The Environment and Childhood Cancer: What We Know and Don t Know. Overview of Presentation
|
|
- Meredith Washington
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Environment and Childhood Cancer: What We Know and Don t Know Leslie L. Robison, Ph.D. Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control St. Jude Children s Research Hospital Memphis, TN Overview of Presentation Descriptive Epidemiology of Cancer Epidemiologic Research Design Investigations of Etiology Future Challenges Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers. Source: American Cancer Society,
2 Males and females combined. Source: NCI SEER Childhood Cancer Monograph 1.1 % of new cases annually Leading Causes of Death Among Children Ages 1-14 Years in the United States Septicemia/Other Infec 3% Pneumonia/Influenza 2% Suicide 2% Heart Disease 5% Homicide 6% Accidents 37% Congenital Anomalies 8% Cancer 12% Other 27% 2
3 Distribution of Cancer Types Among Children Ages 0-19 Years in the United States Other 9% Soft tissue 6% Bone 7% Leukemia 33% Liver 2% Kidney 3% NHL 6% Hodgkin's 2% Endocrine 8% CNS 24% 3
4 <
5 < Temporal Patterns in Childhood Cancers SEER (1974): 1% per year increase Predominantly leukemia and central nervous system International increases Role of early detection in CNS tumors Leukemia patterns remain unclear 5
6 Secular Trend in Childhood Cancer Incidence Rates Years Rate per 100, Years Year of diagnosis Strategies to Study Factors in Childhood Cancers Clusters Ecologic (GIS) Record Linkage Case-Control Studies PRE- CONCEPTION IN UTERO POST-NATAL Primary Individual [Parents] [Mother] [Child] OCCUPATIONAL MEDICAL GENERAL (e.g., household) LIFESTYLE (e.g., tobacco, diet) VIRAL/INFECTIONS 6
7 Hill s Criteria of Causation Applied to Epidemiologic Research Temporal Relationship Strength of Association Dose-Response Relationship Consistency Plausibility Consideration of Alternative Explanations Experiment Specificity Coherence Factors Investigated in Childhood Cancer Pesticides, Insecticides, Herbicides Solvents Heavy Metals Parental Occupation Radiation Diet Electric /Magnetic Fields Infectious Agents Tobacco Alcohol Medications 7
8 Factors Associated with Risk of Childhood Cancer EXPOSURE Radiation Atomic Bomb Nuclear Accident Medical Therapeutic Medical Diagnostic (in utero) CANCER TYPE Leukemia Thyroid CNS, Thyroid, Bone Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Medication Alkylating Agent Topoisomerase II Inhibitor Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Acute Myeloid Leukemia Infection Immune Stimulation Hypotheses in Childhood Leukemia Rapid cell proliferation Low exposure to pathogens resulting in decreased proliferative stress Exposure to pathogens during period of increased lymphoid proliferation Fetal Development Birth Infancy - Early Childhood GREAVES HYPOTHESIS Random mutations Live in an environment with decreased exposure to common pathogens Delayed exposure to common pathogens KINLEN HYPOTHESIS Low or no exposure to the pathogens Exposure to the new pathogens as a result of increased population mixing Study Location Leukemia Other Cancers 1979 Denver OR=2.35* All cancer OR=2.22* 1980 Rhode Island OR=1.09 Not studied 1986 Sweden OR=0.30 CNS OR=3.70* 1988 Denver OR=1.54 All cancer OR=1.53* 1989 U.K. OR=1.50 Not studied 1989 Taiwan OR=1.31 All cancer OR= U.K. OR=1.14 All cancer OR= Los Angeles OR=2.15* Not studied 1991 Australia O/E=2.00 Not studied 1993 Sweden OR=3.80* All cancer OR= Denmark OR=1.50 Not studied 1993 Greece OR=1.19 Not studied 1993 Finland SIR=1.60 All cancers SIR= Mexico OR=2.63* Not studied * p <
9 The Electromagnetic Spectrum WAVE- FRE- LENGTH QUENCY (HZ) ELECTRO- MAGNETIC FIELDS ELECTRIC POWER RADIO MICROWAVES INFRARED VISIBLE LIGHT ULTRAVIOLET X RAYS GAMMA RAYS NON- IONIZING IONIZING WHAT ARE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS (EMF)? Power lines, electrical wiring, and appliances all produce electric and magnetic fields EMFs are invisible lines of force that surround any electrical device Electric and magnetic fields have difference properties and possibly different biological effects Electric and magnetic fields weaken with distance from the source 9
10 Measured Magnet Field (ut) Relative Risk Estimate < > Magnetic-Field No. No. Odds 95% Confidence (microtesla) Cases Controls Ratio* Interval < ( ) ( ) > ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) > ( ) Promise of Molecular Epidemiology Exposure A Exposure C Exposure E Increase Risk For Genetic Lesion B Genetic Lesion D Genetic Lesion F Exposure X Genetic Lesion Y 10
