions exhibit signal characteristics consistent with increased water content (5), distinguishing these lesions from the fatty bone marrow of the extremities. The morphologic nature of bone marrow changes in RA, however, has not been well investigated. The lack of easy access to bone marrow from RA patients is a logistic challenge and has so far prevented clear definition of the structural correlates of MRI changes. However, recent histologic investigations using specimens obtained at joint replacement surgery have shown that fat-rich bone marrow can indeed be focally replaced by inflammatory synovial tissue, which invades the cortical bone, penetrates the cortical barrier, and exposes the bone marrow to inflammatory triggers, leading in particular to B cell rich cellular aggregates (10). In the present study, we aimed to define the nature of bone marrow edema in RA. We studied RA patients scheduled for total joint replacement of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. These joints were scanned by MRI on the day before surgery and subsequent histologic processing. This allowed investigation of the histopathologic nature of bone marrow changes in RA as depicted by MRI. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients. Twelve different joints (heads of 2 second metacarpal, 3 third metacarpal, 2 fourth metacarpal, 2 fifth metacarpal, 1 second proximal phalangeal, 1 third proximal phalangeal, and 1 fourth proximal phalangeal bone) from 3 patients (all women, ages 43, 56, and 61 years) with longstanding RA (disease duration 8, 14, and 24 years) were assessed. All patients fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (formerly, the American Rheumatism Association) criteria for the classification of RA (11). Patients were scheduled for joint replacement surgery because of chronic and persistent pain, joint swelling, and impaired range of motion in the target joint. All patients were being treated with methotrexate (15 mg/ week) and low-dose glucocorticoids (5 mg/day). Surgical procedures were performed according to the methods described by Swanson (12), consisting of resection of the affected metacarpal or proximal phalangeal heads followed by implantation of a silicone spacer (NeuFlex; DePuy Orthopaedics, Warsaw, IN) (13). Written informed consent was obtained for all procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging. MRI was performed with a 1.5T MR scanner (Philips, Nijmegen, The Netherlands), using a flexible surface coil (flex medium) to obtain coronal STIR sequences. The acquisition parameters were as follows: repetition time (TR) 1,200 msec, echo time (TE) 14 msec, 2 averages, field of view (FOV) 200 mm, matrix 1, pixels, slice thickness 3 mm, interslice gap 0.3 mm, scan time 2 minutes 18 seconds. In addition, coronal T1-weighted sequences were obtained (TR 450 msec, TE 13.8 msec, 2 averages, FOV 200 mm, matrix 1, pixels, slice thickness 3 mm, interslice gap 0.3 mm, scan time 2 minutes 18 seconds). MRI bone erosions were defined based on hyperintensity on STIR sequences and hypointensity on T1-weighted sequences, in direct contact with cortical bone and with well-defined margins and apparent destruction of the cortical bone barrier. MRI bone marrow edema was identified as hyperintense lesions on STIR sequences, with less clearly defined margins and intact trabecular structures (5). Histologic examination. After resection, the localization (MCP or PIP joint; second, third, fourth, or fifth digit), side (left or right), and dorsal-palmar plane of each joint were documented. To ascertain an orientation of the histologic sections identical to that of the MRI, the 3-dimensional orientation of the joint had to be documented (Figure 1). In accordance with the MR images, joints were cut in the coronal axis. This was ascertained by defining the distal-proximal orientation by the resection rim and the cartilage, respectively, the lateral-medial orientation by the side of the joint (left or right hand), and the dorsal-palmar orientation by marking the dorsal rim with a suture. After explantation, the specimen was immediately placed into 0.9% NaCl, fixed in 4.0% formalin, and decalcified in 14% EDTA (Sigma, St. Louis, MO). Paraffin-embedded joints were then cut into 2 equal-sized pieces along the coronal plane. Both pieces were used to cut sequential sections (2 m) every 50 m, directed to the dorsal rim of the joint in 1 piece and to the palmar rim in the other. For each joint 70 serial sections were analyzed. All sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed quantitatively for the degree of bone marrow alterations, using a histomorphometric technique with an Axioskop 2 microscope (Zeiss, Marburg, Germany) and the OsteoMeasure Analysis System (Osteometrics, Decatur, GA) (14). The area covered by bone (cortical plus trabecular), normal bone marrow, and bone marrow with mild cellular infiltration ( 50% inflammatory infiltrates per tissue
3 1120 JIMENEZ-BOJ ET AL Figure 1. Ascertainment of coronal-plane magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and histologic sections. Metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints were analyzed in the coronal plane by MRI scanning, as well as by histologic examination of serial sections (black bars). To precisely define the orientation of sections, all 3 dimensions were documented: the distal-proximal orientation was based on the distal localization of the articular cartilage, the dorsal-palmar axis was identified through labeling with a suture placed at the dorsal rim of the joint head (red box) directly after explantation, and the lateral-medial axis was defined based on knowledge of whether the explants came from the left or the right hand. Serial sections were obtained at intervals of 50 m, allowing identification of the exact localization of the respective section within the dorsal-palmar axis. area; intact trabecular structure) or severe infiltration ( 50% inflammatory infiltrates per tissue area; trabeculae destroyed) were recorded. MRI and histomorphometric data were interpreted by 2 independent observers (EJ-B and IN-H), under blinded conditions. RESULTS Colocalization of cellular infiltrates with bone marrow edema seen on MRI. To better understand the processes causing the pathologic