Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC SWINE ARE DIVINE

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1 Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Bringing Agriculture to Education SWINE ARE DIVINE Curriculum Resource for Grades K-4 Fall 2011 Busy Barns Farm provides an agricultural based education program each season in order to broaden the knowledge base of elementary aged students.

2 Table of Contents: Page # Notes to the Teacher 3 Lesson #1: The Amazing Pig (video) 4-7 Trivial Pigsuit - worksheet & key 8-9 It s a Pigs Life - reading It s a Pigs Life - worksheet and key Parts of the Pig - worksheet 14 Weather on the Farm - worksheet 15 Raising Pigs - worksheet 16 About Pigs - booklet Popular Commercial Swine Breeds - reading What Kinds of Pig Am I? - worksheet and key Math Decoder - worksheets Pig House Math - worksheet 26 Lesson #2: This Little Pig (vocabulary) This Little Pig - worksheets Talk Like a Pork Producer - worksheets and key Vocabulary Pig Pattern Practice - worksheet New Pig Words - worksheet 37 Talk Like a Pork Producer Crossword Lesson #3: Busy Barns Acres of Adventures 40 Lesson #4: Trip Review Truth or Hogwash!? Corn Maze Swine Summary - reading 43 Truth or Hogwash - worksheets Truth or Hogwash corn maze questions and answers Truth or Hogwash game board 50 Lesson #5: Everything But the Oink! Pork Products - reading 54 What Comes from Pigs? - worksheet 55 Pork By-Products - word search and key Pork By-Products - graphic 58 Lesson #6: Hogs on a Diet Hogs on a Diet reading 61 Hogs on a Diet worksheet and key Art Projects Ag Mag magazine Vocabulary 72 Books on Swine Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 2

3 Notes to the Teacher: The Common Core State Standards for Wisconsin and are correlated with the lesson plans. Many other standards will be covered dependent on the extensions you choose to do with your class. The goal of this curriculum is to familiarize students with agriculture emphasizing on the swine industry. Helpful websites: Helpful resources: - Take a Farm Tour and Meet a Farm Kid electronic books online at - Tour a Wisconsin Hog Farm video (1:25 minutes) on YouTube at - Truth about Modern Pork Production video (5:07 minues) on YouTube at The materials contained in this curriculum resource guide were drawn and adapted from the following sources: - American Farm Bureau - Texas AITC Foundation for Agriculture - California AITC - The National Pork Board, - Minnesota AITC America s Pork Check-off Program - Oklahoma AITC - Wisconsin Pork Association - Alabama AITC - Animal Agriculture Alliance - Illinois AITC - Wisconsin Agriculture in the Classroom (AITC) - Original materials from Mariah Telfer-Hadler This curriculum was compiled and written by Mariah Telfer-Hadler of Busy Barns Farm. Mariah is a certified teacher in New York State. She holds a bachelors degree from the University of WI-River Falls in Animal Science, Dairy Business and a master s in education from Roberts Wesleyan College in Rochester, NY. This curriculum was reviewed and correlated to Wisconsin state teaching standards by Megan Krauth. Megan is a certified teacher in Wisconsin and is currently teaching second grade at Cambridge Elementary School in Cambridge, Wisconsin. She graduated from University of Wisconsin Whitewater in 2003 with a bachelor s degree in Elementary Education grades 1-9. Please contact us at if you have any feedback regarding this curriculum. Thank you for helping us bring agriculture to education. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 3

4 Lesson #1: The Amazing Pig (video) Grades K-4: Pre-trip WI State Learning Standards: Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text. Ask and answer questions about key details in a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media. A.4.1 Understand how products made from plants and animals are made available for use by people Objectives: The student will learn how pigs are raised. The student will learn some of the by-products from hogs, how they are raised and the different breeds. Materials: The Amazing Pig Video: or visit and click on The Amazing Pig Video (4:40 minutes). You can order the video on CD for free from the Wisconsin Pork Association for your school or classroom library. Background: Pork chops, ham, and bacon are just a few of the products people enjoy that come from hogs. They market everything but the squeal is an old but true saying about the many things we get from hogs. Gloves, shoes, ingredients for medicines, and even medical substitutes for human heart valves are by-products of the hog industry. Hogs are also known as pigs or swine. There are eight major purebred breeds of swine raised in the United States. They are Yorkshire, Chester White, Landrace, Duroc, Hampshire, Poland China, Berkshire and Spot. Each breed has characteristics that it is known for, including color, mothering ability, size, and more. Pork producers often breed two or more different breeds so they can get the desirable characteristics of each. This is called crossbreeding and the offspring are called crossbreeds. From the time the piglets are born, or farrowed, to the time the hogs are ready for market, the farmer makes sure they have plenty of feed and water. The pork producer also makes sure the growing animals have a comfortable, safe place to stay and are vaccinated to keep them from getting sick. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 4

5 Pig Pen The pigs live in pens with metal fences and slatted floors. Pigs must have strong legs because they spend a lot of time standing on the floor of the pig pen. The floor is made of narrow strips spaced about one inch apart. The strips are made of wood, plastic, or concrete. These narrow strips are called slats. Below the floor of some pig pens is a pit, called a lagoon. The lagoon catches and stores manure and other wastes from the floor of the pen. The manure is pumped from the lagoon into a tank wagon and then sprayed on the farmers fields for fertilizer. Each pen has a large container, or feeder, that holds feed for the pigs. It has several openings so that more than one pig can eat at a time. The farmer makes sure the feeder is never empty. The pigs can eat any time they are hungry. The pens also have a spout that supplies water to the pigs. When they are thirsty all they have to do is push a button with their snout or tongue and they can get a drink. Baby Pigs One structure on the hog farm is the farrowing house. This is where the baby pigs, called piglets, are born. They stay here while they are young. The mother pig is called a sow, and the male pig is a boar. When the sow has her litter of babies, she will spend about four weeks in the farrowing house. The house has rows of metal stalls. This is where the sows nurse the baby pigs. Lights provide warmth for the babies. The hog farmer needs a few tools for specialized jobs. Very soon after birth, the baby pigs are given antibiotics to prevent infections. This medicine is given by squirting liquid in the mouth of the baby pig. The farmer uses a special bottle with a long tube to give the antibiotic. The hog farmer must snip off the long pig tail of the baby pigs. If the tail remains long, the other pigs will try to bite it. This would cause a wound and possible infection. The hog farmer uses dog toenail clippers to clip the tail of the baby pigs. Pigs are born with eight sharp upper and lower incisor teeth. Very soon after birth these teeth are snipped off with metal clippers. This must be done to keep the pigs from biting their own mouth or other pigs. This also prevents the baby pigs from biting the mother when they nurse. Male pigs, called boars, are neutered to make them gain weight faster and to keep them from being aggressive. A neutered male pig is called a barrow. The Pigs Grow The baby pigs stay with the sow until they are 4-6 weeks old, then they are weaned and taken from their mother. The farmer then moves the pigs to another pen called a nursery, where they learn to eat solid food. The pigs are fed mostly ground up grain, corn, or grain sorghum, mixed with protein supplements, vitamins, and minerals to keep them healthy and gaining weight. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 5

