Subject Index. Chronic illness characteristics 6 follow-up difficulty 7

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1 Subject Index Acute illness characteristics 5 crisis situation 4, 5 long-term follow-up 6 patient perspective 6 physician perspective 5 treatment 5 Alivisatos, John 17 Anticoagulation therapy, evidence-based patient education 137, 142 Assal, Jean-Philippe 1, 16, 17, 20, 40 Asthma, evidence-based patient education 136, 137 BASICS program, see Type 2 Diabetes BASICS Behavioral change, modeling 28, 29 Berger, Michael 17, 18, 20, 21 Body mass index (BMI) diabetes 101 self-management training end point 54 Bouchardat, Apollinaire 13, 14 Burnout, health care providers Chronic illness characteristics 6 follow-up difficulty 7 series of consultations with alternative objectives 8 11 World Health Organization initiatives 11 patient perspective 7 physician perspective 7 treatment 7 Cost-effectiveness analysis, Group Care economic analysis as differential analysis 120 outcome measures 119, 120, 128 relevant cost selection and measurement 118, 119 robustness of cost-effectiveness ratios 129 type 1 diabetes clinical results 126, 127 economic results 126, 128 study design 125, 126 type 2 diabetes clinical results 122, 125 economic results medication usage 124, 125 primary outcomes 121 questionnaires 121, 131 DAFNE study, see Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating study Darwinism, see Educational Darwinism Decision making, see Informed decision making Depersonalization, health care provider burnout

2 Diabetes Education Study Group (DESG) aims 40, 41, 50 curriculum in therapeutic patient education 49 education approach 42, 43 foundation 17, 40, 42, 133 national study groups 41, 42 publications five-minute education kit 46, 47 patient education basics 47, 48 structure 42 teaching letters 45, 46 Website 48, 49 workshops interactive group sessions 44, 45 lectures 44 participants 45 Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE) study, findings Dutch College of General Practitioners (DCGP), diabetes management guidelines 55 Dyslipidemia diabetes 101 Economic analysis, see Cost-effectiveness analysis, Group Care Education, see also Evidence-based patient education importance in diabetes management 37, 38 teaching comparison 30 Educational Darwinism disease versus illness acute versus chronic care 3, 4 comparisons in different languages 3 overview 1 3 European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Diabetes Education Study Group, see Diabetes Education Study Group diabetic education studies 20 Evidence-based patient education anticoagulation therapy 137, 142 asthma 136, 137 diabetes education as model 133 evolution 133, 134 framing of data hip fracture prevention by hip protectors 135, 136 hypertension 136 medical decision making in patients and consumers multiple sclerosis 142 presenting information to patients 139, 140 program evaluation framework 134, 135 training courses 143, 144 Follow-up acute-illness long-term follow-up 6 chronic-illness follow-up difficulty 7 series of consultations with alternative objectives 8 11 World Health Organization initiatives 11 Type 2 Diabetes BASICS 67 German Diabetes Association, educator training 20, 21 German structured education and treatment programs education effects on the quality of diabetes care blood pressure control 94, 95 East Germany political changes and impact HbA 1c as marker 85 88, 91 JEVIN Study 90, 94 measurement 84, 85 overview 84 prospects for intervention 95 quality-of-care definition 84 severe hypoglycemia type 2 diabetes hypertension insulin programs conventional therapy 71, 73, 74 Subject Index 149

3 German structured education and treatment programs (continued) insulin programs (continued) intensified therapy 78, 79 preprandial therapy 74, 75 prospects 80 type 2 diabetes 70, 71 Goal setting 28, 58, 66 Group education, see Cost-effectiveness analysis, Group Care; ROMEO; Type 2 diabetes; Type 2 Diabetes BASICS Guidance, definition and aims 31 HbA 1c diabetes 101, 104 marker for education effects on the quality of diabetes care 85 88, 91 self-management training end point 54 Hip fracture, evidence-based patient education for prevention by hip protectors 135, 136 Hypertension evidence-based patient education 136 German structured education and treatment program Information, definition 30, 31 Informed decision making anticoagulation therapy 142 medical decision making in patients and consumers multiple sclerosis 142 screening programs 143 Instruction, copying an action 30 Italy, diabetes epidemiology 117 JEVIN Study 90, 94 Learning definition and goals 29, 30 doing and learning 32 environment 28 imitation 32 Knowles s andragogy theory 104 motivation 32, 33 Lifestyle modification barriers 24 behavioral change modeling 28, 29 behavioral models 25, 26 patient perspective 26, 27 program development 26 Type 2 Diabetes BASICS, see Type 2 Diabetes BASICS Mistakes diabetic patients in self-care 27, 28 trial and error by patients 32 Motivation, importance in learning 32, 33 Multiple sclerosis, evidence-based patient education 142 National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), patient education models 37 Pestalozzi, Heinrich 24 Quality of life diabetes 101, 105 research growth 41 therapeutic objective 41 ROMEO aims 109 study design 109, 110, 112, 114 Saint Vincent Declaration 51, 52 Self-management training education integration with medical care 54, 58 efficacy body weight outcomes 54 end points 53, 54 HbA 1c levels 54 goals 52, 53 program requirements 58 self-monitoring of blood glucose 56, 57 Stolte, Karl Stress, health care providers 33, 34 Subject Index 150

4 Taking control, concept 31, 32 Teaching definition 30 education comparison 30 environment 28 evidence-based patient education 139, 140 Pestalozzi s recommendations 24 Team approach, diabetes management 35, 36 Type 2 diabetes economic analysis, see Cost-effectiveness analysis, Group Care German structured education and treatment programs 70, 71 Group Care efficacy compared with individual education, see also ROMEO; Type 2 Diabetes BASICS body mass index 101 dyslipidemia 101 HbA 1c 101, 104 knowledge of diabetes modification of health behavior 101 quality of life 101, 105 study design Type 2 Diabetes BASICS benefits of group education 68 conceptual framework 63 evaluation of efficacy 68 follow-up 67 lifestyle interventions carbohydrate counting 65, 66 goal setting 66 natural progression of disease education 67 physical activity 66 prioritization 64 recording of food and blood glucose 67 session duration and structure 63, 64 Staged Diabetes Management integration 62 United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) dietary modification impact 25, 66 evidence-based patient education 140, 141 glycemic control versus blood pressure control outcomes 52 Subject Index 151

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