Paper number: CC02 MACRO %NEWFLOW JIAN HUA (DANIEL) HUANG, FOREST LABORATORIES INC, NJ

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1 Paper number: CC02 MACRO %NEWFLOW JIAN HUA (DANIEL) HUANG, FOREST LABORATORIES INC, NJ ABSTRACT: If you use SAS Proc Report frequently, you will be familiar with the flow option. The flow option wraps the value of a character variable in its column, and it honors the split character which is defined in Proc Report. However, the flow option has two limitations. First, it dose not allow you to insert any indent spaces before wrapped lines. Second, if a character variable contains leading blank space, the flow option dose not carry on the leading blank space to wrapped lines. A macro program called %NEWFLOW has been designed to overcome these limitations. In this paper, I will demonstrate the application of %NEWFLOW with examples, discuss the logics of %NEWFLOW with a flowchart, and finally, give the source code of the macro program. BACKGROUND: There are multiple ways to generate a report. Among them, I used proc report procedure a lot. Because I find it is straight forward, dynamic and with many options available. One option called flow is very useful, it wraps the text string in its column and it honors the split character. However, in some cases, flow option dose not work well. For example, if I want to insert certain indent space in the beginning of wrapped lines, or if the original text string contains some leading blank spaces, and I want to carry on the same leading blank spaces to wrapped lines, the flow option itself does not work well. Therefore, I designed a macro program called %NEWFLOW. With the help of %NEWFLOW, the flow option can achieve the new functions by inserting indent spaces or carrying on leading blank spaces into wrapped lines. In next three chapters, I will discuss about the applications, logics and SAS codes of the macro. 1

2 APPLICATION OF %NEWFLOW: The application of %NEWFLOW is demonstrated by examples of AE tables summarized by Body System and Preferred term. The outputs of AE tables, before and after using %NEWFLOW, are listed and compared. Table 1 is a regular AE table output before applying %NEWFLOW. The ID column (the first column in the table) contains the character values of AE terms. Because multiple treatments (treat 1 - treat n) are required in this table, the ID column dose not has enough space to list every AE on one line. Therefore, flow option is called, and some AE with long text strings are wrapped. However, in this typical AE table summarized by two levels of AE terms, the lower level of AE terms (Preferred Terms) contain two leading blank space, when they are wrapped by flow option only, those leading blank spaces can not be carried on to wrapped lines. Table 1. AE tables summarized by SOC and Preferred Terms (Not apply %NEWFLOW macro and ID column without enough spaces) Body System Term Preferred Term Placebo Treat 1 Treat 2... Treat n Patient with at least one TEAE xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Blood and lymphatic system xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) disorders Anaemia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Haemorrhagic anaemia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Leukocytosis xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Neutropenia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiac disorders xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Aortic valve incompetence xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Atrial tachycardia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Atrioventricular block xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) first degree Bundle branch block right xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiac valve sclerosis xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiomyopathy xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Endocarditis noninfective xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve disease xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve incompetence xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve prolapse xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Palpitations xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Postural orthostatic xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) tachycardia syndrome Sinus bradycardia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) 2

3 In order to solve this problem, before using flow option, I apply %NEWFLOW macro on AE result dataset. Calling %NEWFLOW is just as simple as one line SAS statement as below: data result; set result; %Newflow(varin=aeterms, flowlen=30, indent=0, split=%str( )); run; (*Table definition of macro parameters is given later after the source SAS code) Table 2 is the AE table output after applying %NEWFLOW. The leading blank spaces for AE preferred terms are kept in wrapped lines. The output table looks more formal and neat than Table 1. Table 2. AE tables summarized by SOC and Preferred Terms (Apply %NEWFLOW macro: indent space=0) Body System Term Preferred Term Placebo Treat 1 Treat 2... Treat n Patient with at least one TEAE xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Blood and lymphatic system xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) disorders Anaemia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Haemorrhagic anaemia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Leukocytosis xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Neutropenia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiac disorders xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Aortic valve incompetence xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Atrial tachycardia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Atrioventricular block first xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) degree Bundle branch block right xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiac valve sclerosis xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiomyopathy xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Endocarditis noninfective xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve disease xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve incompetence xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve prolapse xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Palpitations xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Postural orthostatic xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) tachycardia syndrome Sinus bradycardia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) 3