6 Pigs are fed several kinds of feed formulas at different times in their growing period. They are fed until they are about pounds, market weight. Then they are taken to market to be sold. The farmer may keep a few of the female pigs, called gilts, to have more baby pigs. Adapted From People on the Farm: Corn and Hog Farming, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Procedures: 1. Watch The Amazing Pig video, then play Trivial Pigsuit. a. Handout copies of the Trivial Pigsuit worksheet (page 8). b. Have each student follow along and watch the video to complete the worksheet. c. Show The Amazing Pig video (4:40 minutes) d. Review answers and give prizes. Language Arts (select one or more) 1. Read information from It s a Pig s Life to younger students or cut story into sections and have selected students read parts pretending to be pork experts. Have older students read information silently, then discuss. Have the students complete It s a Pigs Life worksheet (pages 10 and 11). 2. Have younger students complete Parts of the Pig worksheet (page 14) and Weather on the Farm (page 15). Have older students complete the worksheet Raising Pigs (page 16). 3. Ask students to create a journal of pig facts. Create the journals using construction paper for the cover and several sheets of writing paper inside. Have students write the title Go Hog Wild About Learning on the cover and decorate with pig pictures, stickers, etc. Then, during each day of your pig unit, ask students to write what they have learned about pigs. Or, give them a topic such as What do pigs eat? 4. Have students read and complete the About Pigs pages (pages 17 thru 19). Have them design their own page five of the mini-book with information they ve learned. 5. Have younger students play a Concentration/Memory Game using the pictures of the Eight major breeds of pigs featured in What Kind of Pig Am I? exercise (page 22). 6. Have older students complete the What Kind of Pig Am I worksheet on page Have students make posters of different swine breeds using pictures cut from magazines or off the internet. Tell students to pretend that a pork producer is making a poster listing all the breeds of swine and the producer needs the students to help him or her by putting the eight breeds in alphabetical order. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 6

7 8. Discuss the descriptions of four of the eight swine breeds described on the Popular Commercial Swine Breeds document on pages 20 and 21. Write the names of the four breeds on the chalkboard, along with the descriptions. Students will draw simple pictures of the four breeds and label them. Each student will select one of the four breeds and make a model of it using plastic bottles and markers. After completing their models, students will sort them according to breed. Students will count the models from each breed and create simple graphs to show the distribution. Math: 1. Have younger students complete the Math Decoder pig addition and subtraction worksheets on pages 24 and 25. Have older students complete the Pig House Math story problem worksheet on page 26. Extensions: 1. Have students take turns closing their eyes and drawing a pig on the chalkboard. 2. Bring pigskins or pigs feet for the students to taste. 3. Teach the students pig Latin. Have someone say a sentence and let others interpret. 5. Have students write a story or legend about How the Pig Got His Curly Tail. 6. Students will create their own hog calls, and have a hog calling contest. Invite a panel of judges to determine the best call, or let students vote. Extra Reading Fakih, Kimberly Olson, High on the Hog, Farrar, Strauss, Giroux, Greenwood, Barbara, and Heather Collins, A Pioneer Sampler: The Daily Life of a Pioneer Family in 1840, Ticknor Fields, Numeroff, Laura Joffe, If You Give a Pig a Pancake, Harpercollins Juvenile Books, Assessment: Were students able to complete the worksheets selected? Vocabulary: See complete vocabulary list on page 72. Lesson Plan adapted from Texas Department of Agriculture and Oklahoma Agriculture in the Classroom Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 7

8 Name: Trivial Pigsuit If the statement from the The Amazing Pig u-tube/dvd is True, circle T. If it is False, circle F and tell what you would change to make the statement true ,000 hogs are produced in Wisconsin every year. T F 2. 1 million pounds of grain are needed to feed hogs in Wisconsin. T F 3. The corn and soybeans used to feed pigs in Wisconsin come all the way from Asia. T F 4. Hogs live outside year-round. T F 5. A pork producers most important job is to provide pigs a comfortable environment, provide access to feed and water, and keeping the pigs healthy. T F 6. Pigs can run a 15-minute mile. T F 7. Pigs don t sweat so they need fans and misters to keep cool on a warm day. T F 8. Pork production creates a number of jobs, including veterinarians, truck drivers, and meat processors. T F 9. After piglets are born, they are kept in the same stall as their mother. T F 10. Piglets can double their weight in one week. T F 11. Pig products are used in heart valves, glue and crayons as well as other products. T F Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 8

9 Name: Trivial Pigsuit (KEY) If the statement from the The Amazing Pig u-tube/dvd is True, circle T. If it is False, circle F and tell what you would change to make the statement true ,000 hogs are produced in Wisconsin every year. T F True million pounds of grain are needed to feed hogs in Wisconsin. T F False 760 million pounds of grain 14. The corn and soybeans used to feed pigs in Wisconsin come all the way from Asia. T F False United States of America 15. Hogs live outside year-round. T F False they live inside 16. A pork producers most important job is to provide pigs a comfortable environment, provide access to feed and water, and keeping the pigs healthy. T F True 17. Pigs can run a 15-minute mile. T F False they can run a 7-minute mile 18. Pigs don t sweat so they need fans and misters to keep cool on a warm day. T F True 19. Pork production creates a number of jobs, including veterinarians, truck drivers, and meat processors. T F True 20. After piglets are born, they are kept in the same stall as their mother. T F False they are separated so the mother doesn t step on the piglets 21. Piglets can double their weight in one week. T F True 22. Pig products are used in heart valves, glue and crayons as well as other products. T F True Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 9

10 Name: It s a Pigs Life (Reading) Hogs and pigs are often called swine. Pork chops and bacon and other foods come from pigs. Hogs also give us many other products such as gloves, shoes, medicines, and even medical substitutes for human heart valves. These non-food products are called byproducts. Hog farmers, also called pork producers, must raise pigs in a good home. That means special machines and structures made just for the pigs. The Pig Pen The pigs live in pens with metal fences and special floors. Pigs must have strong legs because they stand much of the time. The floor is made of narrow strips about one inch apart. The strips are made of wood, plastic, or concrete. These narrow strips are called slats. Some pig pens have a pit below the floor. This pit is called a lagoon. The lagoon catches the manure. It is drained to a vacuum tank wagon and stored. It is used as fertilizer in the field. Baby Pigs One structure on the hog farm is the farrowing house. This is where the baby pigs, called piglets, are born. They stay here while they are young. The mother pig is called a sow, and the male pig is a boar. When the sow has her litter of babies, she Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 10

11 will spend about four weeks in the farrowing house. The house has rows of metal stalls. This is where the sows nurse the baby pigs. Light s provide warmth for the babies. The hog farmer uses tools for special jobs. The baby pigs are given antibiotics so they do not get sick. Baby pigs are born with long tails. The other pigs will try to bite the long tails. The hog farmer uses dog toenail clippers to clip the tails. Pigs are born with eight sharp teeth. These teeth are snipped off with metal clippers. This is done to keep the pigs from biting each other and from biting the mother. The Pigs Grow The baby pigs stay with the sow until they are 4-6 weeks old, then they are weaned, or taken from their mother. The farmer then moves the pigs to another pen called a nursery, where they learn to eat solid food. The pigs grow and gain weight. The hog farmer keeps the groups in pens called finishing units. Here the pigs are fed several kinds of feed. Hogs are fed until they weigh about 240 pounds. This is called market weight. Then they are sold at the market. The farmer keeps a few of the female pigs to have more baby pigs. Adapted from People on the Farm: Corn and Hog Farming, U.S. Department of Agriculture Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 11

12 Name: It s a Pigs Life 1. Another name for pigs or hogs is. sweet swine sow 2. Which is not a meat that comes from pigs? pork chops bacon hamburger 3. A baby pig is also called a. sow piglet litter 4. The mother pig is a. sow boar piglet 5. The baby pigs are weaned at. 4 to 6 weeks old 4 to 6 days old 6. The piglets are born in the. nursery field farrowing house 7. A hog farmer uses special tools to clip the piglets. teeth tail tail and teeth 8. A farmer cuts the piglet s tail to keep other pigs from biting it. ture false 9. A piglet is born without any teeth. true false 10. A hog is sold when it weighs. 46 pounds 240 pounds 2345 pounds Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 12

