FLOWABLE FILL Controlled Low-Strength Materials

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Dennis Allen
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1 FLOWABLE FILL

2 FLOWABLE FILL Controlled Low-Strength Materials Unshrinkable Fill Controlled Density Fill Flowable Mortar Flowable Fly Ash Fly Ash Slurry Plastic Soil Cement Soil Cement Slurry

4 What is Flowable Fill? Flowable Fill is a self-compacted, cementitious material used primarily as a backfill as an alternative to compacted fill.

7 Flowable Fill: Advantages READILY AVAILABLE from ready mixed concrete suppliers, using locally produced materials. EASY TO DELIVER -Ready mix trucks can deliver specific quantities to the job site as needed. EASE OF PLACEMENT Can be self-leveling leveling and self-compacting, requiring minimal labor. PRODUCT VERSATILITY -Flowable Fill mixes can be adjusted to meet almost any requirements. STRONG AND DURABLE -Load carrying capacities can be higher than compacted fill. EASILY EXCAVATED - Fills having compressive strengths of 30 to 100 PSI are easily excavated with conventional digging equipment. REDUCED FIELD INSPECTION -Controlled densities and compaction requires little field testing. FAST RETURN TO TRAFFIC -Ease of placement, and ability to support traffic loads within several hours, minimizes downtime for pavement repairs. WILL NOT SETTLE -Flowable Fill will not settle or rut under loading. No need to return to job site at later date to repair settlement ruts. REDUCES EXCAVATING -Flowable Fill allows narrower trenches because it eliminates compaction equipment. IMPROVES WORKER SAFETY Workers can place Flowable Fill in a trench without entering the trench, reducing their exposure to cave-ins. ALL-WEATHER CONSTRUCTION Flowable Fill displaces any standing water left in trench from rain or melting snow, reducing the need for de-watering pumps. Flowable Fill can be placed in cold weather using the same methods for heating ready mixed concrete. REDUCED EQUIPMENT NEEDS Flowable Fill is placed without loaders, rollers, or tampers. REQUIRES NO ON-SITE STORAGE Fill is delivered by ready mix suppliers on request. MAKES USE OF WASTE BY-PRODUCT- Use of Fly Ash in Flowable Fill decreases the impact on landfills.

8 Section 710 Flowable Fill (Controlled Low-Strength Materials) DESCRIPTION. This work consists of furnishing, placing, and consolidating a flowable fill as an alternative to compacted soil. Applications for this material include, but are not limited to, general backfilling of drainage structures, entrenchments across pavements, encasements, beddings, void filling and other uses as directed on the plans or as approved by the Engineer. The flowable fill shall be a cementitious mixture of portland cement, fly ash (depending on application and mix design), fine aggregate, water, air entrainment, and appropriate admixtures for the particular application.

9 MATERIALS. Materials shall comply with the following Sections and Subsections. Portland Cement Fine aggregate Water Fly Ash Admixtures Flowable fill shall be designed, proportioned and meet requirements as shown in Table Trial batching will be required for excavatable and non-excavatable mixes to ensure appropriate job mix consistency and adherence to Table properties.

10 Flowable Fill Mix Design Mix designs shall yield 1.0 cubic yard absolute volume. Excavatable Non-Excavatable Cement Fly Ash Water Air ** Concrete Sand Unit Weight (wet) ** 28-Day Compressive Strength ** lb/yd lb/yd 3 * 10-35% Proportioned to Yield 1 yd lb/ft 3 Maximum 100 psi lb/yd lb/yd % Proportioned to Yield 1 yd lb/ft 3 Minimum 125 psi * Mix designs shall produce a consistency that will result in a flowable self-leveling leveling product at time of placement and adherence to the objectives of ** The requirement for percent air, compressive strength and unit weight are for laboratory designs only and are not intended for jobsite acceptance requirements *

11 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS. Before placement, provide temporary enddams or soil berms as directed by the Engineer to confine the flowable fill. Flowable fill shall be placed to the lines and grades shown on the plans or as directed by the engineer. Where flotation or misalignment may occur due to hydrostatic pressure, assure correct alignment and placement of the encased structure by using straps, soil anchors, or other approved means of restraint. Protect flowable fill from freezing for 36 hours after placement. Place flowable fill by chute, pumping or other methods approved by the Engineer. Due to flowable fill s liquid condition, hydrostatic pressure on adjacent structures should be taken into account on deep fills where multiple lifts may be required. While liquid, flowable fill in deep excavations is essentially a quicksand hazard and shall be protected until hardening occurs. Flowable fill will not require field sampling or testing other than the approved trial batch mix design, unless otherwise directed by the project engineer.

12 MEASUREMENT. Flowable fill will be measured by the cubic yard (m 3 ) by batch tickets as adjusted by the project engineer PAYMENT. Payment for flowable fill will be made at the contract unit price per cubic yard. Payment will be made under: Item No. Pay Item Pay Unit Flowable Fill Cubic Yard (m 3 )

13 Questions

MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS

MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS PAGE 312323-1 SECTION 312323 - PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS 1.2 SUMMARY A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification