Index. Barbarism, and susceptibility. Cadaverization, Carol, ].-B., 32. in, 42-45

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1 Index Ackerknecht, E. H., 144, Aid stations, Air quality, 17-19, 64-65, 85-86, 136, 161, See also Atmospheric etiology of disease Ambient environment theory, 9-91 Ambulances, Aptitude for disease, , , 188 Aries, Philippe, 42 Arrondissement commissions, Astrology, 179 Atmospheric etiology of disease, , , , , 179, 183, Aubert -Roche, Louis -Remy, 19, 193 Austria, spread of cholera to, 5, 190 Barbarism, and susceptibility to disease, 97, Bastiat, Frederic, 141 Belgium, spread of cholera to, 37 Berard, Frederic, 1 4 Bernard, Claude, 127 Bichat, Xavier, 12 I, 125 Boisseau, Fran ($ois - Gabriel, 43 Bonnet Auguste - Ferdinand,, ,, 129 Bouillaud jean, - Baptiste, 117, , 140, 178, 129, 175 Boulay de la Meurthe, Henri - Georges, 198 Bourgeoisie, 49-50, 58 - ) 9, 96, , charity efforts by, control over underprivileged, 4, 200 moral qualities of, response to disease, 8, 1, Bressy, J., 1 7 Bretonneau Pierre, - Fidele, , , - 134, Broussais Fran ~ ois Joseph, - - Victor 59, 112, 119 -,, , , 14, , , 163, 175, 178, Burial, delay and difficulties in, Cadaverization, Carol, ].-B., 32

2 246 Cham beret, Jean Baptiste Tyrbas de, 187 Character traits, and disease, 12, 18, 30-31, 103, , 198 Charity efforts, 34-37, Chervin, Nicolas, 14, 42, 142, 166 Chevalier, Louis, 53-54, 64, 141 Chevalier, Michel, 2, 4-5, 9, I 1-13, 199 Church (Catholic ), 34, 37, 60 Civilization as protection against disease, 1-2, I 1-12, 15-17, 20, 97-98, 102, 104 Climate and topography, II, 18, 74-75, 83, 86-90, 152, 166 Contagionism, 7, 9, 13-14, 22, 71, , , , , , , 174, , , 186, 198 Cruveilhier, Jean, 13, I 34 Dalmas, Antoine, 50-5 I, I 18, 180 Death registration, Decentralization of treatment facilities, 27-28, Delpech, Jacques Matthieu, 69-70, 90 Diet, See also Poisoning theory Disease, existence of, 6 Divine punishment, disease as, Dothinentery theory, 13 I- I 35, 158 Double, Fran<;ois- Joseph, 42, Drainage systems, 2 I, 28-29, 34-35, Drugs, 68 Dupuytren, Guillaume, 185, 188 Electrical etiology of disease, 88 Empirical medicine, 68 England, spread of cholera to, 5, 37, 90, 124, 190 Epidemic disease. See Infectionism Epidemiology, 6, , , 198 Eugenics, 53 Experimental medicine, 7, 117, 119, , 198 Fodere, Fran<;ois- Emmanuel, 21, 86 Fontenelle, Julia de, 57, 64-65, 185 Foucault, Michel, 79, 106, 116, , 158, 161, Foville, Achiile-Louis de, Foy, Fran<;ois, Fracastoro, Girolamo, 156 Gavarret, Dominique-Jules, 91, 110 Gendron, Esprit, , 160, 163, 171, 174, 193 General Council of Hospices, 26, 35, 45 Geographic etiology of disease, Geological etiology of disease, 89, 92-93, 95 Gerardin, Vincent-Auguste, Germ theory, 156, 158, 160, 167 Germany, spread of cholera to, 5

3 247 Giraudeau de Saint - Gervais, Juste - Milieu, 4, 8, 71, Jean, 101 Government mistrust of, 8, 10, 48, 50-57, Larrey, ]. - D., 1-2, 4-5, 9, and national temperament, 18 response to disease, 6-8, 10, 22-45, Habitat, Haller, Albrecht von, 121 Health inspectors, 23, 25-26, 38-39, 192 Heine, Heinrich, Hildebrandt, Georg Friedrich, , 176 Latrines and outhouses, inspection of, Ledeschault, P., 129 Le Maout, C., 93, 95 Lemasson, T., 152 Leprosy, 143, 158, 161 Leuret, Fran <; ois, 90 Literature, hygienic influence of, 1 I 1 Littre, Emile, 49, 52, 187 Living conditions, 7, 1 I, 3 [ - 32, 77-86, [ 56, [ 76, [ 80 - [ 8 [. [ 88. [ 08 Hippocratic tradition, II, 18, Louis - Philippe, 34-35, , Hospital architecture, 17 Hospitalization, 26-28, 32, 34-37, Housing, 75-76, 78, 81-83, Humoral pathology, 7, 113, , , 198 Hungary, spread of cholera to, 5 Hydraulic etiology of disease, 87, 88, 9, Hygienic measures. See Public health Immunity to disease, , , 188 India, spread of cholera to, 5, Infectionism, 7, 13-14, 22, 135, , , , , , , , 198 Inflammations, special, , 155 Inoculation against disease, Magendie, Fran ~ ois, 57, 68, 112, 117, , 126, , 133, 172, Malthusian theory, Marey, Etienne Jules, I 27 Medical constitutions, 87, 91-92, , 183 " Medical police," 4, 28 Medical theories, 6, 13, 22, 56, 148, experimental theories, 7, I 17, 119, , 198 humoral pathology theory, 7, 113, , , 198 nervous pathology theory, 7, 69, 71, 117, 119, , 198 physiological theories, 7, 107, 117, , 126, 137, , , , 198 Meray, R. - E, Mesology, 91 Metral, A., 64 Moral qualities, 12, 31, 53, 63, , 198. See also Juste - Milieu