13 Name: It s a Pigs Life (KEY =correct answer) 1. Another name for pigs or hogs is. sweet swine sow 2. Which is not a meat that comes from pigs? pork chops bacon hamburger 3. A baby pig is also called a. sow piglet litter 4. The mother pig is a. sow boar piglet 5. The baby pigs are weaned at. 4 to 6 weeks old 4 to 6 days old 6. The piglets are born in the. nursery field farrowing house 7. A hog farmer uses special tools to clip the piglets. teeth tail tail and teeth 8. A farmer cuts the piglet s tail to keep other pigs from biting it. true false 9. A piglet is born without any teeth. true false 10. A hog is sold when it weighs. 46 pounds 240 pounds 2345 pounds Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 13

14 Name: Parts of the Pig Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 14

15 Name: Weather on the Farm Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 15

16 Name: Raising Pigs Read the below paragraph. Then match the barn technology on the left with the correct season on the right. Heaters Fans to keep fresh air to the pigs Sprinklers Year-round Summer Winter Did you know that barns keep pigs comfortable and protect them from the weather? During the summer, when it gets hot, the pigs are kept cool by large fans and water sprinklers. In the wintertime, most barns have heaters to keep the pigs warm and comfortable. The barns keep pigs safe from predators too. Put these events in order, from first to last. At 6 months, pigs weigh approximately 250 pounds. At 4 weeks, pigs weigh pounds. When they are born, piglets weigh 2-3 pounds At 8 weeks, pigs weigh pounds. Pigs grow fast because they eat a good diet. For a pig to reach 250 pounds, it will eat 600 pounds of corn and 100 pounds of soybean meal. That s a lot of grain! Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 16

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20 Popular Commercial Swine Breeds There are eight major breeds of hogs commonly used for breeding in the United States. Most of the pigs raised in the U.S. are purebred one of the eight breeds, or crossbred a mixture of two or more of the major breeds. In general, the five dark breeds Berkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, Poland China, and Spot are known and used for their siring ability and potential to pass along their durability, leanness, and meatiness to offspring. The three white breeds Chester White, Landrace, and Yorkshire are sought after for their reproductive and mothering abilities. The skin on pigs is pink, but their rough and bristly hair can be a variety of colors and patterns such as white, red-brown, black or spotted breeds. There are many combinations of breeds and genetic lines used to influence the characteristics each producer looks for with regard to meat quality, farming method and the hog market. Berkshire Originating in Britain in the mid-1500 s, the Berkshire is a black pig that can have white on the legs, ears, tail and face. Today, increased interest in heritage breeds has renewed demand for the Berkshire. Also known as Kurobuta or black pig in Japan, the Berkshire is prized for its juiciness, flavor and tenderness. It yields a pink-hued, heavily marbled meat whose high fat content is suitable for long cooking times and hightemperature cooking. Chester White The Chester White originated in Chester County, Pennsylvania in the early 1800 s when strains of large, white pigs common to the Northeast United States were bred with a white boar imported from Bedfordshire, England. Today, the Chester White is actively used in commercial crossbreeding operations. They have ears that droop forward and are known for their mothering ability. Duroc Duroc is the second most recorded breed in the United States. With red or black coloring and droopy ears, the Duroc is known for quick growth and maturity, deep body, broad ham and shoulder, and a quiet disposition. Shown in 1893 at the Chicago World's Fair, Durocs subsequently gained wide popularity becoming a main terminal sire choice of American farmers and forming the basis for many mixedbreed commercial hogs. Durocs are known for sweet meat, marbling, amazing shoulders and spareribs. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 20

21 Hampshire The Hampshire is possibly the oldest, early-american hog breed in existence today. Derived from the "Old English Breed, the original breeding stock was imported from Wessex, England in Throughout the years, the Hampshire has become one of the most popular pigs in America. Black with a white belt across the shoulders that covers the front legs and around the body, they have erect ears and a curly tail. The Hampshire, a heavily muscled, lean meat breed, is the fourth most recorded breed of pig in the United States. Landrace Landrace are white with ears that droop and slant forward with the top edges nearly parallel to the bridge of a straight nose. The fifth most recorded breed in the United States, they are known for large litters of piglets. Descended from the Danish Landrace, the American Landrace is known for its ability to cross well with other breeds. They produce a large and flavorful ham and loin. Poland China The Poland China is one of America s oldest breeds. First bred in the Miami Valley, Ohio in 1816, they derive from many breeds including the Berkshire and the Hampshire. Poland China hogs are typically black with white faces and feet, and a white tip on the tail. Known for their large size, the Poland China is one of the most common breeds produced in the United States. Spotted Pig The Spotted Pig is the ancestor of the Poland China and Gloucester Old Spot breeds. It has become extremely popular in the United States because of its high meat quality and ability to gain weight quickly. The floppy eared Spotted Pig has black and white spots with no red or brown tints. Yorkshire Developed in England in the county of York, the Yorkshire is also known as the English Large White and was first brought to Ohio around The most recorded breed of swine in the United States, the Yorkshire is white in color with erect ears. They are very durable and muscular with a high proportion of lean meat and low back fat. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 21

22 Name: What Kind of Pig Am I? Read the Popular Commercial Breeds worksheet carefully. As you read, underline or highlight the words that describe the physical characteristics of the breed. Then decide which pig in the pictures has those characteristics and write the name of the breed under the correct pictures. Read the descriptions carefully, some of them can be tricky! Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 22

23 Name: What Kind of Pig Am I? (KEY) Read the Popular Commercial Breeds worksheet carefully. As you read, underline or highlight the words that describe the physical characteristics of the breed. Then decide which pig in the pictures has those characteristics and write the name of the breed under the correct pictures. Read the descriptions carefully, some of them can be tricky! 1. Berkshire 2. Spotted Breed 3. Hampshire 4. Duroc 5. Yorkshire 6. Chester White 7. Landrace 8. Poland China Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 23

24 Name: Math Decoder (subtraction) Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 24

25 Name: Math Decoder (addition) Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 25

26 Name: Pig House Math The three little pigs, as you know, built houses one of straw, one of sticks and one of bricks. By reading the six clues, figure out which pig built each house, the size of each house, and the town in which each house was located. Use the chart to keep track of your information and your logic. Town Size Material Patricia Pig Penny Pig Peter Pig 1. Penny Pig did not build a brick house. 2. The straw house was not medium sized. 3. Peter s house was made of sticks, and it was neither medium nor small. 4. Patricia Pig built her house in Pleasantville. 5. The house in Hillsdale was large. 6. One house was in a town called Riverview. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 26

27 Lesson #2: This Little Pig (vocabulary) Grades K-4: Pre-trip WI State Learning Standards: C.4.1 Use the vocabulary of the unifying themes to ask questions about objects, organisms, and events being studied. Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. Objectives: The student will hear basic information about swine, then write and identify vocabulary words relating to the subject. Background: Pigs and hogs are part of the swine family. Male swine are called boars. Female swine are called sows. Baby bigs are called pigs until they reach a weight of about 240 pounds. Then they are called hogs. A sow gives birth to a litter of pigs about twice a year. A litter usually has eight to 12 baby pigs. Some people think pigs are greedy because that is how baby pigs look when they are competing for food from their mothers. But pigs never overeat. Once a pig is full, it stops eating. Swine eat corn, wheat and other grains. Bacon, pork sausage, pork chops and ham all come from swine. There are 377 breeds of pigs around the world. In Oklahoma the most common breeds are Duroc, Hampshire, Yorkshire, Poland and Spot. Duroc pigs are mostly red but can be yellow or golden yellow. They are medium in length with droopy ears. Yorkshire hogs are white. Hampshire hogs are black with a white belt. Poland hogs are black and have droopy ears. Spots are white with black spots. Language Arts: (select one or more) 1. Write the word pig on the chalkboard. Ask students what words they think of when you say the word pig. Write the words on the chalkboard. 2. Students will list words that rhyme with pig. 3. Read and discuss background. Students will raise their hands when they hear words that are unfamiliar. Write those words on the chalkboard and discuss their meaning. Discuss the swine-related vocabulary words on This Little Pig worksheet A. 4. Hand-out This Little Pig worksheet A (page 30). Students will place swine-related words under the appropriate pictures. 5. Hand-out This Little Pig worksheet B (page 31). Read the sentences to students. Students will underline the vocabulary words in the sentences. Students will draw pictures to illustrate vocabulary words. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 27

