1.1 - Physical, emotional and social health, fitness and well-being

Transcription

1 1.1 - Physical, emotional and social health, fitness and well-being Learning objectives To understand the difference between physical, emotional and social health and the impact of exercise. To explain how lifestyle choices positively and negatively affect health. To understand the effect diet, alcohol and nicotine on health, fitness and well being.

2 Physical, emotional and social health How can exercise help an individual s health?

3 Health Health can be split into 3 categories. Physical, emotional (mental) and social.

4 Physical health Physical health can be achieved through: Improving specific components of fitness. i.e. agility Exercise can help improve the efficiency of heart and lungs. i.e. cardiovascular fitness

5 Physical health Physical activity will help individuals to lose weight. Exercise will burn up stored fat. Research has shown a greater life expectancy for those who participate in regular physical activity.

6 Emotional (mental) health Exercise also improves your mental well-being. It helps you feel good about yourself and can help you to cope with stressful situations. Emotional health may be achieved through: Exercise will provide a boost in self esteem and confidence. Exercise has been proven to increase an individual s feel good factor. Activity can relieve stress and tension from work or school.

7 Emotional (mental) health Exercise will provide a mental challenge. i.e. running a marathon can be mentally tough as much as physically. Sport can be fun and provide enjoyment to the performer.

8 Social health Social health may be achieved through: Sports teams and clubs are a great place to make friends - team mates, opponents and other club members. Exercise helps to develop social skills & develop friendships.

9 Social health Physical activity can improve teamwork skills as well as developing communication and leadership qualities. Exercise provides a competition or mental challenge. This might be against opposition or for a personal target.

10 Promotion of personal health through PEP Use of physical activity through a personal exercise programme will promote positive health changes. It is important to constantly design, develop, monitor and evaluate PEP targets to meet the needs of the individual.

11 Impact of lifestyle choices 1. Diet - Everyone needs to eat a balanced diet and depending on the physical demands of a sport may need adjusting. Consuming too many saturated fats and not enough fruit, vegetables and protein will affect an individual s health. The risk of cardiovascular disease is significantly reduced by lifestyle choices that promote cardiovascular health.

12 Impact of lifestyle choices 2. Activity level - There is a clear link between calorie intake, exercise levels and weight. If an individual s activity level is too low they risk becoming overweight or obese. If you eat more than you use the surplus energy is stored as body fat; this means you will become overweight which in itself increases your risk of disease and disability.

13 Impact of lifestyle choices 3. Work, rest & sleep balance the balance between training, sufficient rest between sessions and sleep is crucial to ensure a healthy body in maintained. An imbalance in any of these factors can make an individual unhealthy.

14 Impact of lifestyle choices 4. Recreational drugs alcohol and nicotine both have harmful side effects and can effect performance capacities as well as causing health issues.

15 Health, fitness and well-being Nicotine is taken into the blood stream through smoking. It is an addictive drug, which raises the heart rate and blood pressure

16 Health, fitness and well-being There are other ways smoking can damage someone s health: Lung cancer tars are deposited in the lungs, making them less efficient and can lead to cancer. Increased risk of heart disease. Carbon monoxide reduces the effectiveness of the oxygen-carrying capacity of haemoglobin. This therefore reduced levels of fitness. Increased likelihood of cancer.

17 Health, fitness and well-being Alcohol contains the chemical ethanol, which acts on the brain. It slows reactions and affects judgement.

18 Health, fitness and well-being There are other ways alcohol can damage health: Balance, coordination and reactions are affected Diuretic alcohol can increase water levels in urine and cause dehydration. Reduction of glycogen levels and slower lactic acid removal Liver problems, high blood pressure, increased risk of various cancers and heart attacks are some of the numerous harmful effects of excessive alcohol consumption

19 Apply it! What has stuck with you? Write the definition of fitness How can exercise in turn impacted on performance of the athlete below? Fitness, health and exercise Describe, using examples, the term health Explain the term exercise

20 Practice it! Exam questions 1. Complete the following statements about the benefits of regular participation in physical activity. Participation in physical activity can provide social health benefits, for example An increase in self-esteem, however, is an example of a... health benefit.

21 Practice it! Exam questions 2. Smoking is a lifestyle choice. Explain one way that smoking can impact negatively on health and wellbeing.

22 Practice it! Marks Scheme: 1. One mark for suitable example of social health benefit (up to one mark). For example: Social mixing (1), Making friends (1), Socialising with others (1), Learning teamwork/cooperation skills (1) One mark for correct identification of emotional health benefit or equivalent term; psychological or mental.

23 Practice it! Marks Scheme: 2. Any one from: Increases risk of lung cancer (1) as chemicals in the smoke enter the lungs (1) and damage the cells that line the lungs (1). Increases risk of bronchitis (1) by causing an infection of the main airways/bronchi in the lungs (1) due to breathing in the chemicals in tobacco smoke (1). Increases risk of pneumonia (1) because smoking damages the lining of the lungs (1), therefore the lungs are at greater risk of becoming infected (1). Increases risk of emphysema (1) by killing the cilia (1) so that they are not available to clear toxins from the airways (1).