VJER-Vishwakarma Journal of Engineering Research Volume 2 Issue 3, September 2018 ISSN: Phototherapy Unit

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1 Phototherapy Unit Mohammad Ali kheradyar, Nikhil Prabhakar Valse, Nitish Paresh Shah and P. K. Mathurkar. Abstract The phototherapy in the medical terminology has been an effective treatment methodology to treat certain illnesses with the exposure of light. Generally in the neonatal care, photo therapy is mainly used for treatment of neonatal jaundice in the new born babies. Almost 50-60% of new-born babies suffer from hyperbilirubinemia. If it is not treated it may result in long term effects such as brain damage, hearing loss. Phototherapy unit effectively treats hyperbilirubinemia in infants and in a non-invasive way. Idea behind this project is to develop a low cost device based on LED as a light source to provide uniform distribution of light intensity over the desired area. The primary objective of this project is to add automation to regular phototherapy unit using microcontroller. We aim to make this unit cost effective. We are implementing the unit using PIC microcontroller with LEDs with spectrum of nm which should be free from infrared frequencies. 1. INTRODUCTION Phototherapy involves exposure of a new born suffering from jaundice to a blue or cool white light having wavelength from nm. Every new born baby have some amount of bilirubin content present in his body. Sun light is a mixture of all the light frequencies therefore it s not feasible to use in phototherapy because of lack of blue light. Also over exposure of light may burn the skin of new born hyperpyrexia. Special types of light sources containing wavelengths mentioned above are very effective in the treatment of this disease. Phototherapy needs to satisfy these three criteria: a) Valuable spectrum. b) Adequately high Irradiance (The distance of the infant from the light source should be taken into consideration.) c) Large efficient treatment area. The Infant s eyes should be covered while being exposed to the light. 276

2 Figure 1. Block Diagram 2. LITERATURE SURVEY In paper [3] the detailed research and study of phototherapy & its present day drawbacks, the new idea with a nouvelle concept was implemented. Using the property of light, an obstruction to its pathway was created along with total internal reflection makes the sheet glow at a specific area of interest. In paper [1] The method proposed describes whenever a jaundice is detected in an infant, it checks for the vital conditions of the infant for ensuring the proper treatment of the new born. In paper [4] use of blue LEDs minimizes the risk of weight loss and skin damage, as they are free from ultra violet or infrared light spectrums. This unit is designed with the radiant warmers to avoid severe heat loss and incubators to keep the child in protective environment. 277

3 3. SIMULATION RESULTS Figure (2), figure (3) and figure (4) consist of three different modes in which our unit will be working. 1) Idle Mode: In this mode the display tells us what intensity and time is set before going into operating mode. Figure 2. IDLE MODE 2) Setting Mode: In this mode we give the input to the unit in terms of infant s age and bilirubin levels. We also set the time for which LEDs are going to remain ON. 278

4 Figure 3. SETTING MODE 3) Operating Mode: In this mode, the LED grid is switched on for specified amount of time. It also tells us about the intensity of the light under the panel.and also informs about the temperature inside and outside the unit to the doctor. Figure 4. OPERATING MODE 279

5 4. APPLICATION Phototherapy unit is primarily used in treat hyperbilirubinemia in infants. It is also used for treating sleep disorders It is also used to treat skin conditions like atopic dermatitis and acne vulgaris. 5. CONCLUSION We have designed the Phototherapy unit using PIC micro-controller which makes the unit less expensive. we have used LED s of wavelength nm which makes the system IR free. Also LED s make this unit more efficient as compared to fluorescent light and lamps. 6. REFRENCES [1] S.Vaishnodevi, Sujith S. Nair, Hyperbilirubinema is Treated Using L.E.D Phototherapy for Neonatals,IJSR, May [2] Sri Logeshwaran R1, Siva Kumar P3 A Novel Design of Low Cost LED. [3] Natus newborn care The Science behind the light. [4] AIIMS WHO CC Phototherapy units. 280