A New Environment-friendly Avermectin Microemulsion Formulation

Transcription

1 http / /xuebao. jxau. edu. cn Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis E - mail ndxb7775@ sina. com CS CMC OA CMC - g - OA SDS SR CMC - g - OA Ave ME ph % Ave Ave ~ 160 nm PDI 0. 3 Zeta O /W Silwet408 TQ A A New Environment-friendly Avermectin Microemulsion Formulation ZHANG Zi-yong SUN Xu-dong Department of Materials Science and Engineering Science & Industry College Jinan University Guangzhou China Abstract Based on a nature polysaccharide chitosan derivative-carboxymethyl chitosan CMC and a natural octyl aldehyde OA a water dissolvable non - ionic surface active agent-octyl aldehyde-grafted-carboxymethyl chitosan CMC-g-OA was synthesized. In addition a new environment-friendly avermectin microemulsion formulation was developed by using sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS sodium ricinoleate RN and CMC-g-OA as a compound surface active agent at room temperature. The microemulsion formulation has some advantages such as transparent appearance suitable ph thermostability better resistance for hard water and low temperature. And the efficient percentage of Ave in microemulsion measured by HPLC is up to %. The particle size size distribution contact angle for various plant leaves were characterized and examined. The results showed that the particle size of the Ave microemulsion diluted by 100 times was between 90 nm and 160 nm and the particle size distribution index was below The zeta potential was below zero indicating that the anoin carboxyl groups were distributed on the surface of the microemulsion particle and formed a O /W microemulsion. The contact angle of Ave microemulsion for various plant leaves gradually deceased with an increase of the content of the spreader Silwet 408 in the microemulsion formulation. Key words avermectin microemulsion carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles E - mail tzhangzy@ jnu. edu. cn

2 SL ME EW SC SE EC 1 1 nm nm % 9-11 chitosan CS CS CS 12 carboxymethyl chitosan CMC sodium ricinoleate SR SR SDS CMC OAaldehyde OA CMC - g - OA avermectin Ave Ave 96. 8% CMC RNA 56% 0. 2 mg /ml HLB = 8 SDS EL-20 Silwet CMC - g - OA 3 g CMC 100 ml 0. 3 g 4 ~ 8 h CMC - g - OA 1. 3 Ave 1 g 0. 5 g 1. 5 ml 4 g CMC - g - OA 1g EL g 0. 1 g 2 ml mg Ave 15 min Bruk FT - IR EQUINOX55 CMC - g - OA CMC - g - OA PET Ave GB/T ml 100 ml Ca 2 +

3 3 471 Mg mg /L 30 ± 1 1 h ph GB /T g 100 ml 100 ml 1 min 1 min ph ph GB Ave Malvern Zetasizer Nano S90 Ave zeta 5 zeta 1. 7 Ave Kruss DSA Ave Agilent 1100 Ave 250 mm 4. 6 mm C18 25 V V = ml /min 245 nm 20 μl Ave 1 mg 10 ml μm 2 CMC - g - OA OA CS CMC 15 SR 16 Ave 2. 1 CMC - g - OA CMC - NH 2 - CHO > C = N - OA CMC CMC - g - OA FT - IR 1 1 a b c OA CMC - g - OA CMC cm - N - H 1 OA a CMC c CMC - g - OA b FT - IR c cm Fig. 1 FT - IR spectrums of OA a CMC c and CMC - g - OA b CHO - C - H a - NH cm cm - 1 b - CH 2 n - > C = N - - NH 2 CMC - g - OA > C = N - - CH 2 n - CMC OA 2. 2 Ave Ave ph

4 Ave Tab. 1 The physical properties of Ave ME samples Ave Ave ME samples Apperance ph ph Value Hard water stability Low temperature stability Thermal stability A Ave B Ave C Ave A The picture of original Ave ME samples B The picture of Ave ME samples after low temperature storage C The picture of Ave ME samples after thermal storage. Fig. 2 2 Ave The pictures of Ave ME samples 12 Ave ph 8. 2 ~ 8. 4 Ave ph Ave Ave 3 A = B R 2 = ~ 80 μg /ml 1-5 Ave HPLC Ave Fig. 3 The standard working curve of Ave measured by HPLC 5 5 Ave % Ave 1. 8% 2. 3 Ave Ave 100 Zeta 3 Ave 90 ~ 160 nm Ave PDI ~ /4 Zeta

5 3 473 Ave CMC - g - OA O /W 2 Tab. 2 Ave The percent of Ave in Ave ME samples measured by HPLC Ave Ave ME samples Ave /% Weight percentage content of Ave Tab. 3 3 Ave 100 zeta Particles size PDI and zeta potential under 100 times dilution of Ave microemulsion samples Ave Ave ME samples /nm Particles size Polydispersity index Zeta /mv Zeta potential nm Ave 5 5 Ave 5 Fig. 4 Effect of dilution multiple on particle size and polydispersity of No. 5 Ave microemulsion sample Fig. 5 Effect of standing time on particle size and polydispersity of No. 5 Ave microemulsion sample h 20 nm

6 Ave Ave Ave Silwet Tab Ave 1000 Silwet408 The contact angles of 1000 times dilution containing different contents of Silwet408 for No. 5 Ave microemulsion sample on various leaf surfaces Silwet408 / / Contact angle Weight percentage content of Ave Glass Cabbage mustard Spinach Scindapsus Alocasia odora ~ ~ Silwet Silwet CMC OA CMC - g - OA CMC SR CMC - g - OA SR Ave % Ave ph Ave Nano ~ 160 nm PDI 0. 3 O /W Silwet408 Silwet408 Silwet M Hoar T P Schulman J H. Transparent Water-in-oil dispersions the oleopathic hydro-micelle J. Nature Skelton P R Munk B H Collins H M et al. Formulation of pesticide microemulsions M / /Pesticide formulations and ap-

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