Ablation of Posteroseptal APs - Tips/Tricks
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1 blation of Posteroseptal Ps - Tips/Tricks California eart Rhythm Symposium San Francisco September 7,202 Warren (Sonny) Jackman eart Rhythm nstitute University of Oklahoma ealth Sciences Center Oklahoma City, OK Disclosure Consulting: Lecture onoraria: - Biosense Webster - St Jude Medical - Endosense - Biosense Webster - Rhythmia Medical - Boston Scientific - CT - Biotronik - ytronus - Medtronic - Boston Scientific Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Posteroseptal Region Based on Original Duke Surgical blation Experience nnulus Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P nnulus Tricuspid nnulus Tricuspid nnulus LO Projection LO Projection
2 Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P - Earliest ntegrade nnulus - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retro (±) nnulus Tricuspid nnulus Tricuspid nnulus LO Projection LO Projection Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retro (±) - P Potential nnulus - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retro (±) - P Potential nnulus Tricuspid nnulus Oblique Course LO Projection LO Projection 2
3 Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retro (±) - Earliest Retro (±) Not Usually at Same Location Pacing R Not Usually at Same Location Pacing R Oblique Course Oblique Course LO Projection Short Local - at the Site of Earliest entricular ctivation Pacing R Short Local - at Site of Earliest entricular ctivation Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P 25 (25 ms) - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retro (±) Not Usually at Same Location Pacing Oblique Course Reverse Direction of trial ctivation 3
4 Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retro (±) Not Usually at Same Location Oblique Course Long Local - at the Site of Earliest Pacing entricular ctivation Pacing R Short Local - (25 ms) Pacing Marked ncrease in Local nterval at Long Site of Local Earliest - entricular (45 ms) ctivation (45 ms) Reverse Direction of trial ctivation Oblique Course Pacing R Pacing Pacing R Pacing P Oblique Course llows dentification of the P Potential Short Local - (25 ms) P Long Local - (45 ms) P Potential P Potential P Potential Obscured by Local trial Potential P Potential Obscured by Local trial Potential 4
5 Safety in Septal ccessory Pathway blation Midseptal Ps Prevent Block - Keep ablation electrode on ventricular side of tricuspid annulus Safety in Septal ccessory Pathway blation Midseptal Ps Prevent Block - Keep ablation electrode on ventricular side of tricuspid annulus - Unipolar tip electrogram (Uni ) records P potential but no atrial potential blation of igh Midseptal P R -PS MS MS T R Bip -2 Uni 2 Targeting a igh Midseptal P P P RO Projection Uni p d P No P 00 ms 5
6 Targeting a igh Midseptal P Targeting a igh Midseptal P R Bip -2 R Bip -2 MS T Uni 2 P P MS T Uni 2 P P Uni p P No P Uni p P No P Sharp P No d d 00 ms 00 ms MS T R Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni p d Targeting a igh Midseptal P P P P No P Sharp P No RF # Success Reduce Risk of Block blation Catheter Beneath Septal Leflet of Tricuspid alve blation of Midseptal P R MS T RO Projection 00 ms 6
7 Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Left Midseptal P Left Midseptal P Tricuspid nnulus nnulus Tricuspid nnulus nnulus LO Projection LO Projection Left Midseptal ccessory Pathways Left Midseptal ccessory Pathways Major Clue to Left Midseptal Location Major Clue to Left Midseptal Location P Tricuspid nnulus nnulus Tricuspid nnulus nnulus During Retrograde P Conduction: Similar Timing of trial ctivation in and Proximal Electrograms During Retrograde P Conduction: Similar Timing of trial ctivation in and Proximal Electrograms 7
8 R LO Projection 9 TS Same - nterval Similar Timing of Retrograde trial ctivation in and Prox Electrograms R p d RT Posteroseptal P Left Midseptal ccessory Pathways Similar Timing of Retrograde trial ctivation in and Proximal Tricuspid nnulus Push Mapping Catheter gainst Roof of the Ostium P nnulus Left Midseptal ccessory Pathways Similar Timing of Retrograde trial ctivation in and Proximal Roof of Os (Record Farfield Left Midseptum) R R Tricuspid nnulus P nnulus Roof Os Roof Os Push Mapping Catheter gainst Roof of the Ostium Records Farfield ctivation From Left Midseptal Region RO LO 8
9 Far-Field P Potential Recorded from Roof of Os Far-Field P Potential Recorded from Roof of Os R p R p d Roof p Ostium d p Far-Field P Potential d Roof p Ostium d p Far-Field P Potential void blation at this Site d d. Only Transient P Block (Late Recurrence) 2. Risk of Fast Pathway Block Midseptal nnulus R R R p Roof Os MS-M MS-M Roof Os d MS-M p MS-M d P RO LO d L (PC) S S 00 ms 9