changes seen on MRI in patients with RA, we performed a serial histologic analysis of sections from throughout the entire finger joint of patients who had undergone joint replacement surgery. STIR MRI sequences obtained on the day before surgery were compared with histologic sections. In all 12 joints analyzed, bone marrow changes were evident on MRI scans as well as in histologic sections. Bone lesions seen on MRI were designated as erosions when they were localized close to cortical bone and associated with synovitis, whereas the more diffuse lesions in the bone marrow were designated bone marrow edema or osteitis. Both types of lesion appeared bright on the STIR sequences but dark on the T1- weighted images, reflecting increased water content and decreased fat content. Origin of bone erosions seen on MRI. Analysis of corresponding histologic sections showed that bone erosions seen on MRI were due to localized replacement of bone marrow fat by accumulated inflammatory cells adjacent to a broken cortical bone barrier. Cortical bone is actually only a very thin barrier ( 0.25 mm in width) between the synovium and the bone marrow. A perforation of this layer enabled the accumulation of inflammatory tissue, in the form of either synovial inflammatory tissue or lymphocytic B cell rich aggregates within the marrow space, appearing as bone erosions. In fact, only a small portion of the MRI lesion that was designated bone erosion represented true structural damage of bone, since inflammation affects the bone marrow after penetration through the cortical barrier. Figure 2 shows an example of 2 histologic sections of a second metacarpal head from a patient with RA, as well as matched MR images with STIR and T1-weighted sequences. MRI lesions were characterized as a clearly demarcated zone of hyperintense signal within normal hypointense marrow on STIR images, and a hypointense signal on T1-weighted sections. The histologic correlate was identified as local bone marrow inflammation and accumulation of blood vessels at these sites, which were closely linked to a break in the adjacent cortical bone. Origin of bone marrow edema seen on MRI. More diffuse MRI signal alterations in the bone marrow of patients with RA are considered to indicate bone marrow edema or osteitis. As was seen with the abovementioned lesions, they appeared bright on STIR sequences, indicating increased water but lower fat content. Similar to the findings in MRI bone erosions, the histopathologic correlate of MRI bone marrow edema/ osteitis was infiltration of the bone marrow by inflammatory tissue. This lends more credence to the term osteitis rather than bone marrow edema. Thus, all lesions that appeared bright on STIR sequences (and dark on T1-weighted sequences) and were localized within the cortical bone layer were due to inflammatory infiltrates in the bone marrow, regardless of whether these lesions were attached to the endosteum and associated with cortical penetration (MRI bone erosion) or were more diffusely located within the marrow space (MRI bone marrow edema/osteitis). Distribution of bone marrow changes. Normal bone marrow is dominated by adipocytes, with occa-
4 MRI BONE EROSION AND BONE MARROW EDEMA IN RA 1121 Figure 2. T1-weighted (A) and STIR (B) magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and corresponding histologic sections at low and high magnification (C and D), of a second metacarpal head from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. MRI bone erosion is defined based on penetration of cortical bone and localized bone marrow inflammation, depicted as a circumscribed area of hypointense signal at the medial circumference on the T1-weighted image in the upper row (arrowhead) within normal hyperintense bone marrow. This corresponds to findings on the STIR image in the upper row, where the erosion is seen as a clearly demarcated zone of hyperintense signal within normal hypointense marrow at this site (arrowhead). A blood vessel and inflammatory tissue next to the junction zone of the joint (arrowheads) are seen in the corresponding histologic images in the upper row. The MR and histologic images in the lower row show a more palmar view of the same joint, with clear signs of invasion of inflammatory tissue into subchondral bone and bone marrow seen on the STIR MRI (arrowhead). The corresponding histologic section shows cortical penetration at this site, with inflammatory tissue invading the bone marrow space and replacing fatty tissue (arrowheads). (Original magnification 10 in C; 50 in D.) sional interspersed stromal cells. Mild infiltration of bone marrow was characterized by a decreased number of adipocytes in favor of hematopoietic cells infiltrating the bone marrow ( 50% infiltrates/tissue area [grade I lesion]). Severe infiltration of bone marrow was recorded based on findings of either synovial pannus like tissue within the cortical lining, lymphocytic aggregates, or blood vessels associated with inflammatory infiltrates almost completely replacing bone marrow fat (grade II lesion). Most areas of the more diffuse lesions reflecting MRI bone marrow edema/osteitis were composed of grade I lesions, with some interspersed grade II lesions. In contrast, peripheral lesions reflecting MRI bone erosions were almost exclusively dense infiltrates corresponding to grade II lesions. In accordance with this, grade II lesions were localized peripherally at the dorsal and palmar rims of the bone marrow cavity, reflecting their close interaction with synovial tissue penetrating through the cortical barrier into the bone marrow. Grade II lesions were absent in the center of the bone marrow. Grade I lesions, in contrast, were localized at the center and palmar areas of the joint, colocalizing with lesions appearing as MRI bone marrow edema/ osteitis. Areas of mild infiltration of the bone marrow (grade I lesions) were generally more prevalent (by 4-fold) than areas with more severe changes (grade II lesions) (Figures 3C and D). Our findings indicated that STIR MRI sequences can depict mild inflammatory infiltrates in the bone marrow, which are commonly termed bone marrow edema/osteitis, as well as dense bone marrow infiltrates associated with penetration of cortical bone, termed bone erosions.