11 Genetic Classification of Childhood ALL B - l i n e a g e H y p e r d i p l o i d y > 50 c h r o m o s o m e s 25 % C R L F 2 o v e r e x p r e s s i o n 6 % E R G d e l e t i o n 7 % i A M P 21 2 % E T V 6 - R U N X 1 t ( 12 ; 21 ) 25 % O t h e r s 7 % B C R - A B L 1 t ( 9 ; 22 ) 3 % M L L r e a r r a n g e m e n t s e. g., t ( 4 ; 11 ), t ( 11 ; 19 ), t ( 9 ; 11 ) 8 % L Y L 1 T A L 1 19 p 13 1 p 32 H O X 11 L % 7 % 5 q % T - l i n e a g e M Y C t ( 8 ; 14 ), t ( 2 ; 8 ), t ( 8 ; 22 ) 2 % E 2 A - P B X 1 t ( 1 ; 19 ) 5 % M L L - E N L 0. 3 % H O X q % Promise of Molecular Epidemiology Exposure A Exposure B Exposure C Genetic Susceptibility in Gene A Genetic Susceptibility in Gene B Genetic Susceptibility in Gene C CANCER Exposure X Genetic Susceptibility in Gene X Genome-wide P values for Germline Allele Frequency Differences Between the ALL Cases and the non-all Control Groups 15 n=307,944 SNPs Observed distribution (-log 10 of p value) Chromosome Trevino et al. Nature Genet 2009;41:
12 Future Considerations Regarding an Etiology in Childhood Cancers The scientific literature is replete with individual epidemiologic studies reporting selected environmental factors to be associated with an increased risk for childhood cancer. The only environmental factors that have been established to be associated with risk of childhood cancer are radiation and chemotherapy. Despite extensive investigation, no other environmental factor has been established to be a risk factor for childhood cancer. Future research into an environmental etiology of childhood cancer must adopt newer and more innovative approaches to understanding genetic mechanisms coupled with better exposure assessment. 12
EMF. Questions Answers. June Electric and Magnetic Fields Associated with the Use of Electric Power. NIEHS/DOE EMF RAPID Program
June 2002 EMF Electric and Magnetic Fields Associated with the Use of Electric Power & Questions Answers prepared by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences National Institutes of Health
More informationChallenges in studying risk factors for childhood cancer
Challenges in studying risk factors for childhood cancer Julie A. Ross, Ph.D. Professor and Director, Division of Epidemiology & Clinical Research Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota & Masonic
More informationChildhood Leukemia Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Childhood Leukemia Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Risk Factors A risk factor is anything that affects your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Learn more about the risk factors for childhood
More informationCancer Risk Factors in Ontario. Other Radiation
Cancer Risk Factors in Ontario Other Radiation OTHer radiation risk factor/ exposure Radon-222 and decay products X-radiation, gamma radiation Cancer The context where high risks were reported Magnitude
More informationPower lines, Wiring & Appliances
page 1/11 Scientific Facts on Electromagnetic fields from Power lines, Wiring & Appliances Source document: IARC (2002) Summary & Details: GreenFacts Level 2 - Details on Power lines, Wiring & Appliances
More informationWhat We Know and What We Don t Know About Radiation Health Effects
What We Know and What We Don t Know About Radiation Health Effects An Educational Briefing By The HEALTH PHYSICS SOCIETY Specialists In Radiation Safety March 28, 2001 Presentation Agenda Radiation Exposure
More informationParental exposure to environmental toxicants, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and the risk of congenital heart disease
Parental exposure to environmental toxicants, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and the risk of congenital heart disease Monica Cresci, Ilenia Foffa, Maria Giovanna Neri, Lamia Ait-Ali, Nicoletta Botto and
More information*
Introduction Cancer is complex, can have many possible causes, and is increasingly common. For the U.S. population, 1 in 2 males and 1 in 3 females is at risk of developing cancer in their lifetime. The
More informationTable E1. Standardized Mortality Ratios for Total and Specific Causes of Death Parameter Radiologists Psychiatrists No. of Deaths
RSNA, 2016 10.1148/radiol.2016152472 Table E1. Standardized Mortality Ratios for Total and Specific Causes of Death Parameter Radiologists Psychiatrists No. of Deaths Observed/Expected No. of Deaths Observed/Expected
More informationElectric and Magnetic fields in the Environment
Electric and Magnetic fields in the Environment Document No: DOC-010202-BKV Contents Chief Executive Statement 3 How Electric and Magnetic Fields Work 4 EMF and your Health 9 The Findings of Scientific
More informationA Childhood LeukaemiaCluster in Milan: Possible Role of Pandemic AH1N1 Swine Flu Virus
