Andreas Pospischil 1

Transcription

1 Andreas Pospischil 1

2 v v v Introduction Swiss canine cancer registry Comparing data from dogs & humans in 2

3 Companion animal epidemiological study lacks companion animal data since current and prior veterinary registries are few in number and scattered [Broenden et al. 2007] 3

4 Why pet models for human cancer? Pets, i.e. dogs & cats closely share human environment Genetic/phenotypic analogy of many human and canine / feline tumour types First world countries: veterinary medical care of dogs and cats largely comparable to human medical care (diagnostic procedures, surgery,, drug 4

5 Some published animal cancer Institution Start Duration Entries registries Kansas University Neoplasm Registry Records California Animal Neoplasm Registry Tulsa Registry of Canine and Feline Neoplasms Purdue Comparative Oncology Program Cancer Registry and Surveillance System Compan. Animals yrs yrs yrs Species Dogs, horses Dogs, 30 cats Dogs, cats ongoing 170 Norwegian cancer project 1990 ongoing VetCancer Registry 1994 ongoing - Danish Veterinary Cancer Registry 2005 ongoing 1 Animal Tumour Registry Genova 1985 Animal Tumour Registry north. Italy years 3 yrs, tel. survey (dog); 494 (cat) 5 Dogs Dogs, cats Dogs, cats Dogs, cats Dogs Dogs, cats

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7 Cancer data sources for canine and feline patients in Switzerland Canine population & breed distribution in 7

8 Canine / feline cancer patient data sources Source Time period IVPZ IVPZ IVPZ IVPZ IVPZ private lab. ITP Berne Examination type p. m. (hand written) p. m. / biopsy Dog Cat X (punch cards) X X p. m. biopsy cytology X X X X X X X X X X biopsy biopsy 8

9 KEYDEX punch card 3`000 cards converted into a digital database 40 x 40 cm 9

10 Data Swiss canine & feline cancer registry: patients Species (time period) Dogs ( ) Cats ( ) Patients total (n) Cancer patients (n / %) % % 10

11 WHO: International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition Used principally in human cancer (ICD-O-3), 2000 registries for coding the site (topography) and the histology (morphology) of neoplasms, usually obtained from a pathology report. 11

12 Data on canine population and breeds in Switzerland ( ) Continuous increase of canine population from n = (1955) to n = (2008) 12

13 Number of dogs per 100 inhabitants in Switzerland 13

14 Summary / introduction Case numbers for dogs sufficient for an incidence study Case numbers for dogs and the availability of population data (CH: since 2006) sufficient for an in depth epidemiologic study 14

15 v v v Introduction Swiss canine cancer registry Comparing data from dogs humans in 15

16 Swiss Canine Cancer Registry: DVM thesis: Katrin Grüntzig Geographic distribution in Switzerland: PhD thesis in geography: Gianluca Boo 16

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18 From: Withrow and MacEwen's: Small Animal Clinical Oncology,

19 Age dependant tumor incidence (OR) of dogs compared to patients under one year of age (OR 1) 19

20 Cancer in canine breeds (OR) 20

21 Mammary gland Mammary gland Skin Soft tissue GI tract Oral cavity, pharynx Endocrine glands Male sex organs Bone, joints Mammary gland Spleen, bone marrow Resp. organs, heart 21

22 Probability (OR) for purebreds to develop a tumor compared to crossbreeds and risk to develop a malignant tumor vs. no tumor pure breeds compared to crossbreeds Tumor Malignant tumor Number of obs 90,085 Clinically moderately relevant 22

23 Breed risk to develop a malignant tumor (Odds ratio, OR) Clinically moderately relevant 23

24 Risk (OR) to develop a mammary gland tumour pure-breed vs. mixed breed dogs (OR1). Clinically strongly relevant 24

25 Risk (OR) to develop a skin tumor pure-breed vs. mixed breed dogs (OR1) Clinically weakly relevant Clinically strongly relevant 25

26 v v v Introduction Swiss canine cancer registry Comparing data from dogs & humans in 26

27 Comparing cancer data from dogs & humans 27

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29 Comparing canine to human tumor locations; significantly more canine tumors in: Oral cavity & pharynx Anus & analcanal bone, cartilage, joints Connective tissue Mamma Testis 29

30 Comparing canine to human tumor locations; significantly less canine tumors in: Stomach Intestine Liver, gallbladder Pancreas Lung Melanoma Ovary Prostata Kidney 30

31 v v v Introduction Swiss canine cancer registry Comparing data from dogs & humans in 31

32 Swiss Canine Cancer Registry: DVM thesis: Katrin Grüntzig Geographic distribution in Switzerland: PhD thesis in geography: Gianluca Boo 32

33 Canine cancer patients per Swiss Kanton 33

34 Canine patients / Swiss Kanton 34

35 Canine tumor incidence in Switzerland 35

36 Canine cancer incidences in Switzerland Cancer incidences (Quantiles) No data Identify structural zeros and filter them out from models of canine cancer incidence. Assess changes in the statistical associations associated with the filtering step. Boo G, Leyk S, Fabrikant SI, Graf R and Pospischil A Assessing effects of structural zeros on models of canine cancer incidence: a case study of the Swiss Canine Cancer Registry. [Submitted to Geospatial Health]. 36

37 Human cancer incidence in Switzerland Male Female Age Standardized Rates per Person Years Quelle: NICER 37

38 Studies using companion animals to investigate environmental causes of cancer (Bukowski and Wartenberg 1997) Study Buck 1979 Ragland 1967 Reif and Cohen 1970 Reif and Cohen 1971 Hayes et al Harbison and Godleski 1983 Glickman et al Glickman et al Hayes et al Reif et al Reif et al Type Prevalence comparison Prevalence comparison Crude Case-control Mortality correlation Crude case-control Case-control Disease Tonsilar carcinoma Case-control Prevalence comparaison Case-control Case-control Case-control Bladder cancer Seminoma Pulmonary changes Tonsillary carcinoma Bladder cancer Mesothelioma Mesothelioma Lymphoma Lung cancer Lymphoma 38

39 Acknowledgement Katrin Grüntzig, Ramona Graf, Michael Hässig, Franco 39