5 1122 JIMENEZ-BOJ ET AL Figure 3. Different localization patterns of mild and severe bone marrow inflammation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) bone marrow edema is defined based on bone marrow inflammation. A, STIR MRI of the third metacarpal head, showing signal enhancement reflecting bone marrow edema. The image on the right is a close-up of the boxed area in the image on the left. B, Histologic section corresponding to the boxed area in the right image shown in A, demonstrating inflammatory infiltrates in the bone marrow at the site of the MRI lesion. C, Higher-magnification views of the boxed areas in B, showing normal bone marrow containing adipocytes (left portion of C, corresponding to the boxed area in the upper right of B), mild infiltration with hematopoietic cells, reflecting a grade I lesion (middle portion of C, corresponding to the boxed area in the middle of B), and strong infiltration (grade II lesion) with almost complete replacement of fatty tissue by inflammatory tissue (right portion of C, corresponding to the boxed area in the lower left of B). D, Graph depicting the findings in 70 serial coronal sections from the metacarpal head, showing that grade II lesions are localized peripherally at the dorsal and palmar rims where bone erosions are present, whereas grade I lesions are distributed more centrally. (Original magnification 20 in B; 200 in C.) DISCUSSION Magnetic resonance imaging not only allows visualization and quantification of synovitis, but has also enabled more detailed viewing of the pathologic changes of neighboring bone, cartilage, and bone marrow. Localized MRI changes in close association with the cortical bone are termed bone erosions, whereas more diffuse changes in the bone marrow are termed bone marrow edema or osteitis (5,6). These changes originate from focally increased water content in the bone marrow, suggesting that bone marrow fat is replaced by water, or structures containing more water and less fat than normal bone marrow. They appear dark (low signal intensity) on T1-weighted MRIs, whereas they are bright (high signal intensity) on STIR MRI sequences (5). The fact that MR techniques have revealed profound changes in a previously uncharacterized compartment of the rheumatoid joint, beneath the inflamed
6 MRI BONE EROSION AND BONE MARROW EDEMA IN RA 1123 surface, is of particular interest. MRI is increasingly used in the monitoring of RA patients who are receiving immunomodulatory therapies, including biologic agents, in both clinical trials and daily clinical practice. Among the radiographic changes observed on the MRIs, the anatomic basis of synovitis is very well characterized and the structural nature of local bone erosion has been recently defined (3,10,15,16). In contrast, little information has been available on the nature of bone marrow changes found in RA joints but not in normal joints. This is due to 1) the apparent difficulty in assessing this particular joint region, which is not accessible via synovial biopsy or synovectomy, and 2) the scientific focus on joint pathology at the outside, but not the inside, of the cortical bone barrier (10). The cortical bone barrier, which separates the synovial compartment from the bone marrow compartment, is only a very thin layer. The vast majority of the lesion termed bone erosion on MRI scans and the whole lesion termed bone marrow edema/osteitis is clearly localized within this cortical bone layer. This suggests that MRI can depict pathologic changes in the bone marrow beneath the inflamed joint. The present study reveals that these lesions are due to the replacement of bone marrow fat by an inflammatory infiltrate resembling a sterile osteitis or osteomyelitis, rather than a true edema. Dense bone marrow infiltrates were found at the periphery of the bone marrow, where adjacent cortical bone had been fenestrated by synovial inflammatory tissue (MRI bone erosions). These lesions were composed of dense infiltrates consisting of 1) synovial inflammatory tissue invading the bone marrow, 2) lymphocytic infiltrates emerging at the interface between synovial tissue and bone marrow fat, and 3) blood vessels close to inflammatory infiltrates. Thus, MRI bone erosions not only show penetration of the cortical barrier, but are largely due to inflammatory changes in the neighboring bone marrow. MRI bone marrow edema was also due to inflammatory infiltrates, but infiltration was less severe and localized to more central regions of the bone marrow. This study had limitations due to the small number of patients investigated and the focus on late-stage disease. The number of patients was small due to the low frequency of surgical replacement of finger joints, the improved control of disease by pharmacologic methods, and the complexity of the histologic analysis ( 70 sections per joint for histomorphometric analysis). However, the fact that MRI lesions corresponded to histologic signs of bone marrow inflammation in all 12 joints investigated is a strong indicator that true inflammation is the cause of MRI lesions in the bone marrow. The second limitation of the study, lack of inclusion of patients with early disease, was unavoidable since, for obvious reasons, finger joint replacement surgery is not the treatment of choice in early arthritis. Thus, we cannot exclude the possibility that MRI bone marrow changes in early disease, which can be reversible, have a different structural correlate than the lesions found in advanced disease as investigated in this study. In summary, the present results show that MRI bone erosions as well as MRI bone marrow edema/ osteitis reflect bone marrow inflammation. This indicates that, in addition to the synovial membrane, juxtaarticular parts of the bone marrow are inflamed in RA, suggesting active involvement of this compartment in the inflammatory process. These findings reveal a previously uncharacterized component of the pathophysiology of RA. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Ivana Mikulic and Birgit Tuerk for excellent technical assistance. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Dr. Schett had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study design. Jimenez-Boj, Nöbauer-Huhmann, Dorotka, Wanivenhaus, Kainberger, Tsuji, Smolen, Schett. Acquisition of data. Jimenez-Boj, Nöbauer-Huhmann, Hanslik- Schnabel, Dorotka, Wanivenhaus, Trattnig, Axmann, Hermann, Schett. Analysis and interpretation of data. Jimenez-Boj, Nöbauer-Huhmann, Hanslik-Schnabel, Kainberger, Trattnig, Axmann, Hermann, Smolen, Schett. Manuscript preparation. Jimenez-Boj, Dorotka, Tsuji, Smolen, Schett. Statistical analysis. Jimenez-Boj, Schett. Operations. Hanslik-Schnabel, Dorotka, Wanivenhaus. REFERENCES 1. Van der Heijde DM. Radiographic imaging: the gold standard for assessment of disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000;39: Sharp JT, Young DY, Bluhm GB, Brook A, Brower AC, Corbett M, et al. How many joints in the hands and wrists should be included in a score of radiologic abnormalities used to assess rheumatoid arthritis? Arthritis Rheum 1985;28: Gravallese EM, Harada Y, Wang JT, Gorn AH, Thornhill TS, Goldring SR. Identification of cell types responsible for bone resorption in rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Pathol 1998;152: Schett G, Hayer S, Zwerina J, Redlich K, Smolen J. Mechanisms of disease: the link between RANKL and arthritic bone disease. Nat Clin Pract Rheum 2005;1: Ostergaard M, Peterfy C, Conaghan P, McQueen F, Bird P,
7 1124 JIMENEZ-BOJ ET AL Ejbjerg B, et al. OMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies: core set of MRI acquisitions, joint pathology definitions, and the OMERACT RA-MRI scoring system. J Rheumatol 2003;30: McQueen FM, Benton N, Perry D, Crabbe J, Robinson E, Yeoman S, et al. Bone edema scored on magnetic resonance imaging scans of the dominant carpus at presentation predicts radiographic joint damage of the hands and feet six years later in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48: Zanetti M, Bruder E, Romero J, Hodler J. Bone marrow edema pattern in osteoarthritic knees: correlation between MR imaging and histologic findings. Radiology 2000;215: Appel H, Loddenkemper C, Grozdanovic Z, Ebhardt H, Dreimann M, Hempfing A, et al. Correlation of histopathological findings and magnetic resonance imaging in the spine of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2006;8:R Boutry N, Hachulla E, Flipo RM, Cortet B, Cotton A. MR imaging findings in hands in early rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with those in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sjogren syndrome. Radiology 2006;241: Jimenez-Boj E, Redlich K, Turk B, Hanslik-Schnabel B, Wanivenhaus A, Chott A, et al. Interaction between synovial inflammatory tissue and bone marrow in rheumatoid arthritis. J Immunol 2005;175: Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, McShane DJ, Fries JF, Cooper NS, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1988;31: Swanson AB. Silicone rubber implants for replacement of arthritis or destroyed joints in the hand. Surg Clin North Am 1968;48: Erdogan A, Weiss AP. NeuFlex silastic implant in metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty. Orthopade 2003;32: Deleuran BW, Chu CQ, Field M, Brennan FM, Mitchell T, Feldmann M, et al. Localization of tumor necrosis factor receptors in the synovial tissue and cartilage pannus junction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: implications for local actions of tumor necrosis factor. Arthritis Rheum 1992;35: Bromley M, Woolley DE. Chondroclasts and osteoclasts at subchondral sites of erosion in the rheumatoid joint. Arthritis Rheum 1984;27: Goldring SR. Bone and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: what is really happening? J Rheumatol 2002;65:44 8.
