THERE IS A TON OF STUFF ON THE SITE & NOT ENOUGH TIME TO LOOK AT IT ALL

Transcription

1 THERE IS A TON OF STUFF ON THE SITE & NOT ENOUGH TIME TO LOOK AT IT ALL

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3 FNP Opinion & Commentary

4 CANCER & CAM Malignant Mesothelioma Possibly Due To Asbestos Exposure

5 cancer/understanding/what-is-cancer [ 8 PAGES] - A Primer

6 education/thinking-about-cam [ 13 PAGES] Basic Stuff good for family

7 Incidence & Risk Factors

8 ~30% of ALL cancers are linked to ~30% of ALL cancers are linked to ~5% ~5% ~5% ~5%

9 ~30% of ALL cancers are linked to ~30% of ALL cancers are linked to You can DO something about all but 1 or 2 of these risk factors ~5% ~5% ~5% ~5% What lifestyle choices put YOUat risk?

10 A LITTLE CONTEXT

11 TOP 10 Causes of Death #1 #1 Accidental COPD On Purpose ( 1 out of 6 ) #1 #1 COPD COPD

12 Surgeon General s Warning on Cigarette Packs

13 Surgeon General s Warning on Cigarette Packs

14 = No Routine Screening Programs, So Typically Found Too Late

15 Cancer Risk Factors Your age Cancer can take decades to develop. That's why most people diagnosed with cancer are 65 or older. Your habits Choices known to increase the risk of cancer: smoking, >1 alcoholic drink/day, excessive exposure to the sun, obesity, and unsafe sex. You have the power to lower your risk. Your family history Only a small portion of cancers are due to an inherited condition. If cancer is common in your family, it's possible that mutations or bad habits are being passed from one generation to the next. Your health conditions Some chronic health conditions, such as ulcerative colitis, can increase your risk of developing certain cancers. Your environment Your environment around may contain harmful chemicals that can increase your risk of cancer: smoking (inc. 2 nd hand), chemicals at home/work (e.g.- asbestos, benzene)

16 We don t have time to talk about ALL of these, SO LOOK THEM UP

17 ( currently being researched by NICCH) aging,

18 How do normal cells Become cancer cells? (in VERY general terms)

19 Typical Cell Chemical Signals from the Body (via the blood stream) Signals from Adjacent Cells Cell Suicide Circuit Cell Nucleus Signals to Adjacent Cells [ Personally, this is beyond me]

20 Typical Cell Chemical Signals from the Body Cancer Mutations Disrupt Regulatory Pathways Signals from Adjacent Cells Knocked Out goes rogue Cell Division goes awry Signals to Adjacent Cells Cell Nucleus

21 Very Simply Initial Initial Mutation Reactivates Cell Division Genes Normal Tissue Behavior Disrupted Abnormal Cell Proliferation Abnormal Cells Abnormal Tissues Form A Mass/ Tumor Embedded In Normal Tissues Further Mutations Disrupt Tissue Cohesion Individual Cells Invade Surrounding Tissues cells become cancerous Invasive Cells Enter The Blood Stream and Metastasize To Distant Parts Of The Body In some cases, further mutations may cause tumor cells to Look Foreign to the body s Immune System triggering Spontaneous Remission (but this isn t common)

22 In Context: In other terms: Stage I Cancer is localized within an organ [easily treated] Stage II Cancer has spread but is localized in the organ where it started Stage III Cancer has spread to adjacent organs in the same region Stage IV Cancer has spread to distant organs [difficult to treat]

23 Facts About Common Cancers

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28 If you are not getting mammograms regularly - Do it regularly e.g. 1 st shower of the month, etc.

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42 Many men refuse a DRE (the thought of it makes them uncomfortable) BUT, if you had prostate cancer, how long would you like it to go undiagnosed? (Ask your wife about pelvic exams)

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49 Check out ANY lesion that doesn t get better in a week Click for a Close Up

50 Some Cancers Are Avoidable/ Preventable

51 W.H.O. Says Processed Meat Causes Cancer The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies processed meat (e.g.-beef, pork, lamb, and goat as probable carcinogens. Processed meat (meat that has been treated in some way to preserve/flavor it) includes hot dogs, ham, bacon, sausage, and cold cuts. Processing includes salting, curing, fermenting, and smoking. Experts reviewed more than 800 studies and found eating 50 grams of processed meat (equivalent to 4 strips of bacon or 1 hot dog) daily increases the risk of colorectal cancer by 18%. Red meat increased the risk of colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. Colleen Doyle, MS/RD and the American Cancer Society Managing Director of Nutrition and Physical Activity, stated, "We should limit red and processed meat consumption to help reduce colon cancer risk and possibly the risk of other cancers as well although occasional hot dogs or hamburgers are okay. The American Cancer Society recommends a diet that limits processed meat and red meat and that is high in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains. Instead, people should choose fish, poultry, or beans instead of red meat and processed meat. Also, avoiding tobacco, getting to -and staying at -a healthy weight, getting regular physical activity, and limiting alcohol can also help people lower their risk of getting many types of cancer. The IARC report was published on-line in the October 26, 2015 issue of Lancet Oncology.

52 Some Cancers Are Contagious (i.e.-transmissible)

53 Introduction to HPV( the gift that keeps on giving ) Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States. About 79 million Americans are infected,and there are about 14 million new infections each year. About 80% of sexually active women will have had a high-risk HPV infection by age 50. Risk factors associated with infection are common to other STIs, including new and multiple sex partners and inconsistent condom use. There are more than 100 types of genital HPV; about 13 are considered oncogenic (referred to as highrisk ). Persistent high-risk HPV infection is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer precursors and cervical cancer. Currently, there is no cure.

54 Human papillomavirus (HPV) HPV is spread from human to human by direct contact (including sexual contact). There are 50+ different types = High Risk see next slides Current vaccines for teens cover either 4 or 9 different strains

55 Human papillomavirus (HPV) HPV is spread from human to human by direct contact there s no cure, and it s not going away any time soon. = new cases HPV vaccines haven t been around long enough to have a significant impact on infection rates. Currently, ~450,000 newly infected people join the pool of sexually active infectees infectees annually.

56 Condyloma acuminata, penile

57 Condyloma acuminata, vulva

58 Condyloma acuminata, anal

59 Some Cancers Are Highly Lethal

60 Internet News who tan New cases in 2016 = 76,380, Deaths = 10,130

61 Atlas of Dermatology Malignant Melanomas Malignant Melanoma: Recognized through the mnemonic, A B C D Asymmetrical contour, irregular of Border, irregular Color, and Diameter >6 mm. Sometimes an E is added for evolving. Melanomas vary from flat macules (spots) to nodules (lumps). Color ranges from flesh tints to black to mixtures of white, blue, purple, and red. Pigmented skin lesions with an evolving appearance are suspect. Malignant melanomas can exist in a superficial spreading mode for years and still be curable by excision. Once an invasive growth phase develops, however, there is a rapid spread throughout the body via the blood stream and lymph vessels. A biopsy and histologic examination is required and URGENT. On cursory exam, it can resemble a nevus. Examine CLOSELY for A-B-C-D-E.

62 Atlas of Dermatology More Melanomas Advanced Disease

63 ABCD Test [sometime an E is added for Evolving ]

64 In closing -

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