A Childhood LeukaemiaCluster in Milan: Possible Role of Pandemic AH1N1 Swine Flu Virus Giorgia Randi Local Health Authority, Epidemiology Unit, Milan, Italy Childhood Cancer 2012 London 26 April 2012 Outlineof
More informationAn Assessment of Health Implications Associated with Exposures to Electromagnetic Fields in and next to Hydro Corridors in the City of Toronto
An Assessment of Health Implications Associated with Exposures to Electromagnetic Fields in and next to Hydro Corridors in the City of Toronto Dr. David McKeown Medical Officer of Health Toronto Public
More informationAetiology of Childhood Leukemia
Aetiology of Childhood Leukemia Heribert Jürgens Claudia Rössig Universitätsklinikum Münster Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderheilkunde - Pädiatrische Hämatologie und Onkologie - 03 Nov 2009 Leukemogenesis
More informationRADIATION SAFETY. Junior Radiology Course
RADIATION SAFETY Junior Radiology Course Expectations for the Junior Radiology Course Medical School wants students to learn basic principles, factual knowledge, safety info, etc. Medical Students want
More informationCancer Incidence and Mortality in Los Alamos County and New Mexico By Catherine M. Richards, M.S. 8
Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Los Alamos County and New Mexico 1970-1996 By Catherine M. Richards, M.S. 8 Introduction This report was written in response to community concerns about occurrences of
More informationHealth Sciences Practice
Health Sciences Practice Current Status of Research on Extremely Low Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields and Health: Rhode Island Transmission Projects The Narragansett Electric Company d/b/a/ National
More informationEMF and Your Health. January 2012
EMF and Your Health January 2012 Contents EMF Around You Potential Health Effects International EMF Reviews Standards and Policies Further Reading 4 11 16 18 21 2 Electric and magnetic fields (EMF) are
More informationCancer risks following low-dose radiation from CT scans in childhood. John Mathews CSRP 2016
Cancer risks following low-dose radiation from CT scans in childhood New insights into effects of age at exposure and attained age John Mathews CSRP 2016 Acknowledgments Particular thanks are due to the
More informationRadiation Safety for New Medical Physics Graduate Students
Radiation Safety for New Medical Physics Graduate Students John Vetter, PhD Medical Physics Department UW School of Medicine & Public Health Background and Purpose of This Training This is intended as
More informationChapter 8. Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation
Chapter 8 Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Learning Objectives By the end of the chapter the reader will be able to: Define the terms ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation State the differences
More informationHistorical evidence that residential electrification caused the emergence of the childhood leukemia peak
Medical Hypotheses (1) 56(3), 9 95 1 Harcourt Publishers Ltd doi: 1.15/mehy..1138, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on Historical evidence that residential electrification caused the emergence
More informationDear Customer: Thank you
Dear Customer: Your inquiry about electric and magnetic fields is important to our company. As requested, I am enclosing additional information about power-frequency electric and magnetic fields. I hope
More informationRadiation Carcinogenesis
Radiation Carcinogenesis November 11, 2014 Dhyan Chandra, Ph.D. Pharmacology and Therapeutics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Email: dhyan.chandra@roswellpark.org Overview - History of radiation and radiation-induced
More informationPower Lines and Health: The Evidence and Public Policy
Power Lines and Health: The Evidence and Public Policy Christina Chociolko, Network Coordinator, NCCEH Prabjit Barn, Environmental Health Scientist, NCCEH and BCCDC Nelson Fok, Provincial Manager, Alberta
More informationRadiation Epidemiology: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
NCEH/EHSP/ Emergency Management, Radiation and Chemical Branch Presents: Radiation Epidemiology: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly John D Boice Jr National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
More informationReview EMF Epidemiology. Joachim Schüz Section of Environment and Radiation International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon, France
Review EMF Epidemiology Joachim Schüz Section of Environment and Radiation International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon, France NIR & Children s Health 2011 Leukaemia in children (1) Mechanisms & Other
More informationThink back to last big teach...
Think back to last big teach... Remember.. Last time we look at some of the properties of waves. Used terms such as wave length and frequency. Now we will apply our understanding. Topics in physics are
More informationThe Epidemiology of Leukaemia and other Cancers in Childhood after Exposure to Ionising Radiation
IMPORTANT The following is a slide show presentation, presented by Dr. Richard Wakeford at the CHILDREN with LEUKAEMIA International Scientific Conference in London, September 2004. As such it is strictly
More informationLaboratory Safety 197/405. Types of Radiation 198/405
Laboratory Safety 197/405 Types of Radiation 198/405 Particle Radiation Alpha He nucleus (heavy particle) +2 charge Internal hazard only Beta Electron -1 charge Internal and external hazard Neutron 199/405
More informationElectric and Magnetic Fields
Electric and Magnetic Fields What are Electric and Magnetic Fields? A feld describes the infuence of an object in its surrounding space. For example, a temperature feld surrounds a warm object, such as
More informationThe issue of second malignancies. Risks associated with radiotherapy UCL
The issue of second malignancies Risks associated with radiotherapy Spinocellular carcinoma of a dentist's finger QuickTime et un module de décompression QuickTime et to CD sont requis pour visualiser
More informationLecture 14 Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
Lecture 14 Exposure to Ionizing Radiation Course Director, Conrad Daniel Volz, DrPH, MPH Assistant Professor, Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health
More informationDOWNLOAD OR READ : IONIZING RADIATION EFFECTS IN ELECTRONICS FROM MEMORIES TO IMAGERS DEVICES CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS BOOK 50 PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI
DOWNLOAD OR READ : IONIZING RADIATION EFFECTS IN ELECTRONICS FROM MEMORIES TO IMAGERS DEVICES CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS BOOK 50 PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI Page 1 Page 2 systems book 50 ionizing radiation effects in
More informationOCFP 2012 Systematic Review of Pesticide Health Effects: Executive Summary
OCFP 2012 Systematic Review of Pesticide Health Effects: Executive Summary The second Ontario College of Family Physicians (OCFP) Systematic Review of Pesticide Health Effects reviewed the relevant literature
More informationDiploma Unit B - Element B7 - Physical agents 2 - Radiation February RMS Publishing. Fourth Edition November 2013
NEBOSH DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Licence details RMS Publishing Victoria House, Lower High Street, Stourbridge DY8 1TA RMS Publishing. Unit B Hazardous agents in the workplace Fourth Edition
More informationChildhood Leukemia: Peer Reviewed Analysis
Childhood Leukemia: Peer Reviewed Analysis This document has undergone peer review by an independent group of scientific experts in the field. Childhood Leukemia Gina Solomon, MD, MPH Senior Scientist,
More informationHistorical evidence that residential electrification caused the emergence of the childhood
Historical evidence that residential electrification caused the emergence of the childhood leukemia peak. S Milham, MD E M Ossiander, MS Attribute work to: Washington State Department of Health PO Box
More informationSurvey of Radiation Dose Levels in Patients in X-Ray Units of Some Selected Hospitals in Jos Metropolis
International Journal of Innovative Scientific & Engineering Technologies Research 6(4):1-9, Oct.-.Dec., 2018 SEAHI PUBLICATIONS, 2018 www.seahipaj.org ISSN: 2360-896X Survey of Radiation Dose Levels in
More informationCore Concepts in Radiation Exposure 4/10/2015. Ionizing Radiation, Cancer, and. James Seward, MD MPP
Ionizing Radiation, Cancer, and Causation James P. Seward, MD MPP FACOEM Clinical Professor of Medicine, UCSF American Occupational Health Conf May 4, 2015 Ionizing Radiation, Cancer, and Causation James
More information12 HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
12 HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT 12.1 Introduction The control of health risks from the exposure to any physical, chemical or biological agent is informed by a scientific, ideally quantitative, assessment of
More informationRadioactivity. Alpha particles (α) :
Radioactivity It is the property of an element that causes it to emit radiation Discovered by Becquerel (1896) Radiation comes from the nucleus of the atom There are three types of radiation : alpha particles
More informationEarly in Life. Noboru Takamura, M.D., Ph.D.
