Global Standards Engineering Policy & Procedure

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Coleen Roberts
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1 Global Standards Engineering Policy & Procedure Revision History Number: G2-3 Section: G Subject: Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure 1. SCOPE This procedure describes the technique, materials and acceptance standards for the detection of surface discontinuities using either the water washable or the solvent removable visible liquid dye penetrant method in accordance with the requirements of ASME VIII and ASME V, article 6. Dye penetrant as described herein shall be used to examine wrought and cast materials, weldments and overlays as specified. 2. PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS 2.1 Personnel performing non-destructive examinations to this procedure shall be qualified and certified in accordance with the requirements of recommended practice SNT-TC-1A. 2.2 Examination shall be performed by Level II or Level III personnel or under guidance of Level II or Level III personnel. Evaluation of indications shall be made by Level II or Level III. 2.3 The examination report shall be signed off by a Level II or Level III operator. 2.4 Personnel qualification records shall be maintained on file by the organization performing liquid penetrant examination.. 3. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 3.1 The solutions mentioned in this procedure shall be used in accordance with manufacturer s instructions furnished with the materials for penetrant examination. Highly volatile solvents shall be used cautiously, since their vapors may be toxic and the liquids may irritate the skin. 3.2 The penetrant materials described in this procedure have low flash points and must not be heated, used near an open flame, or used on hot metal surfaces. 4. APPROVED PENETRANT MATERIALS 4.1 For the methods as described in this procedure one of the following combinations of materials shall be used. NOTE: Only penetrant-developer combinations from the same manufacturer may be used together. Never use materials from different brands during one examination Water-washable penetrant materials: Brand Name Penetrant Developer Ardrox 907 PB 9D1B Diffu-Therm BDR-L BEA Magnaflux Spotcheck SKL-WP1 SKD-S2 Met-L-Chek VP-30 D-70 Sherwin Double Chek DP-50 /DP-51 D-100 Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure 1 of 5

2 4.1.2 Solvent removable penetrant materials: Brand Name Penetrant Remover Developer Ardrox 907 PB /996 P 9 PR 5/ 9 PR 551 G 9D1B Magnaflux Spotcheck SKL-SP1 SKC-S SKD-S2 Met-L-Chek VP-30 / VP-31A E-59A D70 Sherwin DP-40 /DP-51 DR-60 D SURFACE PREPARATION 5.1 Surfaces to be examined and any adjacent area within at least 25 mm (1 inch) of the surface to be examined shall be clean, dry and free of any dirt, grease, oil, lint, scale, welding flux, spatter or any extraneous matter that would obscure surface openings or otherwise interfere with the penetrant examination. Penetrant examination normally shall be performed prior to any form of surface finish or preparation such as shot-peening, plating or painting. 5.2 In general, satisfactory results may be obtained when the surface is in the as-welded, as-rolled, as-cast or as-forged condition. In some cases, however, surface preparation by grinding or machining may be necessary when surface irregularities would otherwise mask the indication of unacceptable discontinuities. When used, grinding shall be done using aluminum oxide or silicon carbide verified bonded wheels or carbide cutters. Final surface finishing may be done using aluminum oxide or silicon carbide emery cloth. CAUTION: Blasting that cause peening of surface discontinuities shall not be used prior to liquid penetrant examination. 5.3 Typical cleaning agents which may be used are detergents, organic solvents, descaling solutions and paint removers. Degreasing and ultrasonic cleaning methods may also be used. Cleaning agents shall be free of halogens such as fluorides, chlorides and sulfur except for traces. 5.4 Surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned of extraneous material by wire brushing or manual solvent degreasing with approved materials. As a final cleaning operation, each surface shall be sprayed, wiped or brushed with new or re-distilled acetone or thinner, and thoroughly dried by removing the excess with a clean, lint free, non-synthetic, dry cloth or absorbent paper and allowing the remainder to evaporate for a minimum of five minutes. 5.5 For work on austenitic stainless steels and nickel based alloys, grinding wheels and austenitic stainless steel wire brushes shall be either new or previously used only on austenitic stainless steel or nickel based alloys. 6. EXAMINATION SEQUENCE 6.1 Application of Penetrant The surface to be tested shall be thoroughly and uniformly coated with penetrant by spraying, brushing, or immersion and shall be kept completely wetted for a minimum of 10 minutes and a maximum of 30 minutes. When using compressed-air-type apparatus for spraying, filters shall be placed on the upstream side near the air inlet to prevent contamination. Any complete drying of penetrant during this time shall require re-cleaning and repeating of the test Maximum penetration requires that the penetrant and the test surface temperature shall never be less than 16 C (60 F) nor above 52 C (125 F). Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure 2 of 5

