Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Transcription

1 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Health Promotion and Education Program Rev , MMM Healthcare, Inc. - PMC Medicare Choice, Inc. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. MP-HEP-PPT E M&P-PRD-TEM S

2 Objectives At the end of the presentation, you will be able to: Define COPD Identify at least three symptoms of COPD Mention at least two COPD risk factors Identify at least two COPD diagnostic tests Mention at least two types of treatments to manage COPD Identify at least three recommendations to control COPD

3 1. COPD is a condition: a. That lasts a short time b. That can last an entire lifetime 2. Some COPD symptoms are: Pre Test a. Shortness of breath and excessive cough b. Difficulty chewing and swallowing 3. The most common causes for COPD are: a. Environmental pollution and smoking b. Spending time with friends and family

4 Important Facts 300 million people suffer from asthma and 210 million suffer from COPD World Health Organization, 2008

5 Statistics In the U.S., approximately 80% of COPD cases are caused by cigarette use In Puerto Rico (P.R.), COPD is the 6 th leading cause of death In the U.S., COPD is the 4 th leading cause of death Source: Puerto Rico Health Department Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta

6 What is COPD? A group of diseases that cause airflow obstruction and breathing problems Examples: Emphysema Chronic bronchitis Some asthma cases

7 What is COPD? Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Obstructive - refers to the partial blockage of air that flows in and out of our lungs - Chronic - it means that it has no cure and is long term

8 Respiratory System

9 Lungs have two main parts: Bronchus air tubes Alveolus air sacs Respiratory System When you breathe, air moves from: Bronchus to the alveolus From these air sacs, oxygen passes to the bloodstream

10 Risk Factors Smoking (includes second hand smoke) Dust Respiratory infections Air pollution

11 Signs and Symptoms Chronic cough (persistent) Cough that produces too much mucus Increased respiratory infections (colds and flu) Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity Chest tightness Wheezing

12 COPD causes: Decrease in lung airflow Increase in mucus production Shortness of breath, which may be fatal in some cases

13 Medical Conditions that cause an obstruction in airflow Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema *Both conditions cause respiratory problems.

14 Chronic Bronchitis Occurs when airways become narrow and are partially blocked by mucus which makes it difficult for air to flow to the lungs Characterized by excessive cough with mucus

15 Emphysema Occurs when alveolus (air sacs) deform and cannot hold air As a result, the body does not get the oxygen it needs

16 Diagnostic Tests Spirometry Chest X rays Arterial gas test

17 Spirometry A test that measures volume and airflow going in and out of the lungs Through this test the presence of COPD is diagnosed and confirmed

18 This is a test where a small blood sample is taken from an artery (usually in the wrist) Arterial gas Test The results indicate the levels of oxygen and other components in the blood

19 Treatment Medications used to treat COPD are called bronchodilators They facilitate breathing through different mechanisms In some cases the use of oxygen can be recommended by the physician

20 Recommendations when eating When choosing a meal, select soft foods that are easy to chew Take your time while chewing to avoid fatigue Meals should be small to avoid the sensation of overstuffing that may cause fatigue

21 Light or moderate activity Preferably everyday Exercise IMPORTANT: Before beginning any exercise routine, talk to your physician about the amount of time recommended according to your condition and tolerance. Ask us about the Patitas Calientes groups

22 Prevention of respiratory infections Vaccinate against influenza every year Wash hands frequently with soap and water Avoid contact with people who have a cold or the flu Avoid places with poor ventilation

23 Recommendations Know the medications you need to control your condition Avoid exposing yourself to irritants and pollution Quit smoking

24 In case of an emergency: Recommendations Keep emergency numbers available at all times Ask relatives to call you daily at the same time to make sure you re fine Ask your neighbors for their phone numbers in case of an emergency

25 For an immediate health consult, call us: MMM: PMC: TTY (hearing impaired):

26 For more information, call the Health Promotion and Education Program of Cuidándote Mucho Más: (Metro Area) (toll free) Monday to Friday from 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

27 Where to find aid Mental Health Department A specialized Department dedicated to integrate Mental Health care Online Member Access 7 days a week, 24 hours a day

28 Post Test 1. COPD is a condition: a. That lasts a short time b. That can last an entire lifetime 2. Some COPD symptoms are: a. Shortness of breath and excessive cough b. Difficulty chewing and swallowing 3. The most common causes for COPD are: a. Environmental pollution and smoking b. Spending time with friends and family

29 Correct Answers 1. COPD is a condition: a. That lasts a short time b. That can last an entire lifetime 2. Some COPD symptoms are: a. Shortness of breath and excessive cough b. Difficulty chewing and swallowing 3. The most common causes for COPD are: a. Environmental pollution and smoking b. Spending time with friends and family

30 References COPD Foundation Nutritional advice for people with COPD Retrieved March 1, 2013from: American Thoracic Society (n.d.) Signs and Symptoms of COPD Retrieved March 1, 2013 from: World Health Organization (n.d.) "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)" Retrieved March 4, 2013 from: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (April 22, 2009) "COPD" Retrieved July 13, 2009 from:

31 References American Thoracic Society (n.d.) "Drugs used in the treatment of COPD," Retrieved July 14, 2009 from: