CASE REPORTS. Congenital Aneurysm of the Left Atrium
|
|
- Toby Stanley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CASE REPORTS Congenital Aneurysm of the Left Atrium Douglas M. Behrendt, M.D., and Eoin Aberdeen, F.R.C.S. ABSTRACT Aneurysm of the left or right atrium is a rare congenital abnormality that may go undetected or be misdiagnosed. Peripheral emboli, supraventricular tachycardia, and fatigue are the symptoms commonly seen. The condition is not benign, and operation, which is curative, is recommended for all patients with a true aneurysm. A 5-year-old boy underwent operation with a preoperative diagnosis of left ventricular tumor or aneurysm. A left atrial aneurysm was found and was repaired successfully. Only 13 patients with this unusual anomaly have been reported. A 5-year-old boy was referred to the Hospital for Sick Children in London for treatment of a cardiac tumor which had been discovered when he was admitted to another hospital with a cerebral embolus. At operation, a large aneurysm of the left atrial appendage was found without other cardiac anomalies. This report describes the clinical manifestations and operative management of this very unusual cardiac anomaly. A 5-year-old boy was admitted for investigation of a cardiac tumor. He was the product of an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery, and early infancy had proceeded normally. When he was 10 months old a sudden, transient right hemiparesis occurred, followed the next week by seizures. A chest roentgenogram taken at that time showed a mass contiguous with the left heart border. He recovered and remained well until the age of 2 years, when he experienced a seizure, syncope, and transient left hemiparesis. Two weeks later a third episode occurred, resulting in a permanent right hemiparesis and complete loss of speech. Anticoagulants were then begun, and From the Thoracic Unit, The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond St., London. England. We wish to thank Dr. R. A. Dobbs for referring this patient for trealment. Accepted for publication Dec. 16, Address reprint requests to Dr. Aberdeen, The Children s Hospital, 1740 Bainbridge St., Philadelphia, Pa THE ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
2 CASE REPORT: Congenital Aneurysm of Left Atrium he remained well. He was referred to the Hospital for Sick Children three years later. Physical examination was entirely normal except for the right hemiparesis and inability to speak. Laboratory investigations showed only a prolonged prothrombin time consistent with his anticoagulation. The electrocardiogram was normal. Chest roentgenograms (Fig. 1) showed marked cardiomegaly as a result of a mass at the left cardiac border. A presumptive diagnosis of left ventricular tumor or aneurysm was made. However, coronary arteriograms were normal. An operation was performed on December 5, 1966, through a median sternotomy (Fig. 2). The pericardium was intact. A 10 x 3 cm. aneurysm of the left atrial appendage with a 2% x 2% cm. neck was found. The mitral valve was normal, and there was no obstruction to blood flow within the left atrium or left ventricle. The aneurysm wall was not unusually thin and appeared to be composed of normal atrial muscle. Pressures measured were normal in all cardiac chambers. To prevent embolization of thrombus, cardiopulmonary bypass was begun, a left ventricular vent was inserted, and the aorta was clamped before the aneurysm was manipulated. The aneurysm was then opened and excised, and the atrium was closed by imbricating the cut edges over one another to make two layers. No thrombus was found in the specimen. Microscopical sections of the aneurysm wall showed marked hypertrophy and degenerative changes of the myocardial fibers. There was also some increase in subendocardial and elastic tissue with mild lymphocytic infiltration. A FIG. I. B Chest roentgenograms, posteroanterior (A) and lateral CB), taken preoperatively. VOL. 13, NO. 1, JANUARY,
3 BEHRENDT AND ABERDEEN The child has remained asymptomatic in the three years since operation, aside from his neurological deficit. His chest film and electrocardiogram are normal. Comment Aneurysmal dilatation of the atria as a consequence of valvular heart disease is a common occurrence, but congenital aneurysm of the atrium is rare. True primary aneurysm of the left atrium such as occurred in the present patient has been clearly documented only seven times previously [4, 6-9, 11, 151 (Table). Only five true saccular right atrial aneurysms have been documented [l, 5, 10, 12, 131, but diffuse idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium has been reported in 9 patients in whom no operation was performed [31. On both the left and right side, some of these aneurysms have involved the atrial appendage and some have not, and they are all probably variants of the same condition. One extraordinary case of multiple saccular aneurysms involving both atria in an