Chapter 6 Review Page 1

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1 hapter 6 Review Page 1 1 Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is FLS? They both contain ribosomes. They both contain mitochondria. They are both bounded by a plasma membrane. ukaryotic cells are generally more complex than prokaryotic cells. ukaryotic cells are generally quite a bit bigger than prokaryotic cells. 2 The goal of is to take cells apart and separate the major organelles from one another. cytology reductionism cell fractionation electron microscopy bacterial transformation 3 Which of the following structures can be found in prokaryotic cells? N cytosol ribosomes plasma membrane all of the above 4 What is the function of a bacterium's pili? adhesion propulsion protection N storage protein synthesis 5 Which of these functions is associated with the eukaryotic cytoskeleton? the beating of cilia or flagella determining the shape of animal cells the contraction of muscle cells in animals maintaining the position of the nucleus in the cell all of the above

2 hapter 6 Review Page 2 6 Which of the following statements about the ratio of cell surface area to cell volume is TRU? s a cell increases in size, its volume grows proportionately more than its surface area. ells with more convoluted surfaces have larger surface-to-volume ratios than cells with smooth surfaces. ells involved in uptake of materials with their environment have large surface areas without greatly increasing their volume. ecause of limitations in the surface-to-volume ratio, larger organisms generally do not have larger-volume cells when compared to smaller organisms. ll of the above are TRU statements. 7 What is the term used to describe the netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus? nucleolus chromatin chromosomes nuclear lamina nuclear envelope 8 Which of the following INORRTLY matches an organelle with its function? lysosome : movement central vacuole : storage ribosome : manufactures proteins mitochondrion : cellular respiration nucleus : contains most of the genes 9 ells can incorporate radioactively labeled amino acids into their proteins. This "tagging" of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track the location of these proteins in a cell. Imagine an enzyme that will eventually be secreted by cells in the small intestine. Which of the following is the most likely pathway for the movement of this protein in the cell? R -> Golgi -> nucleus nucleus -> R -> Golgi Golgi -> R -> lysosome R -> Golgi -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane R -> lysosomes -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

3 hapter 6 Review Page 3 10 Which of the following is usually formed by phagocytosis? lysosome food vacuole central vacuole contractile vacuole endoplasmic reticulum 11 The central vacuoles of plant cells perform all of the following functions XPT containing pigments that color the cells. storing inorganic ions, such as K+ and l-. producing TP through photosynthetic reactions. acting as disposal sites for metabolic by-products. protecting the plant against predators by containing compounds that are poisonous or unpalatable. 12 Which statement describes a process that is NOT part of the function of the endomembrane system? Small vesicles are important to the endomembrane system. The Golgi apparatus functions in the modification and sorting of lipids and proteins. Most of the phospholipids of the endomembrane system are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Proteins that will be secreted from the cell are likely to be found in closed spaces bounded by membranes of the endomembrane system. irect physical contact among all the organelles of the endomembrane system is needed to permit movement of lipid and protein components among the organelles. 13 Which of the following organelles is NOT bound by a membrane? lysosome ribosome amyloplast peroxisome chromoplast 14 The endomembrane system includes stroma, thylakoids, grana, cristae, cisternae, and cytosol. the nucleus, ribosomes, nucleolus, chromatin, and chromosomes. mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, amyloplasts, and chromoplasts. microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, centrioles, flagella and cilia. the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, various kinds of vacuoles, and the plasma membrane.

4 hapter 6 Review Page 4 15 hloroplasts are found in all cells. plant cells only. animal cells only. both plant and animal cells. animal cells and bacterial cells, but not in plant cells. 16 The observations that chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain their own N and that they synthesize some of their own proteins using prokaryotic-like ribosomes suggests that chloroplasts and mitochondria may be of prokaryotic origin. contain two or more membranes. are part of the endomembrane system. are produced by the nucleus of the cell. are involved in energy metabolism of the cell. 17 Which of the following cellular processes or characteristics is NOT related to the cytoskeleton? contraction of muscle cells movement of cilia or flagella production of important organic compounds movement of the chromosomes during cell division transmission of information from the cell surface to the interior of the cell 18 Which of the following components of the cytoskeleton is involved in the maintenance of cell shape? intermediate filaments microtubules (tubulin polymers) microfilaments (actin filaments) ll of the above are involved in the maintenance of cell shape. None of the above is involved in the maintenance of cell shape. 19 Which statement about plant cell walls and the extracellular matrix of animal cells is ORRT? These structures play no role in determining cell shape. Sugars and nucleic acids are common components of these structures. Information can be transferred from these structures to the cytoplasm. These structures provide for cytoplasmic connections between adjacent cells. both and are ORRT

5 hapter 6 Review Page 5 20 The plasma membrane is usually regarded as the boundary of the living cell, but most cells synthesize and secrete materials of one kind or another that are external to the plasma membrane. These materials are commonly known as intracellular structures. intercellular structures. supercellular structures. supracellular structures. extracellular structures.

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