Health Risks of Radiation Exposure Early in Life Noboru Takamura, M.D., Ph.D. Diagnostic Radiologic Procedures In recent years, the largest source of general population exposure to radiation has shifted
More informationELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS (EMFS) HEALTH AND EMF EXPERT'S CONSENSUS STATEMENT
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS (EMFS) HEALTH AND EMF EXPERT'S CONSENSUS STATEMENT MANITOBA CLEAN ENVIRONMENT COMMISSION 305-155 CARLTON STREET WINNIPEG, MANITOBA R3C 3H8 2 HEALTH AND EMF EXPERT'S CONSENSUS
More informationCellular Telephone Use and Cancer. Recently, there has been concern that the use of hand-held cellular telephones may be
CANCER FACTS N a t i o n a l C a n c e r I n s t i t u t e N a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e s o f H e a l t h D e p a r t m e n t o f H e a l t h a n d H u m a n S e r v i c e s Cellular Telephone Use
More informationChapter III: Summary of Data for Specific Cancers
Chapter III: Summary of Data for Specific Cancers [This page left intentionally blank.] Chapter III Chapter III: Summary of Data for Specific Cancers This chapter provides detailed information on the most
More informationSIGNATURE INJURY AND CAUSATION. A Westlaw search reveals the following definitions for the concept signature disease :
SIGNATURE INJURY AND CAUSATION A Westlaw search reveals the following definitions for the concept signature disease : A so-called signature disease is one which is caused only by the product at issue.
More informationSecond Neoplasms Working Group. CCSS Investigators Meeting June 2017
Second Neoplasms Working Group CCSS Investigators Meeting June 2017 Second Neoplasms Working Group Overview Ongoing review, adjudication and entry of reported neoplasms into data set Initial review of
More informationRisk factors of childhood leukemia: the French research program
Risk factors of childhood leukemia: the French research program Dr Jacqueline Clavel Director, research unit of Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer INSERM, Paris-Sud University National Registry of Childhood
More informationRadiation Safety Bone Densitometer
Radiation Safety Bone Densitometer Outline I. State Regulations II. Fundamentals of Radiation Safety III. IV. i. Characteristics of x-ray radiation ii. Units of radiation dose iii. Biological effects iv.
More informationAdvances in Brain Tumor Research: Leveraging BIG data for BIG discoveries
Advances in Brain Tumor Research: Leveraging BIG data for BIG discoveries Jill Barnholtz-Sloan, PhD Associate Professor & Associate Director for Bioinformatics and Translational Informatics jsb42@case.edu
More informationEMFs and The Gut http://members.thedigestersdilemma.com/emfs-and-the-gut/ The 4 types of EMFs Research Gut Info Solutions 4 Types 1. Electric fields from house wiring. 2. Magnetic fields come primarily
More informationRisk, Toxicology, & Human Health
Risk, Toxicology, & Human Health tutorial by Paul Rich 1. Risks & Hazards definitions, major types Outline 2. Toxicology toxicity, dose response curves 3. Biological Hazards diseases, controlling disease
More informationEpidemiology of Glioma Quinn T. Ostrom, Ph.D., M.P.H.