infant has been reported [141. Five other patients with herniation of the left atrial appendage through a congenital pericardial defect have been reported [Z]. Although the appendage becomes enlarged in this situation, the enlargement is probably secondary to the congenital pericardial defect. A congenital origin in the present patient seems reasonably certain because of the child s age, the lack of other cardiac anomalies, and the lack of histological evidence of a specific degenerative disease. For the same reasons, in the previously reported instances the anomaly should be considered congenital in origin, although most aneurysms were encountered in older patients. Histological examination of the atrial wall has, in all reported patients, shown atrial muscle fibers to be present, sometimes hypertrophied and intermingled with fibrous tissue. Intracardiac hemodynamics have been normal except for a reduced cardiac index in 2 instances. The signs encountered-supraventricular arrhythmias, emboli, and fatigue-are easily understood. As suggested by Morrow and Behrendt [5], the arrhythmias probably result from the large area of abnormal atrial wall. In their patient, the atrial arrhythmia terminated at the precise moment when division of the aneurysmal sac was completed. Furthermore, in no reported patient has supraventricular tachycardia recurred after operation. The occurrence of thrombosis within the aneurysm with peripheral embolization must be a consequence of low flow and turbulence within the huge sac. The fatigue experienced by a few patients is doubtless a result of compression of the heart within the pericardium by the aneurysm, leading to limitation of diastolic expansion of the ventricles and a reduced cardiac output. Atrial aneurysm is not a benign condition. The present patient and 3 others have had major cerebral embolisms. Supraventricular tachycardias 56 THE ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
4 CASE REPORT: Congenital Aneurysm of Left Atrium A FZG. 2. Appearance of the aneurysm through the median sternotomy incision (A). Bypass was begun, the aorta clamped, and left ventricular vent inserted. The heart was then retracted to the right. The aneurysm was opened, exposing the interior of the left atrium (B). Then the sac wall was excised, and a double-layer closure was performed (C). B C have incapacitated 5 patients and have occurred transiently in 6 others. A 16-year-old boy with recurrent tachycardias died suddenly at home of unknown cause, and a 5-year-old child died of congestive heart failure with supraventricular tachycardia. Thus, we believe that operation is indicated in all patients with true atrial aneurysm. This has proved uniformly safe and curative. To minimize the risk of systemic or pulmonary embolization, operation should be done VOL. 13, NO. 1, JANUARY,
5 ~ w 0 ;1 M ti 2: PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL ANEURYSM CONFIRMED AT OPERATION OR POSTMORTEM EXAMINATION" Year of Operation or Age at Postmortem Operation Other v) K Author Examination Signs (yr.) Anomalies Bypass Results 8 LEFT ATRIAL + 3: Seamans & Taussig HI SVT, CHF 5 Dextro-... No operation; died s cardia K Pitts & Potts SVT 2 None No Well, NSR I4 n E d E Parmley [ SVT, emboli 9 ASD No Well, NSR Williams Emboli 29 None No Well, NSR ga Palacio & associates [6] 1960 Emboli 32 None No Well, NSR Parker & associates SVT 52 None No Well, NSR Godwin & associates [ SVT 26 None No Well, NSR Behrendt & Aberdeen 1966 Emboli 5 None Yes Well, NSR RIGHT ATRIAL Bailey [ll 1955 SVT 29 None No Well, NSR Saigusa & associates [lo] 1962 SVT 43 None Yes Well Morrow & Behrendt [ SVT 23 None Yes Well, NSR Sheldon & associates [ SVT, CHF 43 None Yes Well, NSR Tenckhoff & associates SVT 16 None... No operation; died MULTIPLE Varghese & associates [ SVT 5mo. None No Well, NSR defect. 'Excluding patients with pericardial defect and herniated left atrial appendage. SVT = supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, or flutter: CHF =congestive heart failure: NSR =normal sinus rhythm; ASD = atrial septa1
6 CASE REPORT: Congenital Aneurysm of Left Atrium using cardiopulmonary bypass with minimal manipulation of the aneurysm before the aorta or pulmonary art.+ is clamped. On the other hand, those patients with herniation of the left atrial appendage through a pericardial defect or moderate diffuse right atrial enlargement have minor symptoms and probably warrant no treatment. References 1. Bailey, C. P. Surgery of the Heart. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, P Dimond, E. G., Kittle, C. F., and Voth, D. W. Extreme hypertrophy of the left atrial appendage. Am. J. Cardiol. 5:122, Eshaghpour, E., Olley, P. M., and Collins, G. F. N. Idiopathic right atrial enlargement in childhood. Am. Heart J. 78:373, Godwin, T. F., Auger, P., Key, J. A., and Wigle, E. D. Intrapericardial aneurysmal dilatation of the left atrial appendage. Circulation 38:397, Morrow, A. G., and Behrendt, D. M. Congenital aneurysm (diverticulum) of the right atrium. Circulation 38:124, Palacio, J., Guido, J. J., Noger, V. N., Gonnella, C. G., and Villegas-Videla, A. F. Megaorejuela izquierda congenita. Prensa Med. Argent. 47: 1505, Parker, J. O., Connell, W. F., and Lynn, R. B. Left atrial aneurysm. Am. J. Cardiol. 20:579, Parmley, L. F. Congenital atriomegaly. Circulation 25:553, Pitts, R. M., and Potts, W. J. Congenital diverticulum of the left atrium. Arch. Surg. 84:334, Saigusa, M., Morimoto, K., Koike, T., Hori, T., and Sato, T. Idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium. Jap. Heart J. 3:373, Seamans, J. H., and Taussig, H. B. Congenital aneurysmal dilatation of the left auricle. Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 63:404, Sheldon, W. C., Johnson, C. D., and Favaloro, R. G. Idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium. Am. J. Cardiol. 23:278, Tenckhoff, L., Stamm, S. J., and Beckwith, J. B. Sudden death in idiopathic (congenital) right atrial enlargement. Circulation 40:227, Varghese, P. J., Simon, A. L., Rosenquist, G. C., Buger, M., Rowe, R. D., and Bender, H. W. Multiple saccular congenital aneurysms of the atria causing persistent atrial tachyarrhythmia in an infant. Pediatrics 44:429, Williams, W. G. Dilatation of the left atrial appendage. Br. Heart J. 25: 637, VOI,. 13, NO. 1, JANUARY,
DILATATION OF THE LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE
Brit. Heart J., 1963. 25, 637. DILATATION OF THE LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE BY W. G. WILLIAMS From Westminster Hospital, London S. W.1 Received January 31, 1963 Dilatation confined to the appendage of the left
More informationIdiopathic Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis and Mitral Stenosis
CASE REPORTS Idiopathic Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis and Mitral Stenosis Martin J. Nathan, M.D., Roman W. DeSanctis, M.D., Mortimer J. Buckley, M.D., Charles A. Sanders, M.D., and W. Gerald Austen,
More informationCommon Codes for ICD-10
Common Codes for ICD-10 Specialty: Cardiology *Always utilize more specific codes first. ABNORMALITIES OF HEART RHYTHM ICD-9-CM Codes: 427.81, 427.89, 785.0, 785.1, 785.3 R00.0 Tachycardia, unspecified
More informationAnatomy & Physiology
1 Anatomy & Physiology Heart is divided into four chambers, two atrias & two ventricles. Atrioventricular valves (tricuspid & mitral) separate the atria from ventricles. they open & close to control flow
More informationSinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect: Early and Late Results Following Closure in 109 Patients
Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect: Early and Late Results Following Closure in 109 Patients El Ross Kyger, 111, M.D., 0. Howard Frazier, M.D., Denton A. Cooley, M.D., Paul C. Gillette, M.D., George J.
More informationAdult Echocardiography Examination Content Outline
Adult Echocardiography Examination Content Outline (Outline Summary) # Domain Subdomain Percentage 1 2 3 4 5 Anatomy and Physiology Pathology Clinical Care and Safety Measurement Techniques, Maneuvers,
More informationArrhythmia 341. Ahmad Hersi Professor of Cardiology KSU
Arrhythmia 341 Ahmad Hersi Professor of Cardiology KSU Objectives Epidemiology and Mechanisms of AF Evaluation of AF patients Classification of AF Treatment and Risk stratification of AF Identify other
More informationStenosis of Pulmonary Veins
Stenosis of Pulmonary Veins Report of a Patient Corrected Surgically Yasunaru Kawashima, M.D., Takeshi Ueda, M.D., Yasuaki Naito, M.D, Eiji Morikawa, M.D., and Hisao Manabe, M.D. ABSTRACT A 15-year-old
More informationParoxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia PSVT.
Atrial Tachycardia; is the name for an arrhythmia caused by a disorder of the impulse generation in the atrium or the AV node. An area in the atrium sends out rapid signals, which are faster than those
More informationC1: Medical Standards for Safety Critical Workers with Cardiovascular Disorders
C1: Medical Standards for Safety Critical Workers with Cardiovascular Disorders GENERAL ISSUES REGARDING MEDICAL FITNESS-FOR-DUTY 1. These medical standards apply to Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) employees
More information12 th Annual West Virginia ACC Meeting April 8, 2017
12 th Annual West Virginia ACC Meeting April 8, 2017 Rameez Sayyed, M.D., FACC, FSCAI Associate professor of Medicine Program Director for interventional cardiology Marshall University Joan C. Edwards
More informationConversion of Atriopulmonary to Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in Management of Late Arrhythmias and Atrial Thrombosis
Conversion of Atriopulmonary to Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in Management of Late Arrhythmias and Atrial Thrombosis Jane M. Kao, MD, Juan c. Alejos, MD, Peter W. Grant, MD, Roberta G. Williams, MD, Kevin
More informationCardiovascular Disorders. Heart Disorders. Diagnostic Tests for CV Function. Bio 375. Pathophysiology