Cover Page. The handle holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/40654 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Stomp, W. Title: MR imaging in early rheumatoid arthritis : techniques and applications
More informationThe EULAR OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the wrist joint
i23 The EULAR OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the wrist joint B Ejbjerg, F McQueen, M Lassere, E Haavardsholm, P Conaghan, P O Connor, P Bird, C Peterfy, J Edmonds, M Szkudlarek,
More informationComparative Analysis of Bone Erosions and -Cysts in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis and Erosive Hand Osteoarthritis
Comparative Analysis of Bone Erosions and -Cysts in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis and Erosive Hand Osteoarthritis Stephanie Finzel Department of Internal Medicine 3 Rheumatology & Immunology
More informationS tructural joint damage, a major outcome in
i3 An introduction to the EULAR OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas M Østergaard, J Edmonds, F McQueen, C Peterfy, M Lassere, B Ejbjerg, P Bird, P Emery, H Genant, P Conaghan... This
More informationCover Page. The handle holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/29578 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Krabben, Annemarie Title: Predictive factors for the development and disease course
More informationNumerous studies have demonstrated that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more sensitive for detection of
Reducing Invasiveness, Duration, and Cost of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Omitting Intravenous Contrast Injection Does It Change the Assessment of Inflammatory and Destructive
More informationRECENT ADVANCES IN CLINICAL MR OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
In Practice RECENT ADVANCES IN CLINICAL MR OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE By Atsuya Watanabe, MD, PhD, Director, Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Center and Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Teikyo
More informationOriginal Research JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING 22: (2005)
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING 22:788 793 (2005) Original Research STIR vs. T1-Weighted Fat-Suppressed Gadolinium- Enhanced MRI of Bone Marrow Edema of the Knee: Computer-Assisted Quantitative Comparison
More informationRole of Ultrasound and MRI in Detection of Hand and Wrist Joints Erosions in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Comparative Study
Med. J. Cairo Univ., Vol. 83, No. 1, September: 615-620, 2015 www.medicaljournalofcairouniversity.net Role of Ultrasound and MRI in Detection of Hand and Wrist Joints Erosions in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients,
More informationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (October 2017) Vol. 69 (4), Page
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (October 2017) Vol. 69 (4), Page 2294-2300 Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography in Diagnosis and Follow Up Rheumatoid Arthritis in Hand and Wrist
More informationCover Page. The handle holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/2978 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Krabben, Annemarie Title: Predictive factors for the development and disease course
More informationDenosumab-Mediated Increase in Hand Bone Mineral Density Associated With Decreased Progression of Bone Erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Arthritis Care & Research Vol. 62, No. 4, April 2010, pp 569 574 DOI 10.1002/acr.20004 2010, American College of Rheumatology CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE FIELD Denosumab-Mediated Increase in Hand Bone Mineral
More informationAn Overview of RAMRIQ: An Automated MRI Rheumatoid Arthritis Quantitative Assessment System
Precision. Insight. Innovation. White Paper: An Overview of RAMRIQ: An Automated MRI Rheumatoid Arthritis Quantitative Assessment System At left: Volume of synovitis in the hand and wrist. Areas of enhancement
More informationtriquetrum in rheumatoid arthritis
Ann. rheum. Dis. (1976), 35, 46 Early abnormalities of pisiform and triquetrum in rheumatoid arthritis DONALD RESNICK From the Department of Radiology, Veterans Administration Hospital, San Diego, and
More informationUrate crystal deposition and bone erosion in gout: inside-out or outside-in? A dual-energy computed tomography study
Towiwat et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy (2016) 18:208 DOI 10.1186/s13075-016-1105-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Urate crystal deposition and bone erosion in gout: inside-out or outside-in? A dual-energy computed
More informationRadial magnetic resonance imaging and pathological findings of acetabular labrum in dysplastic hips
Pathophysiology 7 (2) 7 75 www.elsevier.com/locate/pathophys Radial magnetic resonance imaging and pathological findings of acetabular labrum in dysplastic hips Toshikazu Kubo a, *, Motoyuki Horii a, Junko
More informationOSTEOPHYTOSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD AND NECK
908 RDIOLOGIC VIGNETTE OSTEOPHYTOSIS OF THE FEMORL HED ND NECK DONLD RESNICK Osteophytes are frequently considered the most characteristic abnormality of degenerative joint disease. In patients with osteoarthritis,
More informationBONE TISSUE. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology
BONE TISSUE Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology BONE FUNCTION Support Protection (protect internal organs) Movement (provide leverage system for skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments
More informationKey Indexing Terms: PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OMERACT
The OMERACT Psoriatic Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring System (PsAMRIS): Definitions of Key Pathologies, Suggested MRI Sequences, and Preliminary Scoring System for PsA Hands MIKKEL ØSTERGAARD,
More informationLow field dedicated magnetic resonance imaging in untreated rheumatoid arthritis of recent onset
770 Department of Internal Medicine C, Section of Rheumatology, Odense University, Denmark H Lindegaard P Junker Department of Radiology, Sønderborg Hospital J Vallø Graasten Gigthospital K Hørslev-Petersen
More informationMRI of Cartilage. D. BENDAHAN (PhD)
MRI of Cartilage D. BENDAHAN (PhD) Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale UMR CNRS 7339 Faculté de Médecine de la Timone 27, Bd J. Moulin 13005 Marseille France david.bendahan@univ-amu.fr
More informationImaging and intervention of sacroiliac joint. Dr Ryan Lee Ka Lok Associate Consultant Prince of Wales Hospital
Imaging and intervention of sacroiliac joint Dr Ryan Lee Ka Lok Associate Consultant Prince of Wales Hospital Introduction 15%-25% of low back pain is related to sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain SIJ pain is
More informationOMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. Exercise 3: An International Multicenter Reliability Study Using the RA-MRI Score
2002-945-1 OMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. Exercise 3: An International Multicenter Reliability Study Using the RA-MRI Score MARISSA LASSERE, FIONA McQUEEN, MIKKEL ØSTERGAARD,
More informationTypes of osteoarthritis
ARTHRITIS Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease is the most common joint disorder. It is a frequent part of aging and is an important cause of physical disability in persons older than 65 years
More informationT he treatment strategy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has
1280 EXTENDED REPORT Optimised, low cost, low field dedicated extremity MRI is highly specific and sensitive for synovitis and bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis wrist and finger joints: comparison
More informationMR IMAGING OF THE WRIST
MR IMAGING OF THE WRIST Wrist Instability Dissociative Pattern apparent on routine radiographs Non-dissociative Stress / positional radiographs Dynamic fluoroscopy during stress Arthrography MRI / MR arthrography
More informationThe Rheumatoid Hand Deformities & Management. Dr. Anirudh Sharma Resident Department of Orthopedics
+ The Rheumatoid Hand Deformities & Management Dr. Anirudh Sharma Resident Department of Orthopedics + Why is Rheumatoid Arthritis important? + RA is a very debilitating disease median life expectancy
More informationWhy the dog? Analogy of the anatomy
Why the dog? Analogy of the anatomy Surgically Induced canine OA models: Anterior (cranial) cruciate ligament transection model Pond MJ, Nuki G. Ann Rheum Dis 1973 (and > 100 others) Meniscal disruption
More informationUltrasound in Rheumatology
Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre Winner of a Queen s Anniversary Prize For Higher and Further Education 2009 Ultrasound in Rheumatology Alison Hall Consultant MSK Sonographer/Research Fellow Primary
More informationPsoriatic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Findings in Contrast-Enhanced MRI
MRI Evaluation of rthritis Musculoskeletal Imaging Original Research C D E M N E U T R Y L I M C I G O F I N G Helmut Schoellnast 1 Hannes. Deutschmann 1 Josef Hermann 2 Gottfried J. Schaffler 1 Pia Reittner
More informationArticular disease of the hand - the target joint approach
Articular disease of the hand - the target joint approach Poster No.: C-1817 Congress: ECR 2016 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: R. R. Domingues Madaleno 1, A. P. Pissarra 1, I. Abreu 2, A. Canelas 1,
More informationNEUFLEX MCP/PIP FINGER JOINT IMPLANT SYSTEMS SURGICAL TECHNIQUE. This publication is not intended for distribution in the USA.
NEUFLEX MCP/PIP FINGER JOINT IMPLANT SYSTEMS This publication is not intended for distribution in the USA. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE MCP SURGICAL TECHNIQUE Summary provided by designing surgeon Arnold-Peter C.
More informationImmunological Aspect of Ozone in Rheumatic Diseases
Immunological Aspect of Ozone in Rheumatic Diseases Prof. Dr. med. Z. Fahmy Chief Consulting Rheumatologist Augusta Clinic for Rheumatic Diseases And Rehabilitation Bad Kreuznach Germany Rheumatoid arthritis
More informationAdvanced hip osteoarthritis: magnetic resonance imaging aspects and histopathology correlations
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 18 (2010) 1429e1435 Advanced hip osteoarthritis: magnetic resonance imaging aspects and histopathology correlations H. Leydet-Quilici y *, T. Le Corroller z, C. Bouvier x,
More informationOsteochondral regeneration. Getting to the core of the problem.
Osteochondral regeneration. Getting to the core of the problem. TM TM Bio-mimetic, biointegratable and resorbable Flexible and easy to shape Straightforward one-step procedure Promotes a guided osteo-chondral
More informationWORKSHOP. Organizers: Oran D. Kennedy, PhD Tamara Alliston, PhD
WORKSHOP Bone Marrow Lesions - What Lies Beneath? A workshop based on the ORS/AAOS symposium: Tackling Joint Disease by Understanding Crosstalk between Cartilage and Bone, April 2016 Organizers: Oran D.