Epidemiology of Glioma Quinn T. Ostrom, Ph.D., M.P.H. Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University Estimated New US Cancer
More informationBrief BIO Sam Milham
Brief BIO Sam Milham Union College BS 1954 Albany Medical College MD 1958 Johns Hopkins Univ. MPH 1961 New York State Health Dept. 1963-7 Univ. of Hawaii 1967-68 Washington State Health Dept. 1968-1992
More informationFigure 1. Comparison of Cancer Incidence Rates 1 of Individual Census Tracts with Louisiana, All Cancers Combined,
Figure. Comparison of Cancer Incidence Rates of Individual Census Tracts with Louisiana, All Cancers Combined, 006-04 The rate is statistically significantly lower than Louisiana The rate is not statistically
More informationNature of Radiation and DNA damage
Nature of Radiation and DNA damage Index 1. What is radiation? 2. Ionizing Radiation 3. Interaction of Gamma-radiation with Matter 4. Radiobiology 5. Direct and Indirect action of radiation 6. Steps of
More informationEveryday Radiation. David D. Dixon HDT Rally Hutchinson, KS October 15, 2014
Everyday Radiation David D. Dixon HDT Rally Hutchinson, KS October 15, 2014 Overview Types of radiation and radiation damage Sources of radiation Naturally Occurring Medical Energy Industry Other Man-Made
More informationEnvironment versus Genetics in Population Health: Responding to Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice
Environment versus Genetics in Population Health: Responding to Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice Diane Cocozza Martins, PhD. R.N. University of Rhode Island, Kingston,
More informationAccelerator Laboratory GENERAL EMPLOYEE RADIATION TRAINING
f Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory GENERAL EMPLOYEE RADIATION TRAINING Operated by Universities Research Association, Inc. under contract with the United States Department of Energy October, 1999
More informationD. Health and Environmental Sciences D1. Health Sciences. (1) Public Health. (2) Disease Prevention
D. Health and Environmental Sciences D1. Health Sciences GIO: To acquire the basic knowledge, skills, and behavior about prevention of diseases and nutrition in contemporary society and to contribute to
More informationChapter 12: Mass Spectrometry: molecular weight of the sample
Structure Determination: hapter 12: Mass Spectrometry- molecular weight of the sample; formula hapter 12: Infrared Spectroscopy- indicated which functional groups are present hapter 13: Nuclear Magnetic
More informationSection 1. Executive Summary
Section 1 Executive Summary The toolkit was written by public health scientists and is intended as a background document, current to 2012, to assist medical health officers and environmental health officers
More informationChapter 18: Principles of Toxicology and Risk Assessment
Chapter 18: Principles of Toxicology and Risk Assessment Kartouchken/ShutterStock, Inc. 18.1 Principles of Toxicology Many thousands of chemicals are produced each year in industrialized nations. Only
More informationEtiology of Chronic Diseases. Complex Diseases Genes and Environment Initiative
Etiology of Chronic Diseases Complex Diseases Genes and Environment Initiative Top 10 Causes of Mortality in 2003 Death Rate per 100,000 Heart disease...232 Cancer...190 Cerebrovascular disease....54 Chronic
More informationThe Environmental Causes of Cancer: A Literature Review
The Environmental Causes of : A Literature Review Premal PATEL* 1, James GOMES 2 1 Student, University of Ottawa, Canada 2 Professor, University of Ottawa, Canada * Auteur(e) correspondant Corresponding
More informationPrinciples of Radiation
RADIOACTIVE AGENTS Principles of Radiation 2 types of radiation Non-ionizing (no tissue damage) Ionizing (tissue damage) 2010 MGH International Disaster Institute 1 2010 MGH International Disaster Institute
More informationCHILDHOOD CANCER SURVIVOR STUDY ANALYSIS CONCEPT PROPOSAL
CHILDHOOD CANCER SURVIVOR STUDY ANALYSIS CONCEPT PROPOSAL 1. Study title: Subsequent neoplasms among survivors of childhood cancer not previously treated with radiation 2. Working group and investigators:
More informationCONTENTS NOTE TO THE READER...1 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS...3
CONTENTS NOTE TO THE READER...1 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS...3 PREAMBLE...9 Background...9 Objective and Scope...9 Selection of Topics for Monographs...10 Data for Monographs...11 The Working Group...11 Working
More informationCANCER 1.7 M 609,000 26% 15.5 M 73% JUST THE FACTS. More Than 1,100 Cancer Treatments in Clinical Testing Offer Hope to Patients
CANCER MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT 2018 REPORT JUST THE FACTS MORE THAN 1.7 M ESTIMATED NEW CASES OF CANCER IN 2018 IN THE UNITED STATES MORE THAN 609,000 U.S. CANCER DEATHS ARE EXPECTED IN 2018 SINCE PEAKING