Cardiovascular Disorders Bio 375 Pathophysiology Heart Disorders Heart disease is ranked as a major cause of death in the U.S. Common heart diseases include: Congenital heart defects Hypertensive heart
More informationPartial anomalous pulmonary venous connection to superior
Cavo-Atrial Anastomosis Technique for Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection to the Superior Vena Cava The Warden Procedure Robert A. Gustafson, MD Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection
More informationImplantation of Cardioverter Defibrillator After Percutaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defect
The Ochsner Journal 10:27 31, 2010 f Academic Division of Ochsner Clinic Foundation Implantation of Cardioverter Defibrillator After Percutaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defect Anas Bitar, MD, Maria Malaya
More informationIndex. cardiology.theclinics.com. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A ACHD. See Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD), 503 512 across life span prevalence of, 504 506
More informationCardiology/Cardiothoracic
Cardiology/Cardiothoracic ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM Code Mapper 800-334-5724 www.contexomedia.com 2013 ICD-9-CM 272.0 Pure hypercholesterolemia 272.2 Mixed hyperlipidemia 272.4 Other and hyperlipidemia 278.00
More informationIndications of Coronary Angiography Dr. Shaheer K. George, M.D Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University 2014
Indications of Coronary Angiography Dr. Shaheer K. George, M.D Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University 2014 Indications for cardiac catheterization Before a decision to perform an invasive procedure such
More informationAlthough most patients with Ebstein s anomaly live
Management of Neonatal Ebstein s Anomaly Christopher J. Knott-Craig, MD, FACS Although most patients with Ebstein s anomaly live through infancy, those who present clinically as neonates are a distinct
More informationIndex. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acute coronary syndrome(s), anticoagulant therapy in, 706, 707 antiplatelet therapy in, 702 ß-blockers in, 703 cardiac biomarkers in,
More informationMyocardial Ischemia in Infants
THE ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY Journal of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the Southern Thoracic Surgical Association VOLUME 8 NUMBER 5 NOVEMBER 1969. * Myocardial Ischemia in Infants Its Role in Three
More informationNational Coverage Determination (NCD) for Cardiac Pacemakers (20.8)
Page 1 of 12 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services National Coverage Determination (NCD) for Cardiac Pacemakers (20.8) Tracking Information Publication Number 100-3 Manual Section Number 20.8 Manual
More informationSUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL Table S1. Patient Selection Codes, CIED Generator Procedures Code Type Code Description ICD9 Proc 00.51 Implantation of cardiac resynchronization defibrillator, total system [CRT-D]
More informationPediatrics. Arrhythmias in Children: Bradycardia and Tachycardia Diagnosis and Treatment. Overview
Pediatrics Arrhythmias in Children: Bradycardia and Tachycardia Diagnosis and Treatment See online here The most common form of cardiac arrhythmia in children is sinus tachycardia which can be caused by
More informationDebanding and repair of ventricular septal defect: a new technique for older patients
Thorax, 1979, 34, 531-53 5 Debanding and repair of ventricular septal defect: a new technique for older patients P LAURIDSEN, A UHRENHOLDT, AND I H RYGG From the Department of Thoracic Surgery R and Cardiovascular
More informationHeart Disorders. Cardiovascular Disorders (Part B-1) Module 5 -Chapter 8. Overview Heart Disorders Vascular Disorders
Cardiovascular Disorders (Part B-1) Module 5 -Chapter 8 Overview Heart Disorders Vascular Disorders Susie Turner, MD 1/7/13 Heart Disorders Coronary Artery Disease Cardiac Arrhythmias Congestive Heart
More informationThe pericardial sac is composed of the outer fibrous pericardium
Pericardiectomy for Constrictive or Recurrent Inflammatory Pericarditis Mauricio A. Villavicencio, MD, Joseph A. Dearani, MD, and Thoralf M. Sundt, III, MD Anatomy and Preoperative Considerations The pericardial
More informationChapter 16: Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances
Complete the following. Chapter 16: Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances 1. Cardiac arrhythmias result from abnormal impulse, abnormal impulse, or both mechanisms together. 2. is the ability of certain
More informationFalse Aneurvsm and Pseudo-False Aneurysm of the Left qentricle: ~tiology, Pathology; Diagnosis, and Operative Management
False Aneurvsm and Pseudo-False Aneurysm of the Left qentricle: ~tiology, Pathology; Diagnosis, and Operative Management S. Stewart, M.D., R. Huddle, M.D., I. Stuard, M.D., B. F. Schreiner, M.D., and J.
