Labral Tears / Femoro- Acetabular Impingement / Hip Arthroscopy/THA. Dr Allen Turnbull Hip and Knee Surgery

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1 Labral Tears / Femoro- Acetabular Impingement / Hip Arthroscopy/THA

2 Hip Anatomy Labrum Fovea Femoral Head Articular Cartilage Ligamentum Teres

3 Labral Tears

4

5 Function of Labrum Deepens acetabulum by 20% Creates a seal of the hip joint Maintains hydrostatic pressure enhancing lubrication Maintains negative pressure enhancing stability Reinforces acetabular rim Protects edge of articular cartilage

6 Labral Tears Causes FAI (50%) Degenerative Trauma Developmental Dysplasia

7 Dysplasia

8 Trauma

9 FAI Pincer Cam

10 Protrusio

11 Pincer FAI

12 Cam FAI

13 FAI

14 Labral tear Symptoms Groin pain Buttock pain Clicking Locking Stiffness

15 Labral tear Signs Restricted ROM IR in flex Positive impingement Pain with forced flex ext

16 So Anyone Groin pain Irritable hip No arthritis

17 Think labral tear

18 Investigation Xray

19 Exclude other causes of groin pain OA RhA Tumours Fractures

20 Look for anatomy that predisposes to impingement Protrusio Lateral and anterior bumps

21 Bone scan Exclude arthritis Exclude other pathology

22 MRI Exclude other pathology Look for bumps Assess chondral damage Check labrum

23 Cam Labral Tear

24 Remember Sensitivity % Specificity?? 20 % asymptomatic patients labral tear on mri

25 Remember Can have labral tear that does not hurt

26 So Symptoms and signs must fit

27 If they don t Probably something else

28 Remember Can have labral tear with negative investigations

29 So Signs and symptoms fit Other pathology excluded

30 Treatment warranted

31 Treatment Not all need surgery

32 First line Stretches Modification activity Analgesia NSAIDs Tolerance Injection steroid

33 Image Guided Intra-articular Injections with LA/Corticosteroid For diagnosis of intraarticular pathology 88% sensitive 100% specific 90% accurate

34 If first line inadequate Surgery

35 Surgery Repair labrum Resection labrum Correcting pathological anatomy Acetabular resection Removal bump

36 Surgery Open Arthroscopic

37

38

39 Technique GA Traction Table to distract hip joint Image intensification

40 Degenerate tears

41 Traumatic tears

42 Correct bony pathology

43 Acetabular Osteoplasty

44

45 Femoral Osteoplasty

46 Hip Arthroscopy Rehabilitation Plenty of advice little evidence Principles First 6 weeks Protect repaired tissue Avoid bony overload (prevent fracture) 6-12 weeks Regain ROM and normalise gait 3-6 months Strengthening and plan for return to sports

47 Rehab Protocol for Labral Repair or Femoral Osteectomy Week 1-3 Touch weight bearing Stationary bike Limit hip ROM Flexion 0-90 Abduction 0-25 External Rotation 0-25 Weeks 4-6 Partial weight bearing (25-50%) Gentle passive ROM hip within above limits Weeks 7-12 Full weight bearing Full active ROM hip and knee 3-6 months Stretching Closed chain strengthening Core strengthening Non-impact activity (elliptical trainer) progressing to light jogging 6 months Return to sports

48 FAI results in Restricted rom Labral tears Chondral damage Premature arthritis

49 Chondral damage

50 FAI is the most common cause of early onset idiopathic OA

51 Remember Arthroscopy wont help chondral damage

52 So Once there is significant chondral damage scope is not indicated

53 And that If there is a labral tear in the presence of OA Dealing with the labral pathology wont help

54 Results Labral and FAI Surgery 80% good to excellent results 80% return to sports?prevent/slow progress of arthritis Poor results with arthritic changes

55 What if there is significant OA?

56 Treatment Activity modification Wgt loss Analgesia NSAIDs

57 These fail Surgery

58 Surgery Total hip replacement

59 Remember Difficulty does not increase with severity of disease

60 Remember Results are independent of timing of surgery

61 Remember Complication rates do not increase with age

62 So Only indication for Sx is pain that justifies going through the surgery

63 THA Uncemented Good bearing surface Regular surveillance

64 Thank you

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