More informationA 3-page standard protocol to evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (SPERA): Efficient capture of essential data for clinical trials and observational studies
A 3-page standard protocol to evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (SPERA): Efficient capture of essential data for clinical trials and observational studies T. Pincus Division of Rheumatology and Immunology,
More informationAssessing synovitis based on dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI and EULAR-OMERACT scores of the wrist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Assessing synovitis based on dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI and EULAR-OMERACT scores of the wrist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis W. Wojciechowski 1,2, Z. Tabor 3, A. Urbanik 2 1 Medical Centre
More informationEarly Rheumatoid Arthritis: AReview of MRI and Sonographic Findings
outry et al. MRI and Sonography of Rheumatoid rthritis Musculoskeletal Imaging Pictorial Essay Nathalie outry 1 Mélanie Morel 1 René-Marc Flipo 2 Xavier Demondion 1,3 nne Cotten 1 outry N, Morel M, Flipo
More informationSacroiliac Joint Imaging
Sacroiliac Joint Imaging Jacob Jaremko, MD, PhD Edmonton, Canada SPR, May 2017 Longview, Alberta Overview SI joint anatomy Sacroiliitis pathophysiology Sacroiliitis imaging Disease features Imaging protocols
More informationEarly diagnosis of Rheumatoid
26 Original Article Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Detection of Destructive Changes in Small Joints of Hands in Patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
More informationComparison of Synovial Tissues From the Knee Joints and the Small Joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM Vol. 46, No. 8, August 2002, pp 2034 2038 DOI 10.1002/art.10556 2002, American College of Rheumatology Comparison of Synovial Tissues From the Knee Joints and the Small Joints of
More informationMR imaging of the knee in marathon runners before and after competition
Skeletal Radiol (2001) 30:72 76 International Skeletal Society 2001 ARTICLE W. Krampla R. Mayrhofer J. Malcher K.H. Kristen M. Urban W. Hruby MR imaging of the knee in marathon runners before and after
More informationAOS 3: Rheumatoid Arthritis
AOS 3: Rheumatoid Arthritis Arthritis (General) = inflamed joint - NOT a single disease: covers >100 types - Involves disability + decreased quality of life o Can also occur in young people (not just the
More informationCase reports CASE 1. A 67-year-old white man had back pain since the age. our clinic several years later with progressive symptoms.
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 1982, 41, 574-578 Late-onset peripheral joint disease in ankylosing spondylitis MARC D. COHEN AND WILLIAM W. GINSBURG From the Division ofrheumatology and Internal Medicine,
More informationHow normal are the hands of normal controls? A study with dedicated magnetic resonance imaging
How normal are the hands of normal controls? A study with dedicated magnetic resonance imaging M. Parodi, E. Silvestri 1, G. Garlaschi 1, M.A. Cimmino Clinica Reumatologica, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna
More informationCitation The Journal of dermatology, 37(1), available at
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Author(s) Case of localized scleroderma assoc Muroi, Eiji; Ogawa, Fumihide; Yamao Sato, Shinichi Citation The Journal of dermatology, 37(1), Issue Date 2010-01 URL
More informationRheumatoid Arthritis 2. Inflammatory Diseases. Definition. Imaging Signs
Rheumatoid Arthritis 2 Definition " Epidemiology Affects 2% of the population Peak incidence (diagnosis) in 4th and 5th decades Women affected 3 4 times more often than men Increased familial incidence
More informationPublication for the Philips MRI Community
FieldStrength Publication for the Philips MRI Community Issue 38 Summer 2009 Pediatric MSK imaging benefits from tailored scan protocols Vanderbilt University Children s Hospital builds dedicated scans
More informationRheumatoid Arthritis: Ultrasound Versus MRI
Musculoskeletal Imaging Review Rowbotham and Grainger Imaging Rheumatoid Arthritis Musculoskeletal Imaging Review FOCUS ON: Emma L. Rowbotham 1 Andrew J. Grainger Rowbotham EL, Grainger AJ Keywords: erosions,
More informationMusculoskeletal Imaging at 3T with Simultaneous Use of Multipurpose Loop Coils
Clinical Orthopedic Imaging Musculoskeletal Imaging at 3T with Simultaneous Use of Multipurpose Loop Coils Elena Ferrer 1 ; Rafael Coronado Santos 2 1 Radiology Department, Clínica Creu Blanca, Barcelona,
More informationINTEROSSEOUS MUSCLE BIOPSY DURING HAND SURGERY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
INTEROSSEOUS MUSCLE BIOPSY DURING HAND SURGERY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS By M. RILEY, M.B., M.R.C.P. and STEWART H. HARRISON, F.R.C.S., L.D.S R.C.S. (Ed.) M.R.C. Rheumatism Research Unit, Canadian Red Cross
More informationPatient #1. Rheumatoid Arthritis. Rheumatoid Arthritis. 45 y/o female Morning stiffness in her joints >1 hour
Patient #1 Rheumatoid Arthritis Essentials For The Family Medicine Physician 45 y/o female Morning stiffness in her joints >1 hour Hands, Wrists, Knees, Ankles, Feet Polyarticular, symmetrical swelling
More informationA Comparative Study of Ultrasonographic Findings with Clinical and Radiological Findings of Painful Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint
Med. J. Cairo Univ., Vol. 84, No. 3, December: 97-, www.medicaljournalofcairouniversity.net A Comparative Study of Ultrasonographic Findings with Clinical and Radiological Findings of Painful Osteoarthritis
More informationCase Report Multiple Giant Cell Tumors of Tendon Sheath Found within a Single Digit of a 9-Year-Old
Case Reports in Orthopedics Volume 2016, Article ID 1834740, 4 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1834740 Case Report Multiple Giant Cell Tumors of Tendon Sheath Found within a Single Digit of a 9-Year-Old
More informationImmanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Medical Centre for Rheumatology Berlin - Buch; 2
Low-field MRI versus ultrasound: which is more sensitive in detecting inflammation and bone damage in MCP and MTP joints in mild or moderate rheumatoid arthritis? W.A. Schmidt 1, B. Schicke 2, B. Ostendorf
More informationAoyagi, Kiyoshi; Eguchi, Katsumi; K
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Author(s) Combination of MRI-detected bone ma arthritis classification criteria i rheumatoid arthritis Tamai, Mami; Kita, Junko; Nakashima Horai, Yoshiro; Okada,
More informationAscension. Silicone MCP surgical technique. surgical technique Ascension Silicone MCP
Ascension Silicone MCP surgical technique WW 2 Introduction This manual describes the sequence of techniques and instruments used to implant the Ascension Silicone MCP (FIGURE 1A). Successful use of this
More informationConcept of Spondyloarthritis (SpA)
Concept of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) Spondyloarthritis: Characteristic Parameters Used for Diagnosis I Symptoms Inflammatory back pain Imaging Lab ESR/CRP Patient s history Good response to NSAIDs Spondyloarthritis-Characteristic
More informationRepair in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Current Status. Report of a Workshop at OMERACT 8
Repair in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Current Status. Report of a Workshop at OMERACT 8 DÉSIRÉE van der HEIJDE, ROBERT LANDEWÉ, JOHN T. SHARP for the OMERACT Subcommittee on Repair ABSTRACT. Repair of structural
More informationFieldStrength. Achieva 3.0T enables cutting-edge applications, best-in-class MSK images
FieldStrength Publication for the Philips MRI Community Issue 33 December 2007 Achieva 3.0T enables cutting-edge applications, best-in-class MSK images Palo Alto Medical Clinic Sports Medicine Center employs
More informationdevelopment of erosive osteoarthritis?