More informationCardiovascular Nursing Practice: A Comprehensive Resource Manual and Study Guide for Clinical Nurses 2 nd Edition
Cardiovascular Nursing Practice: A Comprehensive Resource Manual and Study Guide for Clinical Nurses 2 nd Edition Table of Contents Volume 1 Chapter 1: Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology Basic Cardiac
More informationIschemic heart disease
Ischemic heart disease Introduction In > 90% of cases: the cause is: reduced coronary blood flow secondary to: obstructive atherosclerotic vascular disease so most of the time it is called: coronary artery
More informationCardiac Radiology In-Training Test Questions for Diagnostic Radiology Residents
Cardiac Radiology In-Training Test Questions for Diagnostic Radiology Residents March, 2013 Sponsored by: Commission on Education Committee on Residency Training in Diagnostic Radiology 2013 by American
More information7. Echocardiography Appropriate Use Criteria (by Indication)
Criteria for Echocardiography 1133 7. Echocardiography Criteria (by ) Table 1. TTE for General Evaluation of Cardiac Structure and Function Suspected Cardiac Etiology General With TTE 1. Symptoms or conditions
More informationACC/AHA Guidelines for Ambulatory Electrocardiography: Executive Summary and Recommendations
(Circulation. 1999;100:886-893.) 1999 American Heart Association, Inc. ACC/AHA Practice Guidelines ACC/AHA Guidelines for Ambulatory Electrocardiography: Executive Summary and Recommendations A Report
More informationA Case Showing Atrial Dissociation and Other Various Kinds of Arrhythmias
A Case Showing Atrial Dissociation and Other Various Kinds of Arrhythmias Shigeru KAWAGOE, M.D., Keiichi HASHIMOTO, M.D., Hirokazu HAYAKAWA, M.D., and Eiichi KIMURA, M.D. SUMMARY A case is reported in
More informationIntroduction. Study Design. Background. Operative Procedure-I
Risk Factors for Mortality After the Norwood Procedure Using Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery Shunt Ann Thorac Surg 2009;87:178 86 86 Addressor: R1 胡祐寧 2009/3/4 AM7:30 SICU 討論室 Introduction Hypoplastic
More informationAnatomy of the Heart. Figure 20 2c
Anatomy of the Heart Figure 20 2c Pericardium & Myocardium Remember, the heart sits in it s own cavity, known as the mediastinum. The heart is surrounded by the Pericardium, a double lining of the pericardial
More informationRight-Sided Congestive Heart Failure Basics
Right-Sided Congestive Heart Failure Basics OVERVIEW Failure of the right side of the heart to pump blood at a sufficient rate to meet the needs of the body or to prevent blood from pooling within the
More informationWhen arrhythmias complicate heart failures
When arrhythmias complicate heart failures Throughout the years, heart failure complicates usually with anomalies of the cardiac rhythm. These anomalies can have an atrial, a ventricular or an atrioventricular
More information2) Heart Arrhythmias 2 - Dr. Abdullah Sharif
2) Heart Arrhythmias 2 - Dr. Abdullah Sharif Rhythms from the Sinus Node Sinus Tachycardia: HR > 100 b/m Causes: o Withdrawal of vagal tone & Sympathetic stimulation (exercise, fight or flight) o Fever
More informationAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased morbidity
Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation with Concomitant Surgery Edward G. Soltesz, MD, MPH, and A. Marc Gillinov, MD Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in coronary artery
More informationCardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System angio BELLWORK Day One: Define using technology hemo/hema cardio Medical Therapeutics Standards 11) Outline the gross normal structure and function of all body systems and summarize
More informationCMS Limitations Guide - Radiology Services
CMS Limitations Guide - Radiology Services Starting October 1, 2015, CMS will update their existing medical necessity limitations on tests and procedures to correspond to ICD-10 codes. This limitations
More informationCirculation. Circulation = is a process used for the transport of oxygen, carbon! dioxide, nutrients and wastes through-out the body
Circulation Circulation = is a process used for the transport of oxygen, carbon! dioxide, nutrients and wastes through-out the body Heart = muscular organ about the size of your fist which pumps blood.
More informationPROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY. Congenital Mitral Stenosis and Mitral Insufficiency
PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY Congenital Mitral Stenosis and Mitral Insufficiency GEORGE W. B. STARKEY, M.D.* Boston, Massachusetts CONGENITAL MITRAL STENOSIS AND mitral insufficiency are rare, particularly
More informationEmergency Medical Training Services Emergency Medical Technician Paramedic Program Outlines Outline Topic: WPW Revised: 11/2013
Emergency Medical Training Services Emergency Medical Technician Paramedic Program Outlines Outline Topic: WPW Revised: 11/2013 Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is a syndrome of pre-excitation of the
More informationFollowing Mitral Valve Replacement
Re air of a Subvalvular Le rt Ventricular Aneurysm Following Mitral Valve Replacement Darryl J. Sutorius, M.D., James A. Helmsworth, M.D., James A. Majeski, Ph.D., M.D., and Stephen F. Miller, M.D. ABSTRACT
More informationIntraoperative and Postoperative Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Treatment
Intraoperative and Postoperative Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Treatment Karen L. Booth, MD, Lucile Packard Children s Hospital Arrhythmias are common after congenital heart surgery [1]. Postoperative electrolyte
More informationATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS
ORIGINAL STUDY Long-term follow-up of children after repair of atrial septal defects JAMES MANDELIK, MD; DOUGLAS S. MOODIE, MD; RICHARD STERBA, MD; DANIEL MURPHY, MD; ELIOT ROSENKRANZ, MD; SHARON MEDENDORP,
More informationClinical Policy: Holter Monitors Reference Number: CP.MP.113
Clinical Policy: Reference Number: CP.MP.113 Effective Date: 05/18 Last Review Date: 04/18 Coding Implications Revision Log Description Ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring provides a view of
More informationAdult Cardiac Surgery