More informationHealth Canada Roles and Responsibilities - Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) and Safety Code 6
Health Canada Roles and Responsibilities - Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) and Safety Code 6 Beth Pieterson, Director General, Dr. James McNamee, Research Scientist Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences
More informationOccupational Health and Safety Code 2006 Part 20 Explanation Guide
Part 20 Radiation Exposure Highlights Requirements involving exposure to ionizing radiation have been, and continue to be, part of Alberta s Radiation Protection Regulation. Section 291 complements the
More informationEveryday Radiation. David D. Dixon HDT Rally Hutchinson, KS October 13, 2015
Everyday Radiation David D. Dixon HDT Rally Hutchinson, KS October 13, 2015 Overview Nuclear Energy Industry Outlook Types of radiation and radiation damage Sources of radiation Naturally Occurring Medical
More information7/22/2014. Radiation Induced Cancer: Mechanisms. Challenges Identifying Radiogenic Cancers at Low Dose & Low Dose Rate (<100 mgy & <5 10 mgy/h)
Correlation, Causation and the Assessment of Radiation Risk From Epidemiological Investigations: The Good, the Bad & the Ugly 56 th AAPM Annual Meeting Jerrold Bushberg Ph.D., DABMP, FAAPM Clinical Professor
More informationRELIANT HOLDINGS LTD AND ITS AFFILIATES Safety Management System. Preparation: Safety Mgr Authority: CEO Issuing Dept: Safety Page: Page 1 of 5
Preparation: Safety Mgr Authority: CEO Issuing Dept: Safety Page: Page 1 of 5 Purpose The purpose of this program is to protect employees who may encounter ionizing radiation and its hazards while performing
More informationResearch proposal. The Effect of In Utero Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation from Laptop Computers. Sarah H. Khan. Infant Development
Research proposal The Effect of In Utero Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation from Laptop Computers Sarah H. Khan Infant Development Prof. William P. Fifer 12/14/2010 1 The Effect of In Utero Exposure
More informationTruman Medical Center-Hospital Hill Cancer Registry 2014 Statistical Summary Incidence
Truman Medical Center-Hospital Hill Cancer Registry 2014 Statistical Summary Incidence In 2014, there were 452 new cancer cases diagnosed and or treated at Truman Medical Center- Hospital Hill and an additional
More informationHealth Canada Roles and Responsibilities - Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) and Safety Code 6
Health Canada Roles and Responsibilities - Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) and Safety Code 6 Beth Pieterson Health Canada Union of British Columbia Municipalities September 27, 2012 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
More informationLymphoma: What You Need to Know. Richard van der Jagt MD, FRCPC
Lymphoma: What You Need to Know Richard van der Jagt MD, FRCPC Overview Concepts, classification, biology Epidemiology Clinical presentation Diagnosis Staging Three important types of lymphoma Conceptualizing
More informationWHO Research Agenda for RF fields
WHO Research Agenda for RF fields Dr E. van Deventer 1 Outline Introduction The WHO RF Research Agenda Motivation Background Content Discussion 2 3 Established in 1996 Coordinated by WHO HQ (SDE/PHE/RAD)
More informationCancer Prevention & Control in Adolescent & Young Adult Survivors
+ Cancer Prevention & Control in Adolescent & Young Adult Survivors NCPF Workshop July 15-16, 2013 Patricia A. Ganz, MD UCLA Schools of Medicine & Public Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center + Overview
More informationProceedings of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association Sydney, Australia 2007
Proceedings of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association Sydney, Australia 2007 Hosted by: Australian Small Animal Veterinary Association (ASAVA) Australian Small Animal Veterinary Association (ASAVA)
More informationCHILDHOOD CANCER SURVIVOR STUDY Long-Term Morbidity in Survivors of Childhood Leukemia with Down Syndrome Analysis Concept Proposal
CHILDHOOD CANCER SURVIVOR STUDY Long-Term Morbidity in of Childhood Leukemia with Down Syndrome Analysis Concept Proposal Working Group and Investigators Genetics Working Group & Chronic Disease Working
More informationEstimates of Risks LONG-TERM LOW DOSE EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION
Estimates of Risks LONG-TERM LOW DOSE EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION Low Level Radiation Exposure Single exposure of 10 rad or less Larger exposures delivered over periods of days or longer (low dose
More informationBIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION Natural Sources of Radiation Natural background radiation comes from three sources: Cosmic Radiation Terrestrial Radiation Internal Radiation 2 Natural Sources of Radiation
