Core Wall Survey Control System. Building Height Comparison. Citus, Altus, Fortus Fastest, Highest, Strongest

Transcription

1 Core Wall Survey Control System International FIG 2006 Congress Munich, Germany, October 8-13, 2006 Joël M. van Cranenbroeck, Douglas M. Hayes, Ian R. Sparks Douglas M. Hayes Ian R. Sparks 2 uilding Height Comparison Citus, Altus, Fortus Fastest, Highest, Strongest The Empire State uilding was at the time of construction the highest building worldwide. Fastest after, only several months, another building was erected in USA beating (strongest) that record. 3 The urj Tower [UAE, 2008] Over 700 m Taipei 101 [Taiwan, 2004] 508 m Petronas Towers [Malaysia, 1998] 452 m Empire State [USA, 1931] 381 m 4 5 6

2 7 The urj Dubai Tower Dubai (United Arabs Emirates) Place : Dubai Height : 800 metres Number of Floor : 160 End of construction date : 2008 With its 800 meters height, the URJ Dubai tower will become the tallest building in the world! The Taipei 101 tower with its 508 meters, excluding the antenna mast and 101 floors. 8 Usual Conditions In addition to being very tall it will be quite slender and during the construction there is a lot of movement of the building at upper levels mainly due to : Wind loads, Crane loads, Construction sequence and Other factors 9 10 Survey mark Map coordinate reference layer Under Stresses Heavy Wind Cranes Sun Radiation 11 Survey mark Map coordinate reference layer 12

3 13 14 Where are the control points? A Control Points ADJUSTMENT +/ Where are the control points? 17 18

4 19 It s all about gravity When the tower will move G G 20 When the tower will move Active GPS ased Control Point Concept X t Y t Z t X t Y t Z t Automatique Total Station X t Y t Z t x o y o z o GPS Active Control Point G 1. The TPS measures on the prism/gps - compensator OFF 2. Then measures the other points on the formwork. 3. The GPS fixes are computed and used as «known points». New 3D Point X Station, YStation, Z Station, rot X, roty, Azimuth A 7 parameters transformation is 22 applied on the other points. Proof of Concept October 2005 Results obtained for the check point TPS1200 GPS 1 GPS 2 GPS 3 Tilted! SETUP Absolute Differences Relative Differences ΔX ΔY ΔZ Δx Δy Δz S S S S S S Tx updated : Tx updated : Ty updated : Ty updated : Check Point Tz updated : Scale Factor updated : Tz updated : Scale Factor updated : Updated Rotation Matrix Updated Rotation Matrix Rotations parameters Rotations parameters Rotation along X axis : Rotation along X axis : Rotation along Y axis : Rotation along Y axis : Rotation along Z axis : Rotation along Z axis :

5 25 26 GPS measurements are processed in «Mixed Tracks» mode using Leica LGO GPS Continuous Operating Reference Station From Laser eam to Accurate Clinometers Traditionaly a laser beam coupled with a ZNL is used to materialize the main verticale. The observed deviations are reported on the map coordinates. Leica NIVEL200 Series Overview Two-axis high precision sensor Measuring range +/- 3mrad High precision and resolution of mrad Short measuring time of 300ms Long-term stability Real-time data Inboard serial interface ( NIVEL210 ) or RS-485 bus ( NIVEL220 ) Precise information about inclination displacements 29 Ground Map coordinates 30

6 31 Performances of the Leica NIVEL200 Up to 8 NIVEL220 will be networked At 1000 meters hight, the NIVEL 200 can detect a tilt variation of maximum +/- 2.5 m with an accuracy of 1 mm. Tilt X Tilt Y z meter b a tan φ tan ω l z* b* a* T X mm T Y mm Data Modelling A ω ϕ l z ω ϕ a 35 b b = l sinϕ a = l sinω z = l a + b + z = l b tanϕ = z a tanω = z l z = 2 2 tan ϕ + tan ω + 1 b = z tanφ a = z tanω At 152 meters height Local X Axis tilt - NIVEL ΔX

7 1 37 At 152 meters height Local Y Tilt - NIVEL220 ΔY 0.05 NIVEL GPS TPS time Map Coordinates 1 hour 38 Prospectives We are compiling data for a better understanding of the near stage of construction. Up to 200 temperature sensors are already implemented and the number will be expanded. Wind speed sensors will be deployed soon. A dynamic functional model is developping to «predict» building behaviours. Other concepts will be investigated, tested and implemented. Other sensors will be evaluated as well as new positioning systems 39 40