10 R p d MS-M p MS-M d Onset of Farfield R p d MS-M p MS-M d Onset of Farfield Local 5 ms fter Onset of Farfield ctivation d P d P L (PC) S S 00 ms L (PC) S S 00 ms R p d MS-M p MS-M d Onset of Farfield Local 5 ms fter Onset of Farfield ctivation R p d MS-M p MS-M d Onset of Farfield Local 5 ms fter Onset of Farfield ctivation d Oblique Course P d Oblique Course Target the P Potential with a Small on the Unipolar Electrogram P L (PC) S S 00 ms L (PC) S S 00 ms 0
11 Midseptal nnulus ccessory Pathways Midseptal nnulus ccessory Pathways LO orta LO orta Central Fibrous Body Midseptal nnulus 2 Patients Central Fibrous Body Midseptal nnulus 2 Patients /2 Prior Failed blation Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P nnulus Left Midseptal P Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P nnulus Left Midseptal P Tricuspid nnulus Left Posteroseptal P Tricuspid nnulus Left Posteroseptal P - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retrograde LO Projection LO Projection
12 Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P nnulus Left Midseptal P Right Midseptal and Posteroseptal P nnulus Left Midseptal and Posteroseptal P Tricuspid nnulus Left Posteroseptal P - Earliest ntegrade - Earliest Retrograde - Usually Oblique: P Potential nterior-superior Edge of Ostium LO Projection LO Projection 4 yo Male -PJRT Prior Failed RF R p d -S Bip -2 Os Uni 2 Uni p nterior-superior Ostium P P R p d Bip -2 -S Uni 2 Os Uni p RF # at nterior-superior Ostium P d d 2
13 L- Connections C C Myocardial Coat Myocardial Coat Courtesy of nton Becker Courtesy of nton Becker 240 uman earts Myocardial Coat Myocardial Extensions solated Myocardial Belts (9%) C (PC) Myo Extension Over PC (2% earts) Myo Extension Over (3% earts) () Myocardial Coat Michael v Ludinghausen et al, Clinical natomy 992 Courtesy of nton Becker 3
14 ypothesis -entricular Connection L- Connections Myocardial Coat Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways Result from Myocardial - entricular Connections ypothesis Sinus Ostium Myocardial Coat L Marshall -L Connection C Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation 2002 Small Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation 2002 L Sinus Myocardial Extensions - Connect to L Sinus-entricular Connections Sinus-entricular Connections Retrograde Conduction Sinus Ostium L ctiv Retrograde Conduction Sinus Ostium Earliest L ctiv L ctiv Small Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation 2002 E L ctiv LO Projection Small Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation 2002 E L ctiv LO Projection 4
15 Sinus-entricular Connections Sinus-entricular Connections Retrograde Conduction Sinus Ostium L Small Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation 2002 Delay in Reversing Direction of ctivation E L ctiv Earliest L ctiv LO Projection L ctiv Retrograde Conduction 3 Potentials in /. Retrograde E (P) L Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation 2002 E L ctiv LO Projection L ctiv Sinus-entricular Connections Sinus-entricular Connections Retrograde Conduction L ctiv Retrograde Conduction Delay in Reversing Direction of ctivation L ctiv 3 Potentials in /. Retrograde E (P) 2. Myocardium 3. L Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation E L ctiv LO Projection 3 Potentials in /. Retrograde E (P) 2. Myocardium 3. Left trium L Sun, Jackman, et al, Circulation E L ctiv LO Projection 5
16 LO Projection P R R 4 Retrograde P Conduction (RT) RB LO Projection P R R 4 Retrograde P Conduction (RT) RB RO Projection 8 # Extn RO Projection 8 #2 Myo # Extn R R 5 5 # Extn st Retrograde Potential - ctivation of Extension 8 5 #2 Myo 2 nd Retrograde Potential - ctivation of Myocardium R LO Projection P RO Projection R R 4 8 Retrograde P Conduction (RT) RB #2 Myo # Extn #3 L #3 L LO Projection Retrograde P: 2 Potentials in P R Potential First: L- Connection (Epi R PS P) 4 L Potential First: Conventional - Connection RO Projection 8 R RB 5 5 #3 L 3 rd Retrograde Potential - ctivation of Left trium 6
17 LO Projection Retrograde P: 2 Potentials in P R Potential First: L- Connection (Epi R PS P) 4 L Potential First: Conventional - Connection RB R dentify Origin of the Potentials Use a Late trial Extrastimulus 8 R L will be dvanced Before Myocardium 5 Floor 8 LO Projection R R Roof 0 Floor 8 deal entricular Pacing Wavefront Floor 8 L Pacing Site Roof 4 LO Projection LO Projection 7
18 Late trial Extrastimulus R 0 S 2 R 0 S 2 Roof Roof 4 8 S S 4 8 S S Floor Floor Late trial Extrastimulus Late trial Extrastimulus R S 2 R S 2 Roof Roof Floor 4 8 S S Floor 4 8 S S
19 Late trial Extrastimulus Late trial Extrastimulus R S 2 R S 2 Roof Roof Floor 4 8 S S Floor 4 8 S S dvanced - Unchanged Potential Precedes trial Potential - dvanced - Unchanged R 0 Late trial Extrastimulus 0 80 S Transition: Sinus-entricular Connection (Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway) Septal Roof Floor 4 8 S S Potential Precedes trial Potential - dvanced - Unchanged 9