28 6. Students will write a cooperative class poem. Students will write adjectives on index cards. On the chalk board write the following, and fill in the blanks with adjectives from the cards: I like pigs. Don t forget pigs too. Those are just a few. Last of all, best of all pigs. Students will copy and illustrate the poem. 7. Divide students into groups of four or five. Each group will write a recipe for Pigs in a Blanket, using canned crescent rolls and small sausages. The groups will trade recipes and follow the instructions provided by the other group. 8. Students will illustrate and make a pig flip book, using vocabulary words use the pig pattern on page Use the vocabulary words to develop word families. 10. Have students complete one of the vocabulary matching exercises Talk Like a Pork Producer appropriate for grade level. (pages 32 or 33) 11. Have students cut out the pigs on the Vocabulary Pig Pattern Practice on pages 35 and 36. Then have them play a Concentration/Memory Game. 12. Write the vocabulary words you would like to feature on the board at the front of the room. Explain to the students that you are going to hold-up pictures and ask them to guess which vocabulary word the pictures represent. Some words may need a few verbal hints, in addition to the pictures. 13. Write each vocabulary word on an outline of a pig or use the Pig Pattern Vocabulary Practice on pages 35 and 36. Distribute to individual students or small groups of students. As you read the definitions of the words, ask the student(s) with the corresponding pattern with the word on it to raise their hand(s)/pig pattern. Continue until you ve matched all vocabulary words with their definitions. An alternative activity read vocabulary words out loud, then post matching definitions randomly on board. Have students get into two teams and play a definition matching game. 14. Have younger students complete the New Pig Words (page 37) activity sheet. Provide your students with crayons/markers to finish the worksheet. 15. Have students complete the Talk Like a Pork Producer crossword on page Reinforce the vocabulary words by doing a swine bulletin board using the words. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 28

29 Extra Reading: Ehlert, Lois, Color Farm, Harpercollins, Grave, Marc, and Grace Goldberg, Farm Animals, McClanahan, Sill, Cathryn, and John Sill, About Mammals: A Guide for Children, Peachtree, Walsh, Melanie, Do Pigs Have Stripes? Houghton Mifflin, Wolfman, Judy, and David Lorenz Winston, Life on a Pig Farm, Lerner, 2002 Vocabulary: See complete vocabulary list on page 72. Lesson Plan adapted from Oklahoma Ag in the Classroom and Wisconsin Pork Association Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 29

30 Name: This Little Pig (worksheet A) Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 30

31 Name: This Little Pig (worksheet B) Underline the agriculture words in the sentences below. Draw a picture of one of the swine words. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 31

32 Name: Talk Like a Pork Producer (vocabulary) Match these pork vocabulary words with their meaning. 1. A mother pig a. Piglet 2. A pigs nose b. Sow 3. A baby pig c. Litter 4. A male pig d. Snout 5. A set of pigs who e. Boar have the same mother. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 32

33 Name: Talk Like a Pork Producer (vocabulary) Match these pork vocabulary words with their meaning. 1. Gilt A. male market hog 2. Piglet B. family of baby pigs 3. Weaning C. non-food products made from hogs 4. Barrow D. flesh of pig used for food 5. Farrow E. a mother pig giving birth 6. Pork Producer F. another name for hogs and pigs 7. Litter G. farmers grind these to make feed 8. Snout H. young female hog 9. Swine I. someone who raises pigs 10. Boar J. mother pig 11. Sow K. male hog 12. Grains L. nose of a pig 13. Pork M. baby pig 14. By-product N. when pigs are taken from their mothers to eat solid food Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 33

34 Name: Talk Like a Pork Producer (KEY) Match these pork vocabulary words with their meaning. 1. H Gilt A. male market hog 2. M Piglet B. family of baby pigs 3. N Weaning C. non-food products made from hogs 4. K Barrow D. flesh of pig used for food 5. E Farrow E. a mother pig giving birth 6. I Pork Producer F. another name for hogs and pigs 7. B Litter G. farmers grind these to make feed 8. L Snout H. young female hog 9. F Swine I. someone who raises pigs 10. A Boar J. mother pig 11. J Sow K. male hog 12. G Grains L. nose of a pig 13. D Pork M. baby pig 14. C By-product N. when pigs are taken from their mothers to eat solid food Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 34

35 Pig Pattern Vocabulary Practice (Page 1) GILT PIGLET WEANING LITTER FARROW BARROW SNOUT PORK GRAINS SOW BOAR SWINE HOOF BY- PORK PRODUCT PRODUCER Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 35

36 Pig Pattern Vocabulary Practice (Page 2) HOG MISTERS NURSERY STALLS COMMERCIAL HOGWASH LARD PANCREAS DOMESTICATED GREEDY INSULIN MINERALS LEAN DIABETES EFFICENT Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 36

37 Name: New Pig Words Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 37

38 Name: Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 38

39 Name: KEY Across 2.piglet 3.farrowing 4.sow 6.swine 7.byproducts Down 1.weaning 2.farmer 5.litter 6.snout 7.board Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 39

40 Lesson #3: Busy Barns Acres of Adventures Grades K-4: On-farm Field Trip WI State Learning Standards: F.4.3 Illustrate* the different ways that organisms grow through life stages and survive to produce new members of their type. With guidance and support from adults, recall information from experiences or gather information from provided sources to answer a question. Ask and answer questions about key details in a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media. Objectives: Students will experience agriculture first-hand through unique interactive farm activities. Student will work together to accomplish the corn maze as groups. Approximate Time: 2 to 4 hours (with a 30-minute lesson) This lesson takes place in the hands-on outdoor classroom at Busy Barns Farm. It consists of four parts that will be experienced in any order. 1. Hands-on Exploration: Students will discover and learn about agriculture through unique interactive farm experiences including milking the simulated cow Holly the Holstein, determining by-products of swine in the Discovery Nesting Box, playing in tubs of wheat seeds and many more fun, yet educational activities. 2. Swine Time: A 30-minute educational session on swine. Students will view and learn the difference between a production and pet pig. Students will learn about the many food products and by-products from swine. Students will view and learn about sow s, piglets and farrowing (birthing). Students will hear the different pig sounds (oink/squeal) and learn what they mean. Students will what pigs eat and how fast they grow. 3. Trivia Corn Maze: Explore the 4-acre corn maze where navigational decisions are determined by the answers chosen at various points. There are true and false and multiple choice questions throughout the corn maze. The questions in the maze reflect information that parallels educational material taught in Swine are Divine curriculum resource guide. 4. Pumpkin Patch: Walk to the pumpkin field and learn about this popular fruit. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 40

