Prostaglandins. (Let s perturb pathways and see what happens!)
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1 rostaglandins (Let s perturb pathways and see what happens!)
2 roduction article hysics onsistency of dose tability ize Elegance
3 Fatty Acid omenclature ω 9 fatty acids leic acid (18:1 9 ) 5,8,11-Eicosatrienoic acid (20:3 5,8,11 )
4 Fatty Acid omenclature ω 6 fatty acids Linoleic acid (18:2 9,12 ) 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid (20:3 8,11,14) γ-linolenic acid (18:3 6,9,12 ) Arachidonic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4 5,8,11,14 )
5 Fatty Acid omenclature ω 3 fatty acids α-linolenic acid (18:3 9,12,15 ) 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 5,8,11,14,17 )
6 rostaglandin ynthesis hosphatidyl inositol 2 2 hospholipase A 2 rostaglandin synthase yclooxygenase GG 2 Arachidonic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4 5,8,11,14 ) rostaglandin synthase eroxidase G 2
7 rostaglandin ynthesis GE isomerase rostacyclin synthase GI 2 (rostacyclin) GE 2 G 2 GF 2α GF synthase Thromboxane synthase on-enzymatic TXA 2 TXB 2
8 Leukotrienes 5-lipoxygenase 5-ydroperoxyecosatetraenoic acid (5-ETE) Arachidonic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4 5,8,11,14 ) 5-lipoxygenase Glutathione Leukotriene LTA 4 A 4 hydrolase LTB 4 2 LT 4 LT 4 synthase (glutathione -transferase) Glutamate γ-glutamyl transferase Glycine LTD 4 2 peptidase 2 LTE 4
9 Lipoxins 15-lipoxygenase (15)-ETE 5-lipoxygenase hydrolase LXA 4 Arachidonic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4 5,8,11,14 ) Aspirin-acetylated cyclooxygenase-2 (15R)-ETE 5-lipoxygenase hydrolase 15-epi-LXA 4
10 uclear Receptors 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (alcitriol) 9-cis-Retinoic acid I I I 3 3,5,3 -triiodothyronine (Thyroid hormone T3) ortisol Estradiol
11 G-rotein oupled Receptors orepinephrine Epinephrine Glycogen hosphorylase cam AT hosphorylase Kinase cam-dependent rotein Kinase hosphorylase Kinase AT AD AD Glycogen hosphorylase
12 More ignaling
13 hosphatidyl Inositol hosphatidyl inositol-3-phosphate 2 2 I 3-Kinase hosphatidyl inositol 2 2 hospholipase A 2 rostaglandin ynthase (cyclooxygenase) Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (I 3 ) Diacylglycerol 2 2 hospholipase hosphatidyl inositol-4,5- bisphosphate I 4-Kinase I 5-Kinase 2 2 G2
14 teroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs 3 ortisol rednisone F Dexamethasone
15 on-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs 3 alicylic acid [2-hydroxybenzoic acid] Aspirin [acetyl salicylic acid] [2-acetoxybenzoic acid]
16 on-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Ibuprofen [2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid] Indomethacin aproxen [2-(6-methoxynaphthyl) propionic acid] l
17 harmacol Rev 56: , 2004 X Isoform Active ites
18 on-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs 2 F elecoxib [elebrex] Rofecoxib [Vioxx] Valdecoxib [Bextra] Etodolac [Lodine] 3 3 Meloxicam [Mobic]
19 Acetaminophen 3 Acetaminophen aracetamol [p-acetaminophenol] [-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide] [4-hydroxylacetanilide]
20 Acetaminophen Metabolism UD-Glucuronic acid Acetaminophen phosphoadenosine 5 -phosphosulfate (A) glucuronyl transferase sulfotransferase 3 Acetaminophen UD adenosine 3,5 -bisphosphate
21 Acetaminophen Metabolism Acetaminophen 3 cytochrome 450 (Y2E1) 3 pontaneous pontaneous γ-glu ys 3 Glutathione (reduced form) Acetimidoquinone Gly rotein-ys- pontaneous 3 ys-rotein 3
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