Adult Cardiac Surgery Mahmoud ABU-ABEELEH Associate Professor Department of Surgery Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery School of Medicine University Of Jordan Adult Cardiac Surgery: Ischemic Heart Disease
More informationNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CLINICAL EXCELLENCE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CLINICAL EXCELLENCE Implantable cardioverter defibrillators for the treatment of arrhythmias and cardiac resynchronisation therapy for the treatment of heart failure (review
More informationUniversity of Florida Department of Surgery. CardioThoracic Surgery VA Learning Objectives
University of Florida Department of Surgery CardioThoracic Surgery VA Learning Objectives This service performs coronary revascularization, valve replacement and lung cancer resections. There are 2 faculty
More informationSurgical repair of massive dilatation of the right atrium with tricuspid regurgitation
Okada et al. Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery (2018) 13:83 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-018-0769-7 CASE REPORT Open Access Surgical repair of massive dilatation of the right atrium with tricuspid regurgitation
More informationPATIENT WITH ARRHYTHMIA IN DENTIST S OFFICE. Małgorzata Kurpesa, MD., PhD. Chair&Department of Cardiology
PATIENT WITH ARRHYTHMIA IN DENTIST S OFFICE Małgorzata Kurpesa, MD., PhD. Chair&Department of Cardiology Medical University of Łódź The heart is made up of four chambers Left Atrium Right Atrium Left Ventricle
More informationPathophysiology: Left To Right Shunts
Pathophysiology: Left To Right Shunts Daphne T. Hsu, MD dh17@columbia.edu Learning Objectives Learn the relationships between pressure, blood flow, and resistance Review the transition from fetal to mature
More informationAneurysms & a Brief Discussion on Embolism
Aneurysms & a Brief Discussion on Embolism Aneurysms, overview = congenital or acquired dilations of blood vessels or the heart True aneurysms -involve all three layers of the artery (intima, media, and
More information4. The two inferior chambers of the heart are known as the atria. the superior and inferior vena cava, which empty into the left atrium.
Answer each statement true or false. If the statement is false, change the underlined word to make it true. 1. The heart is located approximately between the second and fifth ribs and posterior to the
More informationLong-Term Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Mitral Valve Replacement and Left Atrial Ablation (Reasons and Mechanisms)
March 2002 27 Long-Term Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Mitral Valve Replacement and Left Atrial Ablation (Reasons and Mechanisms) A.V. EVTUSHENKO, V.M. SHIPULIN, I.V. ANTONCHENKO, S.V. POPOV,
More informationCase Report Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect as a Cause of Palpitations and Dyspnea in an Adult: A Diagnostic Imaging Challenge
Case Reports in Medicine Volume 2015, Article ID 128462, 4 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/128462 Case Report Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect as a Cause of Palpitations and Dyspnea in an Adult:
More informationDiversion of the inferior vena cava following repair of atrial septal defect causing hypoxemia
Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Internal Medicine Faculty Research Spring 5-2004 Diversion of the inferior vena cava following repair of atrial septal defect causing hypoxemia Ellen A. Thompson
More informationPrognosis of Atrial Arrhythmias Treated by Electrical Counter Shock Therapy
Brit. Heart J., 1969, 31, 496. Prognosis of Atrial Arrhythmias Treated by Electrical Counter Shock Therapy A Three-Year Follow-Up C. McCARTHY, P. J. VARGHESE*, AND D. W. BARRITT From the Cardiac Department,
More informationDiseases. Cardiovascular System
Diseases Cardiovascular System Angina Pectoris A condition marked by severe pain in the chest, often spreading to the shoulder or neck. Caused by inadequate blood supply to the heart. Cardiomyopathy Refers
More informationThe Cardiovascular System. Chapter 15. Cardiovascular System FYI. Cardiology Closed systemof the heart & blood vessels. Functions
Chapter 15 Cardiovascular System FYI The heart pumps 7,000 liters (4000 gallons) of blood through the body each day The heart contracts 2.5 billion times in an avg. lifetime The heart & all blood vessels
More informationSUBJECTS AND METHODS
Acquired Mitral Stenosis in Children under Fifteen Boonchob PONGPANICH, M.D. and Sahas LIAMSUWAN, M.D. SUMMARY The clinical and hemodynamic studies of acquired MS in 30 children under the age of 15 are
More informationPulmonary Valve Replacement
Pulmonary Valve Replacement with Fascia Lata J. C. R. Lincoln, F.R.C.S., M. Geens, M.D., M. Schottenfeld, M.D., and D. N. Ross, F.R.C.S. ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to describe a technique of
More informationMed. J. Malaysia Vol. 46 No. 4 December 1991
Med. J. Malaysia Vol. 46 No. 4 December 1991 aneurysms ofthe sinus of valsalva R. J eyamalar. MBBS, IvIRCP. Lecturer P. Kannan, MBBS,MRCP. Associate Professor Dept. of Medicine, University Hospital, 59100
More informationDebate in Management of native COA; Balloon Versus Surgery
Debate in Management of native COA; Balloon Versus Surgery Dr. Amira Esmat, El Tantawy, MD Professor of Pediatrics Consultant Pediatric Cardiac Interventionist Faculty of Medicine Cairo University 23/2/2017
More informationThe Heart and Heart Disease
The Heart and Heart Disease Illustration of the heart by Leonardo DaVinci heart-surgeon.com/ history.html 2/14/2010 1 I. Location, Size and Position of the Heart A. Triangular organ located 1. of mass
More informationAtrial Flutter in Infants
Journal of the American College of Cardiology Vol. 48, No. 5, 2006 2006 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation ISSN 0735-1097/06/$32.00 Published by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.04.091
More informationCRITICAL CARE OF THE CARDIAC PATIENT WEBINAR VET 2017
CRITICAL CARE OF THE CARDIAC PATIENT WEBINAR VET 2017 The Heart The heart is undoubtedly the most important organ in the body. Unfortunately, when it is not functioning properly, it can have dire consequences.