41 Lesson #4: Busy Barns Field Trip Review Truth or Hogwash!? Corn Maze Grades K-4: Post-trip Lesson WI State Learning Standards: C.4.2 Use the science content being learned to ask questions, plan investigations, make observations, make predictions, and offer explanations. Ask and answer questions about key details in a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media. Objectives: Students will review and reflect on the information that was provided on their field trip. Students will work in teams to play a game in which they answer true/false questions about swine and then research and develop questions of their own. Background: Material presented on swine by the on-farm educators and the corn maze trivia questions seen during the field trip to Busy Barns Farm. Materials: Poster board Pocket folders Blank index cards Glue Reference books Computer and internet Multiple Choice Corn Maze? s True/False Corn Maze Questions Procedures: 1. Read Swine Summary to review and build on material that was taught and experienced at Busy Barns Farm. 2. Play the Truth or Hogwash and/or Jeopardy game(s) to review and reinforce the material learned. Truth or Hogwash Game: 1. Create a game board by gluing pocket folders on the poster board in even numbered rows and columns. 2. Ask students to brainstorm what they know about pigs. Write adjectives students use on the chalkboard. 3. Copy the Truth or Hogwash? worksheets A and B front to back (pages 44 thru 47). Cut on dotted lines to make game cards. The blank cards will be used later by the students to make their own questions and answers. 4. Explain the meaning of the word hogwash (nonsense; speech that is worthless, like the table scraps formerly fed to hogs.) Place the cards in a bowl. Students will take turns drawing a card from the bowl to read to the class. After each question is read, students will call out truth or hogwash. As an alternative, let students take turns answering the questions. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 41

42 5. After students have given their answers, the student who drew the card will read what is on the back. Discuss answers after each one is read. 6. Read and discuss Swine Summary. Divide students into groups of four or five. Provide books, internet and other resource information about swine. 7. Have students will work in groups to create questions about swine in four or five different categories (nutritional value, waste management, history, byproducts, WI pork industry, pork production, wild card questions, etc.) Have students write the questions on index cards and/or use the blank Truth or Hogwash? cards on worksheet B (pages 46 and 47).with the correct answers written on the back. Each statement should be assigned a value of 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 points. 8. Write values on pocket folders, and place the cards in the appropriate folders. 9. Divide students into teams of four. Give the teams a name oinkers, squealers, etc. Draw cards from the folders, and have teams take turns answering them. Allow teams to continue answering questions and accumulating points until they respond incorrectly to a question. As an alternative, let teams take turns so each team gets a chance to answer questions. Jeopardy Game: 1. Use the Truth or Hogwash cards from the farm corn maze and/or after the students have come up with their own swine questions and have placed them into the pocket folder, label each one with the appropriate category (nutritional value, waste management, history, byproducts, WI pork industry, pork production, wild card questions, etc.) 2. Divide the students into two teams. Give the teams a name oinkers, squealers, etc. 3. Have the students draw a category out of a bowl or hat, or have teams select the category they want each time. 4. Read a question from the selected category. 5. The teams are to huddle and decide on an answer to the question. 6. If their answer is correct, they receive 1 point. 7. If they cannot answer the question or if they give an incorrect answer, then the other team has a chance to answer the question and earn a point. 8. Keep score and award prizes. Evaluation: Were the students able to answer and develop questions about swine? Vocabulary: hog, pig, swine, pork, sow, boar, gilt, manure, lard, lean, snout, hogwash, commercial, pancreas, insulin, diabetes, by-products Lesson Plan adapted from Oklahoma Agriculture in the Classroom and Wisconsin Pork Association Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 42

43 Swine Summary Pigs were among the first animals to be domesticated, probably as early as 7000 BC. Forty million years ago, hoglike animals roamed forests and swamps in what are now Europe and Asia. By 4900 BC hogs were domesticated in China. By 1500 BC they were being raised in Europe. In 1539 Hernando de Soto landed at Tampa Bay, Florida, with 13 pigs, the first in North America. By the time of desoto s death, three years later, his hog herd had grown to 700. Colonists in Pennsylvania developed the practice of finishing the hogs on corn (feeding them nothing but corn in the few weeks before butchering them). This practice improved the quality of the pork and laid the foundation for the modern pork industry. In the colonial US, hogs were driven to market in large droves over trails that later became routes used by the railroads. Hog raising became an important commercial enterprise during the 1800s when the Midwest farm regions were settled. The new Erie Canal system gave farmers a way to get their hogs to the cities back east. Farmers started calling their hogs Mortgage Lifters because the profits from their sales helped pay for the new homesteads. The hogs would eat corn, grass, clover or even table scraps that would have otherwise have become garbage. The word hogwash, meaning something that is worthless, came from this practice. In some areas hogs would be turned out to find their own food. Hogs would roam freely, eating what they could find acorns from the ground or roots, which they dug from the ground with their snouts. On Manhattan Island, New York, the hogs rampaged through grain fields until farmers were forced to build a wall to keep them out. The street running along this wall became Wall Street. Most people had pig pens near their homes and fed the hogs just enough to keep them returning home from their daily forage for food. Everybody had a different hog call so that only their pigs responded to their call. These calls might be a high pitched "sooie," a low pitched "wark," or a simple "here pig here." Lard was in high demand for baking, so pork producers grew pigs that were very fat. People could eat foods that were higher in fat then because most were involved in vigorous physical labor that caused their bodies to burn large amounts of fat and calories. Today most people are not as active as they were back then, and health conscious consumers want leaner meat. To meet this demand pork producers have changed the way they feed and raise their swine. Most cuts of pork today are as lean or leaner than similar cuts of beef and chicken. Pork has a high nutrient density (a high level of nutrients for the level of calories). It provides protein, iron, zinc and B Vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and Vitamin B12). Many people picture a hog farm as a smelly, muddy place where pigs wallow in muddy pens. Years ago, pigs would lie in the mud to protect themselves from overheating and biting insects. Today most hogs are kept indoors in buildings where producers can control temperature, humidity and other environmental factors. These buildings are well-lit and clean, so the producer can better monitor and promote the health of the hogs. Some operations use indoor and outdoor facilities. Healthy, unstressed animals are more profitable, so producers try to keep their hogs comfortable and happy. Byproducts made from swine include adhesives, plastics, shoes, paint, glue, crayons, chalk, and chewing gum. Pig heart valves are used to replace diseased or damaged human heart valves. Hog skin is used as a dressing in treating serious burns, and hog pancreas glands provide insulin to treat diabetes. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 43

44 Truth or Hogwash? (worksheet A questions/front) Pigs are not stupid, They are as smart as dogs. Most pigs are raised indoors, in pens that are in big buildings. Pigs never grow to weigh more than 1,000 pounds. Pigs have small eyes and poor eyesight. Pigs are dirty animals that love to wallow in the mud. Pigs have rings in their noses to keep them from smelling. Pigs enjoy listening to music. All pigs have curly tails. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 44

45 Truth or Hogwash? (worksheet A answers/back) Truth: In the summer the barns keep the Pigs cook with sprinklers and fans. In the winter, heaters keep them warm. The barns also allow farmers to closely monitor the pigs health and protect them from predators. Truth: They can be taught to do tricks such as fetching. They have even been taught to do important jobs. In war they have served as mine sniffers in battlefields. Truth: But they have a strong sense Hogwash: The heaviest hog in of smell. history, Big Bill, weighted 2,552 pounds. Hogwash: The rings are used to keep Them from rooting, or digging up the Earth with their snouts. This is a natural behavior of hogs in the wild, which dig for roots to eat. It can cause a lot of damage on a farm. Hogwash: They are cleaner than most farm animals. They roll in the mud to cool off because they have no sweat glands. They love to take showers! Hogwash: Pot-belly pigs have straight tails and production pigs have curly tails. Truth: Pigs are curious and like to keep busy. Some farmers entertain their pigs with beach balls and old tires. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 45

46 Truth or Hogwash? (worksheet B questions/front) All pigs have pink skin and they get their different colors from the color of their hair. Pigs are found on every continent. Pigs never grow to weigh more than 1,000 pounds. Pigs have small eyes and poor eyesight. Pigs are dirty animals that love to wallow in the mud. Pigs have rings in their noses to keep them from smelling. Pigs enjoy listening to music. All pigs have curly tails. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 46

