97 80 Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis

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1 Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, oraxella catarrhalis RT PCR Key words: RT PCR I Table OI! lu! OI! lu! 4

2 Table Number of cases with acute otitis media Season Influenza Influenza Total Total :thenumber of cases with influenza virus infection OI! lu! lu! lu! lu! IC National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards NCCLS penicillin G.6 ml PSSP penicillin susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae. ml PISP penicillin intermediate resistant S. pneumoniae ml PRSP penicillin resistant S. pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae cefaclor ampicillin PC IC LPR lactamase producing ampicillin resistant PC IC ml LNR lactamase non producing ampicillin resistant PC IC ml PC LNS lactamase non producing ampicillin susceptible OI! 8 lu! 4 4. Gelatin Eagle s E SIG penicillin G streptomycin u ml ml,. trypsin Eagle s E ardin Darby canine kidney DCK 4 CO CPE CPE RT PCR 4 RT PCR RNeasy ini Kit QIGEN RN RT PCR One Step RN PCR Kit bp II ig

3 Number of cases Number of cases ge Influenza in ge Influenza in Number of cases Number of cases Influenza in Influenza in ge ge 4 ig.. without O with O ge distribution and number of cases with influenza virus infection with and without O Table Isolates from nasopharynx and middle ear effusion NS EE S. pneumoniae 4 7 PSSP 8 4 PISP 6 PRSP 4 H. influenzae 4 7 LNS LNR LP 9 6. catarrhalis Others Negative 9 Total NS: Nasal swab, EE: iddle ear effusion :hospitalized patients S. pneumoniae 4 H. influenzae 4 oraxella catarrhalis S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae,. catarrhalis 7 S. pneumoniae 7 H. influenzae. catarrhalis Table OI! RT PCR lu! 4. Table No. 4 lu! 8 4

4 Table The positive cases of influenza virus from middle ear effusion in No Sex ge Detection kit Viral culture RT PCR acterial culture NS EE NS EE EE NS EE RSV C C, Cory PSSP, LNS, C PSSP, C PISP, C PSSP, HP, Cory LNS, C PISP, C C PSSP, LNS, C, Cory PISP, C PISP CNS PSSP PISP NS: Nasal swab, EE: iddle ear effusion :cannot isolate or detect any viral or bacterial species RSV: Respiratory Syncytial Virus C: oraxella catarrhalis Cory: Corynebacterium spp CNS: Coagulase negative staphylococci HP: H. parainfluenzae Table No. 4 III S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae,. catarrhalis S. pneumoniae H. influenzae 7. catarrhalis 64 Heikkinen S. pneumoniae S. pneumoniae S. pneumoniae 7 S. pneumoniae PRSP 4

5 Heikkinen RT PCR PCR RT PCR PRSP LNR lu! RT PCR lu! OI! 7 RT PCR lu! 4 RT PCR National Committiee for Clinical Laboratory Standards: ethods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bactera that grow aerobically: approved standard th ed; 7 NCCLS Wayne Pennsylvania US Cherian T obo L Steinhoff C et al.: Use of PCR enzyme immunoassay for identification of influenza virus matrix RN in clinical samples negative for cultivable virus. J Clin icrobiol : Heikkinen T Thint Chonmaitree T: Prevalence of various respiratory viruses in the middle ear during acute otitis media. N Engl J ed 4: : 4: : JOHNS : Heikkinen T Chonmaitree T: Increasing importance of viruses in acute otitis media. nn ed : Chonmaitree T Heikkinen T: Role of viruses in middle ear disease. nn N Y cad Sci. 8: Chonmaitree T Owen J Patel J et al.: Effect of viral respiratory tract infection on outcome of acute otitis media. J Pediatr : Chonmaitree T Owen J Howie V : Respiratory viruses interfere with bacteriologic response to antibiotic in children with acute otitis media. J Infect Dis 6: : ELIS 7: : 7: : POCT :

6 cute otitis media associated with influenza virus infection Hisakazu Yano itsuko Suetake Hiroko Endo Reiko Takayanagi and Toshimitsu Kobayashi 4 Department of Otolaryngology Tohoku Rosai Hospital 4 Dainohara oba ku Sendai Japan Virus Research Center National Sendai Hospital Department of Pediatrics Tohoku Rosai Hospital 4 Department of Otolaryngology Tohoku University Graduate School of edicine We studied 99 children who were diagnosed as having acute otitis media O associated with influenza and virus infection at the Department of Otolaryngology and Pediatrics Tohoku Rosai Hospital from ebruary to ay Season and from January to June Season The incidence of O were.9 of influenza and.7 of influenza in Season and 8. of influenza and 7. of influenza in Season. The mean age of O were.4 years old of influenza and.ofinfluenzain Season and.7 of influenza and.9 of influenza in Season. In children below yearsof age the incidence of O was higher 8.7In 97 cases 4 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae 4 of Haemophilus influenzae and 64 of oraxella catarrhalis were recovered from the nasal swab. In contrast only isolates of S. pneumoniae 7 ofh. influenzae and of. catarrhalis were recovered from the middle ear effusion EE in 8 cases. In 9 cases of influenza in Season in which influenza virus antigen detection from EE were performed byusing detection kit 7 cases were positive. In 4 cases of influenza in Season in which influenza virus antigen detection from EE were performed by using detection kit viral culture or RT PCR cases were positive in some methods. In cases of influenza in Season by detection kit or viral culture 6 caseswerepositive. In conclusion the cases with influenza virus infection were a high risk of O especially infant and young children. Our results suggest in some cases of influenza virus infection the main etiology of O is influenza virus.