More informationKent Bundles in the Anterior Septal Space Will C. Sealy, M.D.
Kent Bundles in the Anterior Septal Space Will C. Sealy, M.D. ABSTRACT Kent bundles in the anterior septal area of the heart occupy a region of complex morphology. In this study, the anatomical characteristics
More informationASE 2011 Appropriate Use Criteria for Echocardiography
ASE 2011 Appropriate Use Criteria for Echocardiography Table 1. TTE for General Evaluation of Cardiac Structure and Function 1 2 Suspected Cardiac Etiology General With TTE Symptoms or conditions potentially
More informationStand alone maze: when and how?
Stand alone maze: when and how? Dong Seop Jeong Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, HVSI Samsung Medical Center Type of atrial fibrillation First diagnose AF Paroxysmal AF: self-terminating
More informationSURGICAL TREATMENT AND OUTCOME OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
SURGICAL TREATMENT AND OUTCOME OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE Mr. W. Brawn Birmingham Children s Hospital. Aims of surgery The aim of surgery in congenital heart disease is to correct or palliate the heart
More informationCASE REPORTS. Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery
CASE REPORTS Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery Definitive Surgical Treatment by Saphenous Vein Interposition in a 17-Month-Old Child P. Venugopal, M.D., and S. Subramanian,
More informationLeft Ventricular Wall Resection for Aneurysm and Akinesia due to Coronary Artery Disease: Fifty Consecutive Patients
Left Ventricular Wall Resection for Aneurysm and Akinesia due to Coronary Artery Disease: Fifty Consecutive Patients Armand A. Lefemine, M.D., Rajagopalan Govindarajan, M.D., K. Ramaswamy, M.D., Harrison
More informationThe Cardiovascular System
The Cardiovascular System https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohmmtqkgs50 Human Anatomy & Physiology P. Wilson 1 Introduction The functions of the cardiovascular system are: to bring oxygen & nutrients to
More informationEKG Competency for Agency
EKG Competency for Agency Name: Date: Agency: 1. The upper chambers of the heart are known as the: a. Atria b. Ventricles c. Mitral Valve d. Aortic Valve 2. The lower chambers of the heart are known as
More informationThe incidence and risk factors of arrhythmias in the early period after cardiac surgery in pediatric patients
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2008; 50: 549-553 Original The incidence and risk factors of arrhythmias in the early period after cardiac surgery in pediatric patients Selman Vefa Yıldırım 1, Kürşad
More informationTest Review Circulatory System Chapters
Test Review Circulatory System Chapters 13-2010 1. The tissue that forms the tight fitting sac around the heart is the a. parietal pericardium c. myocardium b. visceral pericardium d. endocardium 2. Which
More informationCoronary Artery from the Wrong Sinus of Valsalva: A Physiologic Repair Strategy
Coronary Artery from the Wrong Sinus of Valsalva: A Physiologic Repair Strategy Tom R. Karl, MS, MD he most commonly reported coronary artery malformation leading to sudden death in children and young
More informationDiseases of the Conduction System
4 CHAPTER 4 Diseases of the Conduction System Diseases of the conduction system are numerous and varied. The authors have selected a few representative entities for this section: complete heart block as
More informationAppropriate Use Criteria for Initial Transthoracic Echocardiography in Outpatient Pediatric Cardiology (scores listed by Appropriate Use rating)
Appropriate Use Criteria for Initial Transthoracic Echocardiography in Outpatient Pediatric Cardiology (scores listed by Appropriate Use rating) Table 1: Appropriate indications (median score 7-9) Indication
More information14 Valvular Stenosis
14 Valvular Stenosis 14-1. Valvular Stenosis unicuspid valve FIGUE 14-1. This photograph shows severe valvular stenosis as it occurs in a newborn. There is a unicuspid, horseshoe-shaped leaflet with a
More informationAtrial fibrillation: a key determinant in the cardiovascular risk continuum. u Prof. Joseph S. Alpert u Arizona, USA
Atrial fibrillation: a key determinant in the cardiovascular risk continuum u Prof. Joseph S. Alpert u Arizona, USA Disclosures u No major conflicts of interest: all honoraria
More informationAtrial tachyarrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation
Right-Sided Maze Procedure for Right Atrial Arrhythmias in Congenital Heart Disease David A. Theodoro, MD, Gordon K. Danielson, MD, Co-burn J. Porter, MD, and Carole A. Warnes, MD Division of Cardiovascular
More informationCardiac Arrhythmias. Cathy Percival, RN, FALU, FLMI VP, Medical Director AIG Life and Retirement Company
Cardiac Arrhythmias Cathy Percival, RN, FALU, FLMI VP, Medical Director AIG Life and Retirement Company The Cardiovascular System Three primary functions Transport of oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to
More informationAntithrombotic therapy for patients with congenital heart disease. George Giannakoulas, MD, PhD AHEPA University Hospital Thessaloniki
Antithrombotic therapy for patients with congenital heart disease George Giannakoulas, MD, PhD AHEPA University Hospital Thessaloniki Disclosures Educational fees from Astra Zeneca, GSK Research fees from
More informationSurgical repair of a giant congenital right atrial aneurysm: a case report
Jonavicius et al. Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery (2015) 10:72 DOI 10.1186/s13019-015-0277-y CASE REPORT Open Access Surgical repair of a giant congenital right atrial aneurysm: a case report Karolis
More informationCORONARY arteriovenous fistulas are uncommon, but their detection has. Rupture of a Giant Saccular Aneurysm of Coronary Arteriovenous Fistulas
Rupture of a Giant Saccular Aneurysm of Coronary Arteriovenous Fistulas Masahiro ITO, MD, Makoto KODAMA, MD, Makihiko SAEKI, 1 MD, Hiroshi FUKUNAGA, MD, Tomoji GOTO, 2 MD, Hidenori INOUE, 2 MD, Shigetaka
More informationUnusual Complications During Mitral Valve Replacement in the Presence of Calcification of the Annulus
Unusual Complications During Mitral Valve Replacement in the Presence of Calcification of the Annulus Horace MacVaugh, 111, M.D., Claude R. Joyner, M.D., and Julian Johnson, M.D. ABSTRACT Replacement of
More informationUnit 6: Circulatory System. 6.2 Heart
Unit 6: Circulatory System 6.2 Heart Functions of Circulatory System 1. The heart is the pump necessary to circulate blood to all parts of the body 2. Arteries, veins and capillaries are the structures
More informationAcute Coronary Syndromes Unstable Angina Non ST segment Elevation MI (NSTEMI) ST segment Elevation MI (STEMI)
Leanna R. Miller, RN, MN, CCRN-CSC, PCCN-CMC, CEN, CNRN, CMSRN, NP Education Specialist LRM Consulting Nashville, TN Objectives Evaluate common abnormalities that mimic myocardial infarction. Identify
More informationPathophysiology: Left To Right Shunts
Pathophysiology: Left To Right Shunts Daphne T. Hsu, MD dh17@columbia.edu Learning Objectives Learn the relationships between pressure, blood flow, and resistance Review the transition from fetal to mature
More informationCardiac Radiography. Jared D. Christensen, M.D.
Cardiac Radiography Jared D. Christensen, M.D. Cardiac radiography Jared D. Christensen, M.D. Overview Basic Concepts Technique Normal anatomy Cases Technique 3 Standard Views Posterior-Anterior (PA) Anterior-Posterior
More informationPatient Information. Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Repair
Patient Information Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Repair Table of Contents Overview................................. 4 Symptoms................................ 5 Causes..................................
More informationRight ventricular dilated cardiomyopathy
Br Heart J 1984; 51: 25-29 D H FITCHETT,* D D SUGRUE, C G MAcARTHUR, CELIA M OAKLEY From the Department ofmedicine (Clinical Cardiology), Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London
More informationSurgical Management of TOF in Adults. Dr Flora Tsang Associate Consultant Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Queen Mary Hospital
Surgical Management of TOF in Adults Dr Flora Tsang Associate Consultant Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Queen Mary Hospital Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults Most common cyanotic congenital heart
More informationin Patients Having Aortic Valve Replacement John T. Santinga, M.D., Marvin M. Kirsh, M.D., Jairus D. Flora, Jr., Ph.D., and James F. Brymer, M.D.
Factors Relating to Late Sudden Death in Patients Having Aortic Valve Replacement John T. Santinga, M.D., Marvin M. Kirsh, M.D., Jairus D. Flora, Jr., Ph.D., and James F. Brymer, M.D. ABSTRACT The preoperative
More information