47 Truth or Hogwash? (worksheet B answers/back) Hogwash: They are found on every continent, but Antarctica. Truth: Pigs skin is always pink. Their hair is what gives their bodies various colors and patterns seen in the 180 different breeds in the world. Pig s hair can be black, white or red. There are 8 major breeds of swine raised in the U.S. Pigs never grow to weigh more than 1,000 pounds. Pigs have small eyes and poor eyesight. Pigs are dirty animals that love to wallow in the mud. Pigs have rings in their noses to keep them from smelling. Pigs enjoy listening to music. All pigs have curly tails. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 47

48 Name: Truth or Hogwash? Corn Maze (True/False KEY) 1. Most pigs are raised indoors, in pens that are in big buildings. Truth: Farmers raise their pigs in barns to keep them comfortable. In the summer the barns keep the pigs cool with sprinklers and fans. In the winter, heaters keep them warm. The barns also allow farmers to closely monitor the pigs health and protect them from predators. 2. Pigs are not stupid, they are as smart as dogs. Truth: They can be taught to do tricks such as fetching. They have even been taught to do important jobs. In war they have served as mine sniffers in battlefields. 3. Pigs never grow to weigh more than 1,000 pounds. Hogwash: The heaviest hog in history, Big Bill, weighed 2,552 pounds. 4. Pigs have small eyes and poor eyesight. Truth: But they have a strong sense of smell. 5. Pigs are dirty animals that love to wallow in the mud. Hogwash: They are cleaner than most farm animals. They roll in the mud to cool off because they have no sweat glands. They love to take showers! 6. Pigs have rings in their noses to keep them from smelling. Hogwash: The rings are used to keep them from rooting, or digging up the earth with their snouts. This is a natural behavior of hogs in the wild, which dig for roots to eat. It can cause a lot of damage on a farm. 7. Pigs enjoy listening to music. Truth: Pigs are curious and like to keep busy. Some farmers entertain their pigs with beach balls and old tires. 8. All pigs have curly tails. Hogwash: Pot-belly pigs have straight tails and production pigs have curly tails. 9. All pigs have pink skin and they get their different body colors from the color of their hair. Truth: Pigs skin is always pink. Their hair is what gives their bodies various colors and patterns seen in the 180 different breeds in the world. Pig s hair can be black, white or red. There are 8 major purebred breeds of swine raised in the U.S. 10. Pigs are found on every continent. Hogwash: They are found on every continent, but Antarctica. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 48

49 Name: Truth or Hogwash? Corn Maze (Multiple Choice KEY) 1. They market everything but the squeal is a term used with pigs because there are over 400 byproducts made from hogs. What items are NOT made from pigs? a. Insulin, Estrogen, Cortisone (medicine) b. Crayons, Chalk, Glue c. Staples, Paper, Pens 2. Which food items are not forms of pork? a. Sausage and Pepperoni b. Ham and Bacon c. Hamburger 3. What is the term for a mother sow giving birth to her piglets? a. Farrowing b. Birthing c. Kidding 4. What age and market weight is a pig taken to the processor to be made into pork products and pig by-products? a. 5 months and 250 pounds b. 10 months and 45 pounds c. 1 year and 1230 pounds 5. A sow (mother pig) gives birth to a litter of pigs twice a year. How many piglets can a sow have at one time? a. 6 to 18 piglets b. 1 to 2 piglets c. 30 to 35 piglets 6. A pig s squeal can range from decibels. What sound does a pig s squeal compare to? a. School bell b. Concord Supersonic Jet c. Fire Alarm 7. Piglets appear very greedy when they are competing for food from their mothers, however they always go to the same teat and will never overeat. What term is NOT associated with this greedy behavior? a. Pig b. Hog c. Cat 8. What products do farmers NOT feed to production pigs? a. Corn, wheat, soybeans and other grains b. Table scraps c. Vitamins and minerals Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 49

50 Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 50

51 Lesson #5: Everything But the Oink! Grades K-4: Post-trip WI State Learning Standards: A.4.1 Understand how products made from plants and animals are made available for use by people. C.4.2 Use the science content being learned to ask questions, plan investigations, make observations, make predictions, and offer explanations. Objective: Students will be able to identify food products and by-products of swine. Background: What happens to pigs when they go to market? Pigs, like other animals, are sometimes used for food. The meat we get from pigs is called pork. Pork is the world s most widely eaten meat. You might see pork in the grocery store as pork chops, ham, roast, ribs or bacon. Believe it or not, pig products (like pig hooves) are also used for many things you find in your school classroom like chalk and artist brushes. Materials: Shoebox Swine by-products Crayons Paint Glue Paint brushes Construction paper Scissors Masking tape or stickers Procedures: 1. Create a mystery box to introduce your lesson about swine by-products. Place a byproduct of pigs in a shoebox (see Pork Products worksheet on page 54). Invite the children to guess what s in the box. Shake the box - is there any sound? Open the box and allow the children to feel what s inside the box without seeing it. Once the students have guessed the contents of the box, explain what a by-product is and that the items you ll be placing in the mystery box are all from swine. 2. Make pig art using by-products of pigs; crayons, paint brushes and glue. The materials you need include white construction paper, crayons, paint and brushes, scissors and glue. Provide each student with a sheet of white paper, crayons, paint and a paint brush. Have each child draw or paint a picture of a pig and cut it out, or use the pig cutout on page 53. Have them place the picture of the pig on sheet of construction paper or a big poster board(s) and secure it down to the paper with glue. Discuss with them how the products they used; crayons, paint brushes and glue, all come from by-products of pigs. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 51

52 3. Classroom Product Hunt: As a class, the students will discover that many common things they use on a daily basis are by-products of pork. Before the activity, mark various classroom items with masking tape x s or some other form of identification (stickers). The following items are pork by-products: glue, buttons, glass, paint brushes, rubber, cosmetics, plastics, cellophane, floor waxes, crayons, chalk, and linoleum. See Pork Products worksheet on page 54. Give students a few minutes to go around the room and write down each item they find that is marked. After returning to their seats, solicit responses as to why those items were marked. Direct them to the answer that they are all by-products of pigs. 4. Have students take an inventory of their kitchen cupboard and bathroom cabinets at home to find pork by-products. 5. Have younger students complete the What Comes from Pigs worksheet on page 55. Have older students complete the Pork By-Products Word Search on page 56. Assessment: Students will be able to list at least 3 food products and 6 by-products of swine. Vocabulary: by-product, insulin, pancreases, diabetes Lesson Plan adapted from Texas Department of Agriculture and Oklahoma Agriculture in the Classroom Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 52

53 Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 53

54 Pork Products Since the time of the early settlers, farmers have tried not to waste anything that comes from pigs. Listed below are some of the products that come from pigs, including food and many nonfood items you see at home, in school and in hospitals. Food Products The meat that comes from pigs is called pork. Pork includes everything from pork chops, pork roast, pork ribs, hot dogs, sausage, pepperoni, brats, bacon and ham (see picture). Medical Uses Rapidly advancing science is continually adding to the list of important and life-saving products from pigs. Here are a few examples: Heart Valves: Specially treated pig heart valves are surgically placed in humans to replace heart valves weakened by disease or injury. Since the first operation in 1971, tens of thousands of pig heart valves have been successfully placed in people of all ages. Skin: Because it is similar to human skin, specially treated pig skin is attached to people with massive burns and serious skin sores. Gelatin made from skin is used for making capsules and pills. Insulin: Insulin is a substance in our bodies that is too low in people with a disease called diabetes. Some people with this disease have to take shots of insulin to make them better. Pig insulin almost matches the insulin of humans. Although man-made insulin is now available, years ago, pigs were an important source of insulin for people with diabetes. Home and School Uses As you look around your home and school, consider how many things are products from parts of the pig. Here are some examples: paint brushes (hair) buttons (bones) cement (fat) chalk (fat) makeup (fat) crayons (fat) fabric dye glass (bones) gloves (skin) suede clothing (skin) adhesives gelatin (skin) upholstery (skin and hair) linoleum (fat) cellophane (fat) weed killers water filters floor wax China (bones) fertilizer antifreeze glue (bones and skin) insulation matches (fat) pet food (meat scraps) fish bait (meat scraps) plastics (fat) putty (fat) rubber (fat) shoes (skin) film gum Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 54

