Mapping the Global Virome. Making the Unknown Known. And the World Safe From a Future of Viral Threats

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Arnold Randall
6 years ago
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1 Mapping the Global Virome Making the Unknown Known. And the World Safe From a Future of Viral Threats

2 If you know your enemies and know yourself, you will not be imperiled in a hundred battles;..if you do not know your enemies nor yourself, you will be imperiled in every single battle. Sun Tzu

3 The Problem

4 Number of EVD Events HIV Avian Influenza Nipah SARS H1N1 Zika Ebola MERS We are not prepared! The threat from novel viruses is increasing Actual Projected Each year, approx. 3 new Viral Diseases emerge Driven by Population expansion (1.6 billion in 1900 to 11.5 billion people in 2100) Increased encroachment into wildlife habitat accelerates the spillover of unknown viruses from wildlife to humans Decades Source: Jones et al. (2008) Nature Increasing risk from accidental and/or intentional release of laboratory enhanced viruses

5 The Need

6 To Move From Reactive to Proactive We need to reimagine HOW we understand and prepare for future threats To regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination. Albert Einstein

7 The Opportunity

8 We Know There are approximately 1.5 million viruses circulating in wildlife that are unknown a finite universe We can capture and characterize the vast majority of these viruses - turning the unknown into the known We have the ability to use this knowledge convert the sciences of viral diseases into a big data science being transformative and disruptive We can use this information to convert our response to viral threats from reactive to proactive protecting the world from future viral diseases

9 The Solution

The Global Virome Project The Global Virome Project (GVP) is a global partnership to transform the sciences of emerging viral diseases by: Developing a global database of virtually all

10 The Global Virome Project The Global Virome Project (GVP) is a global partnership to transform the sciences of emerging viral diseases by: Developing a global database of virtually all of the planet s naturallyoccurring viral threats Making the world of emerging diseases a data-rich field driving the advanced development of countermeasures, against all future threats

GVP Builds a Comprehensive Viral Database GVP viral surveillance and collection Metadata on viral ecology host range, geographic distribution, epidemiology Genomic sequence

11 GVP Builds a Comprehensive Viral Database GVP viral surveillance and collection Metadata on viral ecology host range, geographic distribution, epidemiology Genomic sequence generation Sequence database Viral Atlas Database A comprehensive ecologic and genetic database on all naturallyoccurring viruses Enabling A Transformative and Disruptive Public Health Tool Box

12 Being Transformative and Disruptive Turning the Sciences of Emerging Viral Disease into Big Data sciences

13 The Approach

14 GVP: Getting to the Source Mammals and water fowl are viral reservoirs Mammalian Habitat ranges Waterfowl breeding hotspots

15 GVP: Mammalian Virome Over 10 years, will target: 68.5% of global mammalian viruses, by sampling 63.5% of global mammalian diversity, to find 71% of mammalian virome 108 Global Sampling Sites Phase 1: 10 countries, 1,562 mammals, $366.4 M Phase 2: 16 countries, 970 mammals, $258 M Phase 3 23 countries, 447 mammals, $132.9 M

16 GVP: Making the Unknown KnownGVP Phase 1: 41% 85% of Global Virome Phase 2: 21% Phase 3: 9% Water fowl: 14%

17 The Impact

Impact 1: Development of Broad Countermeasures Converting Virology into a data-rich field SARS Universal Corona Virus Vaccine Thousands of other Corona Viruses MERS GVP will enable the comparative

18 Impact 1: Development of Broad Countermeasures Converting Virology into a data-rich field SARS Universal Corona Virus Vaccine Thousands of other Corona Viruses MERS GVP will enable the comparative analysis of thousands of members of each viral family and the advanced development of next generation countermeasures that are broadly effective rather than against individual viruses (e.g. MERS, SARS)

Impact 2: Pandemic/Epidemic Prevention Drive

Minimizing the Risk of Spillover GVP will

epidemiology the identification of viruses that

19 Impact 2: Pandemic/Epidemic Prevention Drive Targeted, High-Impact Risk Mitigation Minimizing the Risk of Spillover GVP will enable through detailed characterization of every virus's ecologic profile spanning host range, geographic distribution, and epidemiology the identification of viruses that pose the greatest potential threat and the targeting of measures to prevent spillover

20 Parallels to the Human Genome Project An audacious but doable visionary project Clear metrics and goals Disruptive and transformative Can be done in phases where each phase itself generates useful information The potential to change the way we do science and engage global health

21 GVP Organizational Partners include:

Identifying, Preparing for & Reducing Pandemic Risk

Identifying, Preparing for & Reducing Pandemic Risk Jonna Mazet, DVM, MPVM, PhD Professor of Epidemiology & Disease Ecology One Health Institute School of Veterinary Medicine University of California,