3 6.2 Removal of Excess Penetrant Solvent Removable Penetrant: 1. As much excess penetrant as possible shall be removed by first wiping the surface thoroughly with a clean, dry, lint-free, non-synthetic cloth or absorbent paper. 2. The remaining excess penetrant shall be removed by wiping the surface with a clean, dry, lint-free, non-synthetic cloth or absorbent paper dampened with the penetrant remover. Care shall be taken to avoid removal of penetrant from discontinuities. Flushing of the surface with any liquid following application of the penetrant and prior to developing is prohibited Water-Washable Penetrant Removal: 1. Thoroughly spray with water to remove excess penetrant. 2. Water-pressures over 3.5 kg/cm2 (50 PSI) or water temperatures over 43 C (110 F) shall not be employed. 3. Do not use a direct spray or jet type blasts. Water shall reach the surface at an approximate angle of Washing shall be carefully done to be certain that penetrant has been completely removed from the surface of the part; otherwise erroneous results may be obtained. 6.3 Drying (non aqueous based developer) Solvent Removable Method Surfaces shall be dried by normal evaporation, blotting and wiping with a clean, dry, lintfree, non-synthetic cloth or absorbent paper or by forced air Water-washable Method Surfaces shall be dried by blotting and wiping with a clean, dry, lint-free, non-synthetic cloth or absorbent paper or by circulating warm air provided the temperature of the surface is not raised above 52 C (125 F). 6.4 Developing (non aqueous based developer) The developer shall be applied only on a dry surface and as soon as possible after the penetrant removal operation; but the time interval shall not exceed 30 minutes Immediately prior to application, the wet developer shall be kept agitated in order to prevent settling of the solid particles dispersed in the liquid. The developer shall be uniformly applied in a thin coating to the test surfaces by spraying and allowed to develop for a minimum of 10 minutes. If safety or the geometry of the item precludes using a spray, dipping or brushing may be used provided it results in a uniform thin coat of developer. Pools of wet developer in cavities on the inspection surface shall not be permitted since these pools will dry to an excessively heavy coating in such areas resulting in the masking of indications. Drying of the developer shall be by normal evaporation. 6.5 Lighting in Test Area The test area shall be adequately illuminated for proper evaluation of indications revealed on the test surface. A minimum light intensity of 1,000 Lux (100 foot-candles) is required. The light source, technique, and light intensity is required to be demonstrated one time, documented, and all documents retained for review. Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure 3 of 5

4 7. ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA All indications shall be evaluated per the applicable Flowserve acceptance standard. Evaluation of indications will occur between 10 and 30 minutes after developer application. 8. POST EXAMINATION CLEANING Immediately after completion of the examination, the penetrant materials shall be removed by means of suitable solvents, steam cleaning or water. 9. REPORT REQUIREMENTS After examination a report shall be made giving the following information: a) Job number/purchase order number b) Part name and quantity c) Drawing, item and revision d) Item traceability number, NCR number, and operation number where applicable e) Material of the examined part and thickness f) PT procedure identification and revision/acceptance standard and revision g) Penetrant, cleaner and developer type and batch number h) Results. Non-rejectable and rejectable indications shall be recorded. The type of indications, location, and extent shall be mapped or recorded. i) Name, signature and level of examiner. When examiner is level I, the name, signature and level of the level II or level III person supervising the examination and approving the report shall be added j) If applicable, the name and signature of customer or third party inspector witnessing and accepting the examination k) Batch and/or lot number of the examination materials used l) Visible Method m) Lighting equipment n) Date and time examinations were performed 10. PERFORMANCE DEMONSTRATION A performance demonstration of liquid penetrant examination shall be performed and documented when required by the referencing Code section. When procedure qualification is specified, a change to an essential variable shall require requalification of the procedure. Reviewed and Approved By Level III or Equivalent: Mark Maurer ASNT RT Level III PT/MT Click Here for Level III Certification Documentation Issue Date: 23 November 1995 Revision Date: Issue By: A. Scherpenisse Revision Approved By: M. Maurer Approved By: Michael Mueller Leader - Technical Standards Team Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure 4 of 5

5 Revision History Description Date By Add review and signature of Level III MLM Renew Level III Signature MLM 4.1.1, Added Diffu-Therm (water) and Met-L-Chek (solvent) penetrant systems. 6.5-Added minimum light intensity of 1000 Lx. 7.0-Changed evaluation wait time from 7-30 minutes to minutes. 6.0 change 50 C to 52 C (typographical error) 9.0 Update report requirements 10.0 Added entire section 4.1.1, Added Magnaflux water washable and solvent based systems MLM MLM MLM Policy & Procedure Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure 5 of 5

Nondestructive Testing Procedure: Liquid Penetrant Testing

MOGAS INDUSTRIES, INC. Nondestructive Testing Procedure: Liquid Penetrant Testing Specification: NDT 0200 Version: 2.0 November 10, 2014 Approved by: Signature Paul T. Marks Consulting Level III ACCP Professional