55 Name: What Comes from Pigs? Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 55

56 Name: Pork By-Products Word Search Pigs are raised for meat to help feed people all over the world. In order to use the entire pig, byproducts are made or extracted from the remaining almost 25% of the pig. No other animal produces a wider range of by-products than pigs do. Look for 28 hog by-products in the word search. Some of them are real stinkers and may be found across, down, diagonal, and backwards! S E Y H E E V S S L T D E O B Z B R D E G J W B U D F Y T G L U E E Y U Y V G U U W C Q E K P D A E R X B D T Y G T G H K B W X T A N K V Z D P J Z S O B T F C U J V N F C A R T L I C T J J Q I E C C C U S G D I P R M D G T O I E R B A J Y T E R H I E V C C F O R P S M W N A S C O Q N B J R Q O V T R V W X V U Q B X Y S R Q M P A X O K F Z W L C E K F R E B B U R A M V R G D U K N I I P M A L E M W A T E R P R O O F I N G A G E N T S R I T E L S X E R S R E L L I K D E E W C S N A S I V E R L O F E R T I L I Z E R S N C H E A X L U N M R S O C Y N L J I H S R H L I I I C H G D U P T R F Z P P O R X I A S C F L P T N T O F S D S T I F I B H H X I E J N E T A M S A I C K H Q J N W N S L O A G P D W T M O B B A B C Y S V G W W I Z G S T B N O J S I E S T L L R I S T N E M A N R O I A E V E W S D N N O L P E D U D O O F T E P E M D L R J I W P T M O S U O E U L S F L O O R W A X H G S E N A N X F F K U S H I M W H L N N Z M R T L U Z E F L H Z D E Z J L T P E M U E B T N L V N E W S R Q Z G P O H K I R I R U G V I S K A M L B N B V V L Q E Q W L L A O U N O E E I D C O S U C Y T G A L S G U A C A P Z C S R N I S A Y C O E O F M X E F L P H T V R U R W K E X D U S S C R A Y O N S U Z Z C J R X V J H O I N U H X X W N G J W R K G O B K ANTIFREEZE ARTIST BRUSHES BONE CHINA BUTTONS CELLOPHANE CEMENT CHALK COSMETICS CRAYONS FERTILIZER FLOORWAX FOOTBALLS GLASS GLUE INSECTICIDES INSULATION INSULIN LINOLEUM LUBRICANTS MATCHES ORNAMENTS PET FOOD PLASTIC PRINTING PUTTY ROLLERS RUBBER UPHOLSTERY Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 56

57 Name: Pork By-Products Word Search (KEY) Pigs are raised for meat to help feed people all over the world. In order to use the entire pig, byproducts are made or extracted from the remaining almost 25% of the pig. No other animal produces a wider range of by-products than pigs do. Look for 28 hog by-products in the word search. Some of them are real stinkers and may be found across, down, diagonal, and backwards! S E Y H E E V S S L T D E O B Z B R D E G J W B U D F Y T G L U E E Y U Y V G U U W C Q E K P D A E R X B D T Y G T G H K B W X T A N K V Z D P J Z S O B T F C U J V N F C A R T L I C T J J Q I E C C C U S G D I P R M D G T O I E R B A J Y T E R H I E V C C F O R P S M W N A S C O Q N B J R Q O V T R V W X V U Q B X Y S R Q M P A X O K F Z W L C E K F R E B B U R A M V R G D U K N I I P M A L E M W A T E R P R O O F I N G A G E N T S R I T E L S X E R S R E L L I K D E E W C S N A S I V E R L O F E R T I L I Z E R S N C H E A X L U N M R S O C Y N L J I H S R H L I I I C H G D U P T R F Z P P O R X I A S C F L P T N T O F S D S T I F I B H H X I E J N E T A M S A I C K H Q J N W N S L O A G P D W T M O B B A B C Y S V G W W I Z G S T B N O J S I E S T L L R I S T N E M A N R O I A E V E W S D N N O L P E D U D O O F T E P E M D L R J I W P T M O S U O E U L S F L O O R W A X H G S E N A N X F F K U S H I M W H L N N Z M R T L U Z E F L H Z D E Z J L T P E M U E B T N L V N E W S R Q Z G P O H K I R I R U G V I S K A M L B N B V V L Q E Q W L L A O U N O E E I D C O S U C Y T G A L S G U A C A P Z C S R N I S A Y C O E O F M X E F L P H T V R U R W K E X D U S S C R A Y O N S U Z Z C J R X V J H O I N U H X X W N G J W R K G O B K ANTIFREEZE ARTIST BRUSHES BONE CHINA BUTTONS CELLOPHANE CEMENT CHALK COSMETICS CRAYONS FERTILIZER FLOORWAX FOOTBALLS GLASS GLUE INSECTICIDES INSULATION INSULIN LINOLEUM LUBRICANTS MATCHES ORNAMENTS PET FOOD PLASTIC PRINTING PUTTY ROLLERS RUBBER UPHOLSTERY Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 57

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59 Lesson #6: Hogs on a Diet Grades K-4: Post-trip WI State Learning Standards: F.4.4 Using the science themes*, develop explanations* for the connections among living and nonliving things in various environments. Objectives: Students will identify an assortment of feed grains and learn the importance of eating a variety of foods, both for themselves and for farm animals. Materials: Shoebox An assortment of animal feed grains available from feed stores wheat, corn, soybeans, grain sorghum (Ask for samples from broken bags.) Background: Swine were among the first of all animals to be domesticated around 6,000 years ago. A domesticated animal is one that is trained to live in a human environment and be of use to humans. The Spanish explorer Hernando DeSoto brought the first swine to the New World in Female swine are called sows. Sows give birth to litters of pigs twice a year. Each litter usually has eight to 12 baby pigs. Giving birth to baby pigs is called farrowing. Baby pigs appear very greedy when they are competing for food from their mothers. For this reason the words pig and hog have come to be associated with greedy behavior. Despite their reputation, pigs will never overeat. Once a pig is full, it stops eating. Pigs are weaned when they are two to four weeks old. They are called nursery pigs until they reach 50 pounds and growing/finishing pigs from then until they reach about 240 pounds. After that they are called hogs. Hogs are usually taken to market when they weigh pounds. In the past, hogs were fed table scraps and had a reputation for eating just about anything. The meat from hogs fed that way was very high in fat. Today s swine producers are more careful about what they feed their animals. Some of the food fed to swine is corn, wheat and soybean meal. Vitamins and minerals are added to increase growth and improve health. Today s hogs weigh more, but because producers plan their diets carefully, they grow more efficiently and yield more lean meat than ever before. Bacon, pork sausage, pork chops and ham all come from hogs. In addition, swine are used in the production of non-food products like fertilizer, glass, china, floor wax, chalk, crayons, and heart valves. (see pages 54 and 58 for swine by-products) Pork provides protein, B-vitamins and thiamin to our diets. Pork has three times as much thiamin as any other food. Thiamin changes carbohydrates into energy and promotes a healthy appetite. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 59