More informationCancer. Chapter 31 Lesson 2
Cancer Chapter 31 Lesson 2 Tumors All cancers are tumors- masses of tissue. Not all tumors are cancers. Some tumors are benign- noncancerous. These tumors are surrounded by membranes that prevent them
More informationPAGE 1 OF 5 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIROMENTAL MANUAL PROCEDURE: S560 Radiation Safety REV /14/2012
PAGE 1 OF 5 RADIATION SAFETY PURPOSE: A wide usage of x-ray machines and isotopes for examination of steel plate fabricated and erected structures require a knowledge of the radiation hazard and the precautionary
More informationLinking Childhood Cancer with Potential Environmental Exposure Determinants
Linking Childhood Cancer with Potential Environmental Exposure Determinants Kristen Chossek Malecki, PhD, MPH; Marni Bekkedal, PhD; Larry Hanrahan, PhD; Laura Stephenson; Mark Werner, PhD; Henry A. Anderson,
More informationNon-covered ICD-10-CM Codes for All Lab NCDs
Non-covered ICD-10-CM s for All Lab NCDs This section lists codes that are never covered by Medicare for a diagnostic lab testing service. If a code from this section is given as the reason for the test,
More informationHealth Issues Specific to Alaska Natives. Jennifer Johnson, MPH, RD, LD, and Diana Redwood, MS, MPH
Health Issues Specific to Alaska Natives Jennifer Johnson, MPH, RD, LD, and Diana Redwood, MS, MPH History In 1950, life expectancy for Alaska Natives was 46 years. In 1994-1998, it was 69 years. In 1950,
More informationCH.2 LIGHT AS A WAVE
CH.2 LIGHT AS A WAVE LW: 2.4.1 WARM-UP Students observe which types of light from the sun reach Earth s surface. (5 min) Light that Reaches Earth's Surface Earth s atmosphere can absorb some wavelengths
More informationThe Current Pediatric Oncology Landscape
The Current Pediatric Oncology Landscape An Imperative for Change Smita Bhatia, MD, MPH UAB Department of Pediatrics at Children s Hospital of Alabama Five-year Observed Survival Rates for Two Time Periods,
More informationIntroduction to the Course and the Techniques. Jeffry R. Alger, PhD Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center Department of Neurology
Introduction to the Course and the Techniques Jeffry R. Alger, PhD Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center Department of Neurology (jralger@ucla.edu) CTSI Neuroimaging April 2014 Rationale for the Course
More informationRADIATION RISK ASSESSMENT
RADIATION RISK ASSESSMENT EXPOSURE and TOXITY ASSESSMENT Osipova Nina, associated professor, PhD in chemistry, Matveenko Irina, Associate professor, PhD in philology TOMSK -2013 The contents 1.What is
More informationIntroduction to pathology
Introduction to pathology By Dr. Mohsen Dashti Clinical Medicine & Pathology 316 1 st Lecture Lecture outilne Pathology. Disease. Cell injury. Manifestations of disease. Structural diseases. Functional
More informationScreening for Breast Cancer
Understanding Task Force Recommendations Screening for Breast Cancer U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (Task Force) has issued a final recommendation statement on Screening for Breast Cancer. se final
More informationThe Environment is a Paediatric Issue. Dr. David Githanga CEH Symposium Mombasa 25 April 2018
The Environment is a Paediatric Issue Dr. David Githanga CEH Symposium Mombasa 25 April 2018 Depiction of children Egypt 3300 years ago Akhenaten and Nefertiti and their 3 daughters PARADIGM SHIFT Children
More informationThe table below presents the summary of observed geographic variation for incidence and survival by type of cancer and gender.
Results and Maps Overview When disparities in cancer incidence and survival are evident, there are a number of potential explanations, including but not restricted to differences in environmental risk
More informationLUNAR MISSION ONE. Introduction
LUNAR MISSION ONE Introduction Lunar Mission One is a public-funded project, with more than 7,000 backers from more than 70 countries and over $1m raised to date. It has wide-ranging objectives including
More informationChapter 8. Mutation Epidemiology
Chapter 8 Mutation Epidemiology Contents Page Introduction.......................................103 Validation of Measurement Techniques....................................104 Surveillance and Disease
More informationGary Myers, CIH Industrial Hygienist Argonne National Laboratory DISTRIBUTION OF M I S DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED. dlj
Gary Myers, CIH Industrial Hygienist Argonne National Laboratory DISTRIBUTION OF M I S DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED dlj ... The ELF Controversy For more than two decades, a controversy has been building about
More information