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 1989; 48, 183-187 Scientific papers Is chronic renal failure a risk factor for the development of erosive osteoarthritis? I J S DUNCAN,' N P HURST,' A DISNEY,2 R SEBBEN,3
More informationCorrespondence should be addressed to Thomas Kurien;
Case Reports in Orthopedics Volume 2016, Article ID 6043497, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6043497 Case Report Resection and Resolution of Bone Marrow Lesions Associated with an Improvement of
More informationFiguring out the "fronds"-synovial proliferative disorders of the knee.
Figuring out the "fronds"-synovial proliferative disorders of the knee. Poster No.: C-1209 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: S. Sivasubramanian; Tamil Nadu/IN Keywords: Imaging sequences,
More informationAutoimmune Diseases. Betsy Kirchner CNP The Cleveland Clinic
Autoimmune Diseases Betsy Kirchner CNP The Cleveland Clinic Disclosures (financial) No relevant disclosures Learning Objectives Explain the pathophysiology of autoimmune disease Discuss safe administration
More informationMR Tumor Staging for Treatment Decision in Case of Wilms Tumor
MR Tumor Staging for Treatment Decision in Case of Wilms Tumor G. Schneider, M.D., Ph.D.; P. Fries, M.D. Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany
More information1.0 Abstract. Title. Keywords. Rationale and Background
1.0 Abstract Title A Prospective, Multi-Center Study in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients on Adalimumab to Evaluate its Effect on Synovitis Using Ultrasonography in an Egyptian Population Keywords Synovitis
More informationBrain Atrophy. Brain Atrophy
Aging Central Nervous System Processes Age related brain atrophy Non-age related brain atrophy Cerebrovascular disease Cerebral infarction Hypertensive hemorrhage Carotid artery stenosis and occlusion
More informationMagnetic resonance imaging of femoral head development in roentgenographically normal patients
Skeletal Radiol (1985) 14:159-163 Skeletal Radiology Magnetic resonance imaging of femoral head development in roentgenographically normal patients Peter J. Littrup, M.D. 1, Alex M. Aisen, M.D. 2, Ethan
More informationFOR CMS (MEDICARE) MEMBERS ONLY NATIONAL COVERAGE DETERMINATION (NCD) FOR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING:
National Imaging Associates, Inc. Clinical guidelines BONE MARROW MRI Original Date: July 2008 Page 1 of 5 CPT Codes: 77084 Last Review Date: September 2014 NCD 220.2 MRI Last Effective Date: July 2011
More informationThe Evidence for Magnetic Resonance Imaging as an Outcome Measure in Proof-of-Concept Rheumatoid Arthritis Studies
OMERACT 7 Special Interest Group The Evidence for Magnetic Resonance Imaging as an Outcome Measure in Proof-of-Concept Rheumatoid Arthritis Studies PHILIP G. CONAGHAN, FIONA M. McQUEEN, CHARLES G. PETERFY,
More informationMR Imaging Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Educational Review
MR Imaging Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Educational Review Poster No.: C-1598 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: R. J. Makanji, R. Kedar, S. Anderson, N. Prakash, N. Rao;
More informationMRI IN NONOSSEOUS ABNORMALITIES OF THE FOREFOOT: A PICTORIAL REVIEW
MRI IN NONOSSEOUS ABNORMALITIES OF THE FOREFOOT: A PICTORIAL REVIEW I Delgado, P Melloni, M Veintemillas, R Valls, M Vilagran, A Valera UDIAT. Sabadell (Barcelona). Spain. PURPOSE To catalog the wide spectrum
More informationBiology. Dr. Khalida Ibrahim
Biology Dr. Khalida Ibrahim BONE TISSUE Bone tissue is a specialized form of connective tissue and is the main element of the skeletal tissues. It is composed of cells and an extracellular matrix in which
More information醫用磁振學 MRM 肌肉骨骼磁振造影簡介 肌肉骨骼磁振造影. 本週課程內容 General Technical Considerations 肌肉骨骼磁振造影簡介 盧家鋒助理教授國立陽明大學生物醫學影像暨放射科學系
本週課程內容 http://www.ym.edu.tw/~cflu 肌肉骨骼磁振造影簡介 醫用磁振學 MRM 肌肉骨骼磁振造影 盧家鋒助理教授國立陽明大學生物醫學影像暨放射科學系 alvin4016@ym.edu.tw MRI of the musculoskeletal system (5th/6th edition) Editor: Thomas H. Berquist MD 2 General
More informationSilicone PIP, MCP & MCP-X (PreFlex)
Silicone PIP, MCP & MCP-X (PreFlex) Finger Joint Arthroplasty Operative Technique Silicone PIP Silicone MCP Silicone PreFlex (MCP-X) Stryker Disclaimer This publication sets forth detailed recommended
More informationUPDATE ON MRI OF SPONDYLOARTHRITIS. PART ONE: THE SACRO-ILIAC JOINT
JR TR, 2014, 97: 222-227. UPDTE ON MRI OF SPONDYLORTHRITIS. PRT ONE: THE SCRO-ILIC JOINT.C. Vande erg, P. Omoumi,. Larbi, F. Lecouvet, J. Malghem 1 In recent years, there has been an increased trend toward
More informationMRI of Diabetic foot - appearances and mimics, a pictorial review
MRI of Diabetic foot - appearances and mimics, a pictorial review Poster No.: C-0526 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: R. Dutta, M. George; Singapore/SG Keywords: Musculoskeletal joint,
More informationSilicone Finger Implant
Silicone Finger Implant Manufactured from high tear resistant implant grade silicone Surgical Technique Eleven, evenly scaled sizes for comprehensive anatomical fit Simple, precise instrumentation Designed
More informationMulticentric localized giant cell tumor of the tendon. sheath
Multicentric localized giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath Toshihiro Akisue, Tetsuji Yamamoto ( ), Teruya Kawamoto, Toshiaki Hitora, Takashi Marui, Tetsuya Nakatani, Takafumi Onga, and Masahiro Kurosaka.