4 In addition to keeping the leading blank spaces, %NEWFLOW allows you to add extra indent spaces into wrapped lines. This function is done by defining macro option indent= with number of indent space. data result; set result; %Newflow(varin=aeterms, flowlen=30, indent=1, split=%str( )); run; Table 3 shows the AE output with wrapped lines carrying leading blank space plus one indent space. Please note that one indent space is also applied on the wrapped line for AE Body System term, ie. Blood and lymphatic system disorders. Table 3. AE tables summarized by SOC and Preferred Terms (Apply %NEWFLOW macro: indent space=1) Body System Term Preferred Term Placebo Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Treatment Patient with at least one TEAE xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Blood and lymphatic system xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) disorders Anaemia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Haemorrhagic anaemia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Leukocytosis xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Neutropenia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiac disorders xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Aortic valve incompetence xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Atrial tachycardia xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Atrioventricular block first xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) degree Bundle branch block right xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiac valve sclerosis xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Cardiomyopathy xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Endocarditis noninfective xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve disease xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve incompetence xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Mitral valve prolapse xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Palpitations xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) Postural orthostatic xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) xx(x.x%) tachycardia syndrome 4

5 LOGIC OF %NEWFLOW: The following chart presents the logic of %NEWFLOW macro in 3 steps: Varin= Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) Step 1, cut input variable into two parts at the last blank space within flow length. Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) Step 3, combine every part together as the value of output variable Step 2, add split character on first part, and add leading & indent spaces on remaining part. and unspecified (incl cysts + Repeat step 1&2 on + + and polyps) Varout= Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) 5

6 SOURCE CODE OF %NEWFLOW: Finally, the SAS source code and variable definition tables are given as below: %Macro newflow (varin=, varout=, flowlen=, indent=0, split=%str( )); %let a_len=%eval(&flowlen+4); length &varout remain temp $500 part $&flowlen apart $&a_len; *-set output variable (varout=) as the same as input variable (varin=) if varout is not specified; %if &varout eq %then %do; %let varout=&varin; % ledspace=length(&varin)-length(left(&varin)) + %eval(&indent); temp=trim(&varin); if length( temp)> &flowlen then do; &varout= " "; exit=100; do i = 1 to exit; if substr( temp,&flowlen,1)=" " or substr( temp,%eval(&flowlen + 1),1)=" " then do; part=substr( temp,1,&flowlen); if length( temp)> &flowlen then do; apart=part "&split"; else do; apart=" " part; if &varout ^= " " then &varout=trim(&varout) trim(apart); else &varout=trim(apart); remain=substr( temp,%eval(&flowlen + 1)); if ledspace =0 then remain=strip(remain); else if ledspace =1 then remain='' strip(remain); else remain=repeat(' ', ledspace-1) strip(remain); else do; endpos=&flowlen - indexc(reverse(substr( temp,1,&flowlen)),''); part=substr( temp,1, endpos); if length( temp)> &flowlen then do; apart=part "&split"; else do; apart=" " part; if &varout ^= " " then &varout=trim(&varout) trim(apart); else &varout=trim(apart); remain=substr( temp, endpos+1); if ledspace =0 then remain=strip(remain); else if ledspace=1 then remain='' strip(remain); else remain=repeat(' ', ledspace-1) strip(remain); temp=remain; if temp=" " then i=exit; %mend newflow; 6

7 Definition table of macro parameters: Parameter definition default value varin list input variable name varin= varout list output variable name (if it is blank, then use the input variable name as varout= the output variable name) flowlen define the length of flow length (shall be less than column length ) flowlen= indent indicate how many indent spaces are given to wrapped lines ( in addition to indent=0 leading blank spaces) split specify the split character (the same split character defined in proc report ) split=%str( ) CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the %NEWFLOW macro allows people to keep the leading blank spaces or add extra indent spaces into wrapped lines. It increases the flexibility of using SAS flow option. The macro itself is simple, straight forward and easy to use. CONTACT INFORMATION: Your comments and questions are valued and encouraged. Please contact the author at: Daniel Huang, MSc, MPH, Forest Research Institute Harborside Financial Center, Plaza V, Jersey City, NJ Tel: Jian.huang@frx.com SAS and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries. indicates USA registration. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies 7

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