Ministry of Health DEPARTMENT FOR ANIMAL PUBLIC HEALTH, NUTRITION AND FOOD SAFETY WEST NILE DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN ITALY
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1 Ministry of Health DEPARTMENT FOR ANIMAL PUBLIC HEALTH, NUTRITION AND FOOD SAFETY WEST NILE DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN ITALY
2 West Nile Disease in Italy 1998 outbreaks Ministerial decree November, 29, 2007 National surveillance plan Early warning system (sentinels, surveillance on wild birds and entomological surveillance, data transmission online system) 2008 outbreaks Ministerial order november,, 5, 2008 Special surveillance plan Ministerial decree september, Surveillance plan outbreaks Update ministerial decree september 15, 2009 Surveillance plan /09/2010 Animal Health Division 2
3 First outbreak in Italy: 1998 An epidemic of WNV encephalitis occurred in Italy during the late summer 1998: in proximity of Fucecchio marshes,, a wetland area in the ValdiNievole Valley, Tuscany; 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 3
4 Areas with virus circulation in 2008 and surveillance area in the Order of november /09/2010 Animal Health Division 4
5 WND virus circulation in /09/2010 Animal Health Division 5
6 WND wild birds /09/2010 Animal Health Division 6
7 Areas with virus circulation in 2009 and surveillance area in /09/2010 Animal Health Division 7
8 WND virus circulation in 2009 Equidi nei focolai Regioni Emilia Romagna Province N. Focolai N. Focolai con sintomi clinici Presenti Casi totali Ferrara ,50% 2,80% 33,30% Modena ,00% 3,50% 18,20% Parma ,70% 3,40% 33,30% Reggio Emilia ,10% 2,00% 25,00% Venezia Giulia Udine ,20% 0,00% 0,00% Lazio Latina ,90% 0,00% 0,00% Lombardia Mantova ,80% 4,00% 28,60% Toscana Arezzo ,00% 8,30% 0,00% Padova ,30% 0,00% 0,00% Rovigo ,60% 0,00% 0,00% Veneto Treviso ,00% 0,00% 0,00% Venezia ,40% 0,00% 0,00% Verona ,10% 0,00% 0,00% Vicenza ,30% 0,00% 0,00% Totale ,80% 2,60% 24,30% Con segni clinici Morti/abbattuti Prevalenza casi totali Prevalenza casi clinici Letalità 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 8
9 Phylogenetic analysis Savini G., Monaco F., Calistri P., Lelli R Phylogenetic analysis of West nile virus isolated in Italy in Euro Surveill, 13(48), pii: /09/2010 Animal Health Division 9
10 Areas at risk included in the WND national surveillance plan 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 10
11 WND suspected case definition Equidae with ataxia or unexpected dead in infected area or showing at least two of the following symptoms: Circle movements Rear limbs weakness Impossibility to mantain four-footed position Limbs paralysis Muscles tremors Sensitivity deficits Blindness Paralysis of facial/labial muscles Teeth grinding Equidae not showing symptoms, serologically positive (Elisa test) new provision laid down in the Order of the Ministry of concerning the extraordinary surveillance plan. 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 11
12 WND confirmed case definition A suspected case is confirmed when its sample is positive at one of the confirmation tests (SN PCR) carried out by the National Reference Laboratory for Exotic Diseases IZS Teramo 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 12
13 Surveillance activities: strengthening in the area at risk in 2008 Following the confirmation of first outbreak, the following surveillance activities were activated in the area at risk and laid down in an Order of the Ministry 5 November 2008: Surveillance on neurological cases in horses Surveillance on wild birds found dead or captured within the framework of other monitoring plans (e.g. avian influenza) Test of sentinel chickens and horses Test of bovine sentinel animals selected within the framework of bluetongue surveillance plan Test of horses selected within the framework of Equine Infectious Anemia surveillance plan Voluntary inactivated vaccination 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 13
14 situation First cases: 5 horses (suspect 23 August 2010 Sicily - Trapani) confirmed by national reference laboratory NRL confirmed: 1 PCR + on Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) captured in Modena Province 5 PCR + on 5 pools of mosquito captured in Venice and Rovigo Provinces 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 14
15 Horses surveillance /09/2010 Animal Health Division 15
16 Horses surveillance /09/2010 Animal Health Division 16
17 2010 outbreaks 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 17
18 2010 outbreaks 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 18
19 2010 Sicily outbreaks The area is classified as a no risk area. Further investigations should be carried out by local health authorities on farms and in areas surrounding the outbreak (4 km radius) in order to define the area of spreading the virus. 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 19
20 Thanks! 09/09/2010 Animal Health Division 20
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