OIE listed diseases Proposed changes. Brit Hjeltnes Aquatic Animal Health Standards Commission The OIE

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1 OIE listed diseases Proposed changes Brit Hjeltnes Aquatic Animal Health Standards Commission The OIE

2 Listed Diseases Safe movement Safe trade The OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code The OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals

3 Criteria Listed Diseases CONSEQUENCES 1.The disease has been shown to cause significant production losses at a national or multinational (zonal or regional) level OR 2.The disease has been shown to or scientific evidence indicates that it is likely to cause significant morbidity or mortality in wild aquatic animal populations. OR 3. The agent is of public health concern

4 Criteria AND Listed Diseases B. SPREAD 4. The infectious aetiology of the disease is proven. Preliminary control zone - VHS OR 5. An infectious agent is strongly associated with the disease, but the aetiology is yet not known. AND6. Likelihood of international spread, including via live animals, their products or fomites. AND 7. Several countries or countries with zones may be declared free of the disease based on the general surveillance principles outlined in Chapter 1.4 of the Aquatic Code.

5 Criteria Listed Diseases AND C. DIAGNOSIS A repeatable and robust means of detection/ diagnosis exist.

6 Listed Diseases Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) should remain listed and renamed: Infection with Aphanomyces invadans (EUS)

7 Infections with Aphanomyces invadans (EUS) Background: OIE member comments Proposal to delist the disease (Canada) OIE ad hoc group OIE AAHSC meetings OIE member comments General assambly

8 CONSEQUENCES OIE ad hoc group Serious disease of great economical importance especially in Asia (FAO) both in farmed and in wild populations.

9 B. SPREAD The infectious etiology of the disease is proven. A.invadans is a necessary cause of EUS, but many predisposing factors contribute to the severity of the outbreak. Likelihood of international spread, including live animals, their products or fomites (Oidtmann, EFSA) Several countries/zones may be declared free of the disease (Several African countries

10 DIAGNOSIS LM Histopathology Cultivation of A. invadans PCR EM Targeted surveillance: Water temperatures C, twice a year, gross signs

11 Listed Diseases Salmonide alphavirus (SAV) has been proposed by the AASC as a listed disease

12 Infections with Salmonide alphavirus (Salmon Pancreas Disease) OIE ad hoc group May GS 2013: Propose for adaption September 2013: If adopted for listing, develop Code chapter January 2014: If adopted for listing; listed disease

13 Serious disease of great economical importance especially in Norway, Scotland and Ireland (Tri- Nation initiative) CONSEQUENCES

14 SPREAD The infectious etiology of the disease is proven. Likelihood of international spread (SAV-2). Vertical transmission not very likely Several countries/zones may be declared free of the disease (Chile)

15 BERGEN

16 DIAGNOSIS Histopathology Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Real-time PCR Cultivation Serum neutralization assay

17 OIE definition of emerging diseases Newly recognized infection Evolution/change from an existing pathogenic agent Spread to new geographic area or population Previously unrecognized

18 Emerging Diseases In place in The Aquatic Code since 2005 The first diseases listed under this article in 2007 Abalone viral mortality, white tail disease and milky haemolymph of spiny lobster. Abalone viral mortality and white tail disease listed Article Milky haemolymph of spiny lobster was after a period delisted

19 Emerging diseases Ostreid herpes virus-1 mikrovariant (OsHV- µvar) is proposed as a new emerging disease

20 Ostreid herpes virus-1 mikrovariant Increased mortality in Pacific oysters Mortality in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) increased since 2008 in some areas of Ireland, France, the Netherlands and the UK. Investigations suggested that a new strain of ostreid herpesvirus-1 - OsHV-1 μνar is the cause.

21 EFSA Journal 2010;8(11):1894 SCIENTIFIC OPINION Scientific Opinion on the increased mortality events in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas1 EFSA Panel on Animal Health and welfare (AHAW)2, 3 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy OsHV-1 μνar

22 Time schedule All member comments received supported the listing as an emerging disease. Recommendation by the AAC to the members. General assembly in May 2013 If adopted; listed in

23 No specific Aquatic Code chapter would be developed. However, given that an Aquatic Manual chapter (2.4.9) was adopted in 2012, AAC proposed amendments to this to ensure alignment with the proposal. Case definition for inclusion in the Manual chapter in line with the Code chapter.

24 Naming of diseases Infectious salmon anaemia Infection with infectious salmon anaemia virus Infection with: Aphanomyces invadans Salmonide alphavirus Ostreid herpes virus-1 mikrovariant

25 Susceptible species The AAC developed a new draft Chapter XX for the Code based on the Criteria for Listing Aquatic Animal Species as Susceptible to Infections with a Specific Pathogen that had been developed. Scope: The scope of these guidelines is to provide criteria to determine which species should be listed as susceptible species to listed infectious agents. These guidelines do not provide criteria for identifying mechanical vectors (i.e. species that may carry the pathogen without replication.

26 Surveillance Ad hoc Group on Aquatic Animal Health Surveillance Three documents presented as working examples on how to develop surveillance systems - Infections with Bonamia ostreae - White spot disease - Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia Review aap and published on Commission web page with ISBN number.

27 Strain Differentiation New proposal for infections with infectious salmon anaemia virus: HPR- deleted and HPR0

28 Thank you!