More informationArthrographic study of the rheumatoid knee.
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 1981, 40, 344-349 Arthrographic study of the rheumatoid knee. Part 2. Articular cartilage and menisci KYOSUKE FUJIKAWA, YOSHINORI TANAKA, TSUNEYO MATSUBAYASHI, AND FUJIO
More informationSKELETAL STRUCTURES Objectives for Exam #1: Objective for Portfolio #1: Part I: Skeletal Stations Station A: Bones of the Body
SKELETAL STRUCTURES Objectives for Exam #1: 1. Provide information on the various structures and functions of the skeletal system. 2. Describe various skeletal system disorders, including imaging techniques
More informationAn Explanation for the Apparent Dissociation Between Clinical Remission and Continued Structural Deterioration in Rheumatoid Arthritis
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM Vol. 58, No. 10, October 2008, pp 2958 2967 DOI 10.1002/art.23945 2008, American College of Rheumatology An Explanation for the Apparent Dissociation Between Clinical Remission and
More informationT he ability to predict accurately prognosis at presentation
555 EXTENDED REPORT MRI of the wrist in early rheumatoid arthritis can be used to predict functional outcome at 6 years N Benton, N Stewart, J Crabbe, E Robinson, S Yeoman, F M McQueen... See end of article
More informationMRI XR, CT, NM. Principal Modality (2): Case Report # 2. Date accepted: 15 March 2013
Radiological Category: Musculoskeletal Principal Modality (1): Principal Modality (2): MRI XR, CT, NM Case Report # 2 Submitted by: Hannah Safia Elamir, D.O. Faculty reviewer: Naga R. Chinapuvvula, M.D.
More informationOMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. Summary of OMERACT 6 MR Imaging Module
2002-949-1 OMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. Summary of OMERACT 6 MR Imaging Module FIONA McQUEEN, MARISSA LASSERE, JOHN EDMONDS, PHILIP CONAGHAN, CHARLES PETERFY, PAUL BIRD,
More informationRadiography is the standard technique used to monitor the longterm progression of cartilaginous degradation and bone erosions in patients with rheumat
Note: This copy is for your personal non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies for distribution to your colleagues or clients, contact us at www.rsna.org/rsnarights. Philipp Peloschek,
More informationWhat is the additional value of MRI of the foot to the hand in undifferentiated arthritis to predict rheumatoid arthritis development?
Dakkak et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy (2019) 21:56 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-019-1845-7 RESEARCH ARTICLE What is the additional value of MRI of the foot to the hand in undifferentiated arthritis
More informationChapter 4 describes the results of systematic literature review of the diagnostic validity
Summary The main aim of this thesis was to contribute to the diagnostics of SI joint pain. We performed anatomical and clinical research next to a systematic literature review regarding diagnostic criteria
More informationRheumatoid Arthritis. Manish Relan, MD FACP RhMSUS Arthritis & Rheumatology Care Center. Jacksonville, FL (904)
Rheumatoid Arthritis Manish Relan, MD FACP RhMSUS Arthritis & Rheumatology Care Center. Jacksonville, FL (904) 503-6999. 1 Disclosures Speaker Bureau: Abbvie 2 Objectives Better understand the pathophysiology
More information36 1 The Skeletal System Slide 1 of 40
1 of 40 The Skeleton All organisms need structural support. Unicellular organisms have a cytoskeleton. Multicellular animals have either an exoskeleton (arthropods) or an endoskeleton (vertebrates). 2
More informationActive (acute) inflammation on MRI highly suggestive of sacroiliitis associated with SpA
MRI findings of active and chronic sacroiliitis in light of recent ASAS criteria for diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis: what the radiologist should know Poster No.: C-1955 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational
More informationJoint Injuries and Disorders
Joint Injuries and Disorders Introduction A joint is where two or more bones come together. Your joints include the knees, hips, elbows and shoulders. There are many types of joint disorders, including
More informationChapter 24. Arthroscopic Thumb Carpometacarpal Interposition Arthroplasty. Introduction. Operative Technique. Patient Preparation and Positioning
Chapter 24 Arthroscopic Thumb Carpometacarpal Interposition Arthroplasty Introduction Osteoarthritis in the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint is a common condition, especially in women over 60 years of
More informationBone marrow edema and osteitis in rheumatoid arthritis: the imaging perspective
REVIEW Bone marrow edema and osteitis in rheumatoid arthritis: the imaging perspective Fiona M McQueen* Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging bone marrow edema is an imaging feature that has been described
More informationSHORTLY AFTER ITS FIRST DEpiction
OBSERVATION Seven-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging New Vision of Microvascular Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis Yulin Ge, MD; Vahe M. Zohrabian, MD; Robert I. Grossman, MD Background: Although the role
More informationWhite Rose Research Online URL for this paper: Version: Accepted Version
This is a repository copy of The OMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scoring System: Updated Recommendations by the OMERACT MRI in Arthritis Working Group. White Rose Research
More informationThe relationship between soft tissue swelling, joint space narrowing and erosive damage in hand X-rays of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatology 2001;40:297±301 The relationship between soft tissue swelling, joint space narrowing and erosive damage in hand X-rays of patients with rheumatoid arthritis J. Kirwan, M. Byron and I. Watt
More informationUsing ENBREL to Treat Rheumatoid and Psoriatic Arthritis
Using ENBREL to Treat Rheumatoid and Psoriatic Arthritis Writing White Papers class Bellevue Community College TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS...2 OVERVIEW...3 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS... 3 JUVENILE RHEUMATOID
More information