20 Sinus-entricular Connection (Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway) Sinus-entricular Connection (Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway). - 2 Transition: Septal. - 2 Transition: Septal 2. Delta in af : Negative Level at or below Os 2. Delta in af : Negative Level at or below Os 3. Delta in Lead : Steep Negative Epicard PSP Sinus-entricular Connection (Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway) Sinus-entricular Connection (Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway). - 2 Transition: Septal. - 2 Transition: Septal 2. Delta in af : Negative Level at or below Os 2. Delta in af : Negative Level at or below Os 3. Delta in Lead : Steep Negative Epicard PSP 3. Delta in Lead : Steep Negative Epicard PSP Steep Negative Delta Wave in Lead Steep Negative Delta Wave in Lead ery Specific, Less Sensitive (70%) 20
21 Delta Wave in Lead Targeting Earliest Retrograde ctivation Negative soelectric Retrograde Conduction RF Sinus Ostium L L ctiv Earliest L ctiv Epicardial PS P (-L Connection) Right Posterolateral P (Not Epicardial P) Small E L ctiv LO Projection Targeting Earliest Retrograde ctivation Targeting Earliest Retrograde ctivation Retrograde Conduction Sinus Ostium Local Block with Shift in Site of Earliest L ctiv L RF L ctiv Earliest L ctiv Retrograde Conduction Sinus Ostium L RF L ctiv Earliest L ctiv Small E L ctiv LO Projection Small E L ctiv LO Projection 2
22 Targeting Earliest Retrograde ctivation Targeting Earliest Retrograde ctivation Retrograde Conduction Sinus Ostium Local Block with Further Shift in Site of Earliest L ctiv L RF L ctiv Earliest L ctiv Retrograde Conduction Sinus Ostium L RF L ctiv Earliest L ctiv Small E L ctiv LO Projection Small E L ctiv LO Projection Targeting Earliest Retrograde ctivation No Further Shift in Site of Earliest L ctiv Sinus Ostium L RF L ctiv Earliest L ctiv blation at Site of Earliest Retrograde trial ctiv Small E L ctiv LO Projection Myocardial Coat C 22
23 blation at Site of Earliest Retrograde trial ctiv blation at Site of Earliest Retrograde trial ctiv Dense L Connections C C Myocardial Coat Myocardial Coat Myocardial Coat deal blation Site Dense L Connections C blation in (entricular Connection) Retrograde Conduction deal blation Site blation of -entricular Connections Sinus Ostium Small L L Earliest L ctiv E Myo Extn L Connection L ctiv 23
24 blation Technique Use Saline rrigated Electrode Catheter blation Technique Use Saline rrigated Electrode Catheter - Will have impedance rise blation Technique Use Saline rrigated Electrode Catheter - Will have impedance rise rrigated RF Watts - Terminate RF MMEDTELY at beginning of any possible mpedance Rise (5 Ohms) LO Prior Unsuccessful blation in 24
25 Prior Unsuccessful blation in RO Projection P R R 4 Selecting the blation Site RO Projection R LO Projection Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni 0 E 5 RO Projection P R R 4 Selecting the blation Site RO Projection P R R 4 Selecting the blation Site R LO Projection Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni 0 E R LO Projection Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni 0 Too Deep E
26 LO Projection Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway (-L Connection) R R p d Bip -2 blation of Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway E E-L Fusion blation From the () blation of Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway blation of Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathway R p d Bip -2 Uni 2 E Early R p d Bip -2 Uni 2 E Early Deeper in than E-L Connection (No Unipolar E Potential) Uni Uni No E 26
27 Catheter Pullback in Catheter Pullback in R p R p d d Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni E Early E E Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni E Early E E E E No E No E Pre-RF Pre-RF Post-RF R p R p d Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni E E d Bip -2 Uni 2 Uni E E E Loss of E 27
28 Right ngiography RF blation in LO RO RC Close to at Orifice of LO RO RC RC RC Catheter RC Catheter Right rtery - RF njury Before RF blation fter RF pplication in () Chronic Right rtery Stenosis 4 Yr Male 5 yrs after RF in Ostium RC Catheter RC LO Projection 90% Stenosis RC Stenosis 28
29 RF blation Deep in RC Close to at Orifice of blation Site Pre-blation Post-blation Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways 79 Patients Distance Between deal blation Site and rtery 2mm 2mm - 5mm 5mm 54 Pts (68%) 7 Pts (8%) 8 Pts (24%) RC blation Site Deep voids Distal RC No Stenosis Sun, Jackman et al J M Coll Cardiology 200;880:3 Epicardial Posteroseptal ccessory Pathways 79 Patients Distance Between deal blation Site and rtery Thank You! 2mm 2mm - 5mm 5mm 54 Pts (68%) 7 Pts (8%) 8 Pts (24%) rterial njury: 2/3 Pts (67%) Sun, Jackman et al J M Coll Cardiology 200;880:3 29
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