Modern Technology of Internet

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1 Modern Technology of Internet Jiří Navrátil, Josef Vojtěch, Jan Furman, Tomáš Košnar, Sven Ubik, Milan Šárek, Jan Růžička, Martin Pustka, Laban Mwansa, Rudolf Blažek Katedra počítačových systémů FIT České vysoké učení technické v Praze MI-MTI, ZS2010/11, Předn.11 Jiří Navrátil: Networking for HPC Evropský sociální fond Praha & EU: Investujeme do vaší budoucnosti

2 Networking for HPC Ing.Jiří Navrátil, CSc. Katedra počítačových systémů FIT České vysoké učení technické v Praze c Jiri Navratil, 2010 MI-MTI, ZS2010/11, Předn.11 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 1/1

3 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 2/42

4 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 3/42

5 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 4/42 Message Passing 2-sided communication

6 All around us is parallel 6 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 5/42

7 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 6/42 Domain Decomposition P1 P2 P3 P4 Number of processors is limited P1 P2 P3 P4

8 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 7/42 Master-Slave Parallelization: dynamic balancing

9 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 8/42 Matrix decomposition Iterative processing All border elements to neighbors

10 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 1/42 HPC - MPI - Communication framework Cost of Communications - always implies overhead - machine and resources are not used for computation instead are used for packet transmit - communication frequently requires synchronization between tasks which results in waiting time - competing communication can saturate available network

11 Message Passing Process 1 compute Send (P2, info); compute compute idle idle Receive (P2, reply); Process 2 idle idle Receive (P1, info); compute compute Send (P1, reply); Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 10/42

12 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 11/42 Measuring Performance time for 1process speedup time for p processes Assume we time only parallelized region: Ideally speedup T serial p T serial T comm T comm T serial p, so speedup p

13 From Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 12/42

14 Communication flowchart in parallel processing Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 13/42

15 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 14/42

16 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 15/42

17 Developing tools Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 16/42

18 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 17/42

19 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 18/42 Review of basic connecting systems used in MPP inside outside

20 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 19/42

21 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 20/42

22 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 21/42 The simplest networking scheme for advanced clusters Why two networks? one for user access one for node to node communication

23 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 22/ HPS - 40 MBytes GPFS, MPI IBM SP >

24 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 23/42

25 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 24/42? bottleneck Shared BUS Architecture 64 bit, 90 pins InfiniBand Switch Fabric Architecture

26 Large systems with several thousands nodes have complicated internal networks infrastructure Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 25/42

27 Scalable architecture Low latency More cost effective than 10Gbps Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 26/42

28 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 27/42

29 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 28/42

30 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 29/42 Scalable architecture with switches and routers allows create complex infrastructures with high throughput and low latency IB supports VIA Virtual Interface Architecture With Mutliple WQE

31 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 30/42 11g new grid database RDS - Reliable Datagram Sockets Low latency, high throuput inter-procesor com. protocol (50% overhead compare to IP)

32 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 31/42

33 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 32/42 NUMA Architecture 512-processors system

34 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 33/42

35 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 34/42!!!! Thousands of independent tasks T2 sites Grid computing elements

36 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn /42 Daily production of experimental data Different tasks of different users (thousands of same independent tasks) EGEE middleware GLITE Various commercial middleware as PBSpro, LL, LSF,..

37 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 36/42 Two schedulers, two strategies

38 Example of Supercomputing GRID Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 37/42

39 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 38/42

40 Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 39/42 License servers Licencing modes: Local, permanent, fix to computer, floating license

41 Recommended reading Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 40/42

42 Resources Parallel Programming MPI: MVAPICH project: UPC: Co-Array Fortran: Portals: PVM: ARMCI: GASnet: Lustre file system Competing interconnects for parallel programming Myrinet: QsNetII: SCInet: Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 41/42

43 Thank You for your attention Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 42/42

44 AAA - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting. (TACACS, TACACS+, RADIUS) Jiří Navrátil (FIT ČVUT) Networking for HPC MI-MTI,2010, Predn.12 x/42

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