On a piece of A3 paper, you need to split it in half, one half for Treatments, one half for preventions.

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2 On a piece of A3 paper, you need to split it in half, one half for Treatments, one half for preventions. Renaissance Treatments Renaissance Preventions As we go through this lesson, you re going to hear from some Renaissance characters who will tell you about treatments and preventions, your job is to note their ideas down with pictures for the illiterate people of the time! Eg Idea 1: Transference you could transfer your illness onto a vegetable

3 Treatments Important to note before looking into Renaissance Treatments We still believe that an imbalance in our humours causes illness, so our treatments still focus on rebalancing them! Disappointing we know!...

4 Treatments Change or Continuity? Idea 1: Transference One can simply transfer your illness or disease from you, to something else! How might this work? Simple! You might rub an onion on your warts and your warts will transfer to the onion!

5 Treatments Idea 2: Herbal Remedies Change or Continuity? We rely heavily on herbal remedies, they ve worked for years! We do have this new idea though involving colours of the herbs. What do you think this idea is? Obvious, if your symptom is red, like smallpox, we ll treat you with a red cure, like drinking red wine, eating red foods and wearing red clothes! If your symptom is yellow, like jaundice, then a yellow herb such as radish or saffron.

6 Treatments Idea 2: Herbal Remedies While I m here, you should probably know that we do have a load of new herbs that the Middle Ages didn t have because of our exploration of the New World! What is the New World? These new herbs are opening a whole load of new opportunities. We now have sarsparilla to treat the Great Pox (Syphilis), Ipecac for treating Dysentery, Cinchona bark from Peru to treat Malaria, a favourite of Sydenham! Other new arrivals: Tea, coffee, nutmeg, cinnamon and tobacco Change or Continuity?

7 Treatments Idea 3: Chemical Cures Medical chemistry is all the rage these days, scientists are working on chemical treatments instead of bleeding and herbs! We use a lot of mercury and antimony these days, as it promotes sweating! Why is sweating so important? Simple! It cools the body down! Same idea as purging really, we think it removes the illness! A lot of antimony can lead to vomiting. Please don t think we give these poisons pure, they are compounds, safer! Change or Continuity?

8 Treatments Idea 3: Chemical Cures Syphilis (Great Pox)

9 Preventions Clearly, preventing disease in the first place is still the best way forward! If you don t want to die, don t get sick, simple! Change or Continuity?

10 Preventions Idea 1: Moderation Remain moderate in all that you do, avoid draughts, exhaustion, rich and fatty foods, too much strong alcohol, oh and don t be lazy! Change or Continuity? Also, if you're born small and weak, you ll probably get ill later in life! What could a person get to help with this? Regimen Sanitatis

11 Preventions Idea 2: Cleanliness Your home and body should be clean and free from bad smells, you know the drill! Cleanliness is next to Godliness! Change or Continuity? Although, we re not using the public baths so much these days since syphilis arrived! Was it the baths that spread syphilis or the fact the bath houses became brothels?

12 Preventions Idea 2: Cleanliness Homeowners are now fined for not cleaning the streets outside their homes. Projects are set up to drain swamps and bogs. Change or Continuity? Minor criminals will be set the task of removing sewage and picking up rubbish from the streets as a punishment What are these ideas dealing with?

13 Preventions Idea 3: Avoidance If you can, the best way to prevent sickness is to move away from an infected area! Change or Continuity? Avoid certain weather conditions too! Scientists have come up with these new thermometers and barometers, they are checking to see if there is a link between weather and outbreaks

14 Change & Continuity Summary: Use your Structure Strip to help you

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16 What option were there for care in the Renaissance?

17 Medical Care You have a sheet that has all of the information for care in the Renaissance period. You need to read through this sheet deciding if these show change or continuity Change Continuity

18 Apothecary Mixing herbs and remedies What new herbs might the Renaissance apothecary now have to mix? Apothecaries had an apprentice who would learn from the master and one day open his own apothecary Needed a licence to practice their trade Medical chemistry meant the apothecary needed better training Provided services for the poor

19 Barber Surgeon Carry out simple surgery Education and practise increased due to wars being fought with new weapons, leading to new wounds Apprenticeships available to learn from the master Licence needed to practice their trade Provided services for the poor

20 Physician I d rather have the advice or take medicine from an experienced old woman, who had been at many sick people s bedsides, than from the most learned but unexperienced physician Thomas Hobbes c. late1600s What can you infer from this? Trained at universities Some new ideas, but slow to take effect Anatomy and Medical Chemistry learnt Most lectures from books and in Latin Physicians inspired by new findings and ideas Vesalius & Harvey Little hands on training, difficult to get fresh corpses Better access to Medical text books and cheaper Printing Press Many out of work (due to protestant churches being plain) artists could draw for the test books

21 Hospitals A good diet provided Records show patients with wounds and curable diseases were admitted and discharged suggesting they got better A visit from a physician twice a day observing and prescribing treatment Medication given many hospitals had their own apothecary or pharmacy Henry VIII s dissolution of the monasteries dramatically changed availability of hospital care in England Why? Medieval hospitals were attached to the monasteries and ran by monks and nuns St. Bartholomew's in London only survived because Henry VIII funded it himself Small charity hospitals set up but it took time to get as many as before

22 Pest Houses What is a pest house? Specialised in a particular disease Plague houses and Poxhouses Versions of these had been around in Middle Ages called Lazar houses for leprosy Provided because a growing understanding that disease could be spread from person to person, just not how! Alternative from hospitals that did not admit contagious diseases

23 Pest Houses St. Pauls Cathedral converted into a Pest House during the Great Plague 1665, as well as many other outbreaks in London

24 Community Care Most cared for at home Plenty of people in the close communities to offer advice and mix remedies Women played a major role in caring Poor women worked in the big cities to support their families. They were often prosecuted for not having a licence Poor women made up simple remedies to purge, and were very popular, probably because they were cheaper

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