60 Language Arts: 1. Read and discuss background and vocabulary. 2. Hand out copies of the Hogs on a Diet reading page and worksheet (pages 61 and 62). Have students read independently and use the reading page to answer questions on the worksheet. Science/Math: 1. Before class time, place a few grains of each type of feed in the shoe box. Place the shoe box on a table in the front of the room so students can see it, but don t let them move it or look inside. Students will guess what is in the box. Shake the box. Is there any sound? What does it sound like? Open the box, and allow students to feel what is inside without seeing it. What does it feel like? Show students the feed grains, and ask them to identify each one. Explain that hogs and other kinds of animals eat these kinds of grains and that, just like us, hogs need a variety of foods to help meet their nutritional needs. 2. Students will sort the grains, organize them in groups, count the grains in each group by 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s, and then create graphs to represent the data. 3. Students will use the grains to construct addition and subtraction facts or multiplication and division facts. Extensions: 1. Discuss the nutritional value of pork, and ask students where pork belongs on the USDA Food Guide Pyramid. 2. Have students make a list of common phrases associated with swine (living high on the hog, acting like a pig in a poke, being in hog heaven). Have students research the meaning of the phrases and their origins. Extra reading: Geisert, Arthur, Oink, Houghton Mifflin, King-Smith, and Anita Jerame, All Pigs Are Beautiful, Candlewick, Scieszka, Jon, and Lane Smith, The True Story of the 3 Little Pigs,Viking, Tym, Kate, and John Blackman, Pig Tales, Element, Assessment: Were students able to describe the sound and feel of the feed grain? Do they understand why we feed pigs special diets? Did they understand why the words hog and pig are associated with greedy behavior? Vocabulary: domesticated, swine, sow, litter, farrowing, greedy, wean, vitamin, mineral, efficient Lesson Plan adapted from Oklahoma Agriculture in the Classroom Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 60

61 Name: Hogs on a Diet (Reading) Swine were among the first of all animals to be domesticated - around 6,000 years ago. A domesticated animal is one that is trained to live in a human environment and be of use to humans. The Spanish explorer Hernando DeSoto brought the first swine to the New World in Female swine are called sows. Sows give birth to litters of pigs twice a year. Each litter usually has eight to 12 baby pigs. Giving birth to baby pigs is called farrowing. Baby pigs appear very greedy when they are competing for food from their mothers. For this reason the words pig and hog have come to be associated with greedy behavior. Despite their reputation, pigs will never overeat. Once a pig is full, it stops eating. Pigs are weaned when they are two to four weeks old. They are called nursery pigs until they reach 50 pounds and growing/finishing pigs from then until they reach about 240 pounds. After that they are called hogs. Hogs are usually taken to market when they weigh pounds. In the past hogs were fed table scraps and had a reputation for eating just about anything. The meat from hogs fed that way was very high in fat. Today s swine producers are more careful about what they feed their animals. Some of the food fed to swine is corn, wheat and soybean meal. Vitamins and minerals are added to increase growth and improve health. Today s hogs weigh more, but because producers plan their diets carefully, they grow more efficiently and yield more lean meat than ever before. Bacon, pork sausage, pork chops and ham all come from hogs. In addition, swine are used in the production of non-food products like fertilizer, glass, china, floor wax, chalk, crayons, and heart valves. Pork provides protein, B-vitamins and thiamin to our diets. Pork has three times as much thiamin as any other food. Thiamin changes carbohydrates into energy and promotes a healthy appetite. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 61

62 Name: Hogs on a Diet (Context Clue & Vocabulary Words) 1. What word from paragraph 1 means trained to live in a human environment? a. trained b. domesticated c. farrowing d. swine 2. What word from paragraph 3 means no longer drinking milk from the mother? a. nursery b. finishing c. market d. weaned 3. What does litter mean as it is used in this story? a. The young born to an animal at a single time. b. A messy collection of things scattered about. c. A device used to carry an injured person. 4. What word from the story could be included in this list of synonyms? Look in paragraph two. grasping, coveting, desirous, unquenchable, piggish 5. What word from paragraph 4 means to make better? 6. Re-read this sentence from the story. In the past, hogs were fed table scraps and had a reputation for eating just about anything. What is another way to say that hogs had a reputation for eating just about anything? a. Hogs were able to eat anything. b. Hogs were known for eating anything. c. Hogs refused to eat anything. 7. Which definition for appetite is closest to the way it is used in the last paragraph? a. The need for food. b. A strong wish for something. c. Positive regard for something. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 62

63 Name: Hogs on a Diet (Context Clue & Vocabulary Words - KEY) 1. What word from paragraph 1 means trained to live in a human environment? a. trained b. domesticated c. farrowing d. swine 2. What word from paragraph 3 means no longer drinking milk from the mother? a. nursery b. finishing c. market d. weaned 3. What does litter mean as it is used in this story? a. The young born to an animal at a single time. b. A messy collection of things scattered about. c. A device used to carry an injured person. 4. What word from the story could be included in this list of synonyms? Look in paragraph two. grasping, coveting, desirous, unquenchable, piggish, greedy 5. What word from paragraph 4 means to make better? improve 6. Re-read this sentence from the story. In the past, hogs were fed table scraps and had a reputation for eating just about anything. What is another way to say that hogs had a reputation for eating just about anything? a. Hogs were able to eat anything. b. Hogs were known for eating anything. c. Hogs refused to eat anything. 7. Which definition for appetite is closest to the way it is used in the last paragraph? a. The need for food. b. A strong wish for something. c. Positive regard for something. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 63

64 Paper Plate Pig Art Project You ll need: One extra large dinner size paper plate (pink or paint it pink) One dessert size paper plate (pink or paint it pink) Pink construction paper Markers Pink paint Wiggly eyes Pink pipe cleaner Stapler and staples Hole punch One small paper drinking cup Directions: 1. Have the students turn the dessert plate inside out. This is the pig s head. 2. Have the students color or paint the outside of the small paper drink cup pink. 3. Have the students turn the cup upside down and staple it to the pig s head by folding the flaps out and stapling on the flaps 4. Have the students staple the pig s head to the lower middle of the extra large paper plate. The extra large paper plate will be the pig s body. 5. Have the students cut a tail, two ears and two feet out of pink construction paper and staple them to the pig. The feet should be staples to the bottom of the pig s body. The ears should be stapled to the pig s head. The tail can be curled by sliding it along a scissor blade. Then the tail should be stapled to the back of the pig s body. You could also use a curled pink pipe cleaner for a tail. Punch a hole with circle hole punch and attach it through the hole at the top of the pigs body. 6. Have the students use markers to draw eyes, mouth and nostrils in the snout. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 64

65 A Practically Perfect Piglet Art Project You ll need: Old CD s Flet or construction paper (pink) Paper towel roll Craft paint (pink) Wiggle eyes Pipe cleaners (black) Glue (craft and hot glue) Black fine-point markers Directions: 1. Paint a paper towel or wrapping paper roll (pink). Allow to dry. 2. Cut roll into 1 ½ inch pieces. 3. Use the end of the roll to race circles on pink construction paper. Cut out the circles and glue one to the end of each 1 ½ inch cylinder. 4. Trace around the CD on felt or construction paper twice. Cut out the circles and glue to the front and back of the CD. 5. Glue the painted piece of towel roll in the center of one side of the covered CD. This is your pig s snout. 6. Attach wiggle eyes to the front of the CD above the snout. 7. Use a black, fine-point marker to add additional features to yoru piglet. 8. Curl a 3-inch piece of pipe cleaner around a pencil. Attach to the back of the CD with hot glue. Visit for more pig craft ideas. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 65

66 Proud Pig Mask Pig Snouts: Paper pig snouts are easy to make and fun for kids to wear while listening to a storybook. Take a small paper cup and trim the rim of the cup down to the size of a pig snout. Draw nostrils on the bottom of the cup. To attach the nose to the child s face, punch 2 holes on either side of the cup about 1/4 inch down from the top. Thread string or ribbon through the holes and tie around the child s head. Swine are Divine Compiled by Busy Barns Adventure Farm LLC Page 66

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