4 248 Morbid specificity theory, 133, 135, , 181, 198 Moreau de Jonnes, Alexandre, 25, 167, I 84, 189 Mortality rates, 5, 12, 31, 4, 69, 73-98, 1 4 Moulin, E., I I I, I I 2 National temperament, 18, 1 3 Natural phenomenon, cholera as, , 1 5 Neighborhood commissions, 27-3, Nervous pathology, 7, 69, 71, 117, 119, , 198 Neurosis, 7 Nysten, Pierre, 179 Occupational groups, Organic space, 80 Orleans, Duke of, Paracelsus, Theophrast von Hohenheim, 179 Paris, I 72, I 78 evacuation of, 32, 58 health commissions in, 27-30, investigation of cholera in, and mortality rates, 5 riots in, Pariset, Etienne, 14, 98 Perier, Casimir, 25, 32, 40 Persia, spread of cholera to, 5 Petit, Marc Antoine, 130 Petit de Maurienne, A., Physicians, 8, 10, 4, 55-57, 65, 68-69, 72 Physiological medicine, 7, 1 7, 117, , 126, 137, , , , 198 Pinel, Philippe, 95, , 151 Piquemal, J., 13 Plague, 104, 143 Poisoning theory, 7-8, 10, 48-55, 57-58, 65, Poland, spread of cholera to, 5, 23 Police, role of, 26-28, 40, 54, 66-67, 109 Poll tics, cholera and, , 190 Population densities, 75-76, 78, 81 Predisposition to disease, 7, 79-80, 95, 108, , Preventive measures, 6. See also Health inspectors ; Public health ; Quarantines and sanitary cordons ; Sanitary measures; Segregation of cholera victims Proletariat, 37, 47-50, 58-59, attitudes toward, 8-10, 12, 31, 38, 52-53, 59, 61, living conditions of, 7, II, 31, 32, moral qualities of and mortality rates, 12, 31, 78 response to disease, 6, 8, 10, Prost, Pierre Antoine, 93, 101, 117, 181 Prussia, spread of cholera to, 5, 190 Psorentery theory, , 198 Public health, 6, II, 13-14, 20-22, 32, 34, 63, 65-66, 85, during Ancien Regime, 18-19, 66 and Juste-Milieu, III - I ] 2

5 249 Public surveil lance, 28-30, 38-40, 62, See also Social control Quarantines and sanitary cordons, 9, 13-14, 22, 141, 143, 161, 189 of seaport cities, 24-26, 142, 19 I - I 94 Remusat, Charles de, Report, Resistance to disease, , 181 Riots, 59-62, 64, 66-67, Roche, L.- C., I 18, I 27 Rochoux, ].-A., 129, 139, 168, 176 Royal Academy of Medicine, 15, 23-24, 71, 83-84, 175 Rudolph i, Charles -Asm und, 99 Rural and urban populations, Russia, spread of cholera to, 5, 23, 25, 37, 49-5, 189 Sanitary cordons. See Quarantines cordons and sanitary Sanitary measures, 9, 13, 17, 19, 31, 34-36, 40, 63 Segregation of cholera victims , 32, 36, 55, , 158, Seine Health Council, 28 Serres, Antoine, Etienne R. A., 13, 134 Serullas, Georges - Simon, 1 85 Sewage disposal, 17, 28-29, 34, Smallpox, Social change, and disease, Social control, 28, 32-45, 66. See also Public surveil lance Social response to disease, 6-1 I Social space, 80 Sources of infection theory, , 160, 163, 176, 180, , 188 Special inflammations , 155 Statistics, medical use of, 43-44, 83, 110 Sydenham, Thomas, Symptomatology, 50-51, 93, Tacheron, C.- E, 1 10 Telluric etiology of disease, 99 Temperance, and disease, Typhus, 15-16, 186 Uniformity of nature principle, Urban and rural populations, Urban redevelopment, 29-30, 62 Valleix, Fran~ois, 110 Velpeau, Alfred, Villerme, Louis- Rene, 78, 153 Voisin, ].-C., 99 Waste disposal, 21, 28-29, Water supply, 69 Working classes. See Proletariat Working conditions, , 21, 29-3,

6 250 Yellow fever, 143, , Zones of disease origin, 184 Zoological etiology of disease, 93-94

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