2017 WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA CORN SILAGE VARIETY TEST REPORT

Transcription

1 2017 WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA CORN SILAGE VARIETY TEST REPORT

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3 2017 Corn Silage Variety Trial Contributors Kyle Miller - Livestock & Forage Unit Manager Mtn. Research Station Kaleb Rathbone - Superintendent Mtn. Research Station Dennis Waller - Chairman NC Corn Growers Association Dr. Deidre Harmon, Extension Livestock Specialist Steve Duckett, Buncombe County Extension Director Noah Henson, Area Livestock Agent (Buncombe, Henderson, & Polk) Ethan Henderson, Livestock Agent Haywood County Cooperators Advance Agra Service Seed Consultants Charlie Thomas (336) Coastal Agro (828) Chuck Francis (828) Crop Production Services Mike Ferguson (828) Mycogen Peter Linde (352) pdlinde@dow.com Tennessee Farmers Co-op Fredrick Shelton (828)

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5 2017 Corn Silage Variety Test Report Experimental Site Mountain Research Station NCDA&CS, Waynesville, NC Management Practices On May 29 th lime was applied at a rate of 0.4 tons per acre followed by 225 lbs/acre of which was broadcasted. Following application, fertilize and lime were incorporated. The field was culti-mulched and liquid nitrogen (32%) was applied at a rate of 50 gallons per acre. Avipel seed treatment and Force 3G were used at planting. On June 5 th Dual Magnum Herbicide was applied at a rate of 24 oz/acre and Atrex 4L was applied at a rate of 4 pints/acre. Establishing and Harvesting Thirteen entries were planted on June 1 st. Planting rate was 29,688 seeds per acre planted on 30-inch row-widths. Each plot consisted of 2 rows of 40 ft length. Plots were harvested on October 6 th, Experimental Design Entries were planted in a randomized complete block design that was replicated four times. 0'-40' 40'-55' 55'-95' 95'-110' 110'-150' 150'-165' 165'-205' Plot # Entry # Plot # Entry # Plot # Entry # Plot # Entry # 0' GUARD 5' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' GUARD

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7 Nutritive value estimates were determined by near infrared spectroscopy (NIR; Dairy One 2017). Dry matter (DM) concentration at harvest was determined by drying the harvested forage at 212 F until a constant weight was achieved. Dry matter concentration estimates were used to calculate dry matter yields. TERMINOLOGY 1. Yield a. Yield (tons/ac DM): Total biomass produced per acre on a DM basis. b. Milk (lbs/ton of DM): Expected milk production per ton of DM produced. c. Milk (lbs/acre): Expected milk production per acre of DM produced. 2. Energy a. TDN (% of DM): Total digestible nutrients is the sum of the digestible fraction in a feedstuff. b. NEL (Mcal / lb of DM): Net energy for lactation. Energy from the feed available for lactation and maintenance of dairy cattle. c. NEm (Mcal / lb of DM): Net energy for maintenance. Energy from the feed available for maintaining cattle in equilibrium (i.e. neither gaining or losing weight). d. NEg (Mcal / lb of DM): Net energy for gain. Energy from the feed available for body weight gain above maintenance. 3. Protein a. Crude Protein (% of DM): Crude protein is measured indirectly by determining the amount of N in forage and multiplying that value by b. Soluble Protein (% of CP): Fraction of the CP that is digestible. 4. Other a. Starch (% of DM): Fraction of the DM (non-structural carbohydrate) that is moderately available to cattle. It is a good source of energy for high producing cattle. During ensiling some starch will be fermented to organic acids, aiding the preservation process. b. Fat: triglycerides of fatty acids that are dense in energy. 5. Fiber Components:

8 a. NDF (% of DM): Neutral detergent fiber. Fraction of the DM (structural carbohydrate) that can be slowly digestible and/or unavailable to cattle. b. ADF (% of DM): Acid detergent fiber. Fraction of the NDF that represents cellulose and lignin, expressed on a DM basis. c. Lignin (% of DM): Fraction of the NDF that is completely indigestible, expressed on a DM basis. 6. Digestibility a. IVTD 30 hour (% of DM): in-vitro true digestibility or apparent digestibility after 30 hours of incubation in rumen fluid. b. NDFD 30 hour (% of DM): Neutral detergent fiber digestibility after 30 hours of incubation in rumen fluid. 7. Minerals a. Ash (% of DM): total concentration of mineral content. b. Calcium (% of DM) c. Phosphorus (% of DM) d. Sulfur (% of DM) e. Magnesium (% of DM) f. Potassium (% of DM) g. Chloride Ion (% of DM)

9 Entry information for 2017 corn silage variety trial in Waynesville. Company Entry Hybrid Tons per Acre (Wet) Dry Matter Dry Matter (Tons/Acre) Tons/Acre 65% Moisture) Milk (Lbs/Ton of DM) Milk (Lbs/Acre) Mycogen 1 TMF17W ,462 42,075 Mycogen 2 TMF17L ,487 38,781 Mycogen 3 TMF12Q ,679 39,607 Mycogen 4 TMF14L ,508 40,446 Seed Consultants 5 SCS1125AMX ,810 39,795 Seed Consultants 6 SCS11AQ ,682 27,209 Seed Consultants 7 SCS11HR ,508 38,400 Dyna-Gro 8 D55VC ,540 37,402 Dyna-Gro 9 57VP ,600 39,407 Dyna-Gro 10 D56VP ,765 41,348 Croplan VT2P/RIB ,681 36,559 Croplan VT3P/RIB ,683 41,177 Croplan 13 S5900VT2P/RIB ,676 33,452

10 Figure 1. Dry matter yields of 13 varieties of corn silage planted in Waynesville. Black line indications average yield and means with different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05) a ab ab ab ab ab ab abc abc abc Yield (Tons of DM/Acre) bc cd d Entry

11 Table 1. Dry matter yields and expected milk yields in corn varieties (dry matter basis). Entry Yield (Tons/Acre DM) Yield Milk (Lbs/Ton DM) Milk (Lbs/Acre) ,462 42, ,487 38, ,679 39, ,508 40, ,810 39, ,682 27, ,508 38, ,540 37, ,600 39, ,765 41, ,681 36, ,683 41, ,676 33,452 Average ,622 38,128

12 Table 2. Relative yields in corn varieties. 100 = Test Average; Less than 100 = Below Test Average; Greater than 100 = Above Test Average. Entry Yield (T/Acre DM) Yield Milk (Lbs/Ton DM) Milk (Lbs/Acre) Average

13 Table 3. Concentration of protein, total digestible nutrients (TDN), net energy of lactation (NE L ), net energy of maintenance (NE M ), net energy of gain (NE G ), starch, and fat (as a percent of dry matter) in corn varieties. Entry Crude Protein Protein Energy Other Available Protein TDN NE L (Mcal/Lb) NE M (Mcal/Lb) NE G (Mcal/Lb) Starch Average Fat

14 Table 4. Relative concentration of protein, total digestible nutrients (TDN), net energy of lactation (NE L ), net energy of maintenance (NE M ), net energy of gain (NE G ), starch, and fat in corn varieties = Test Average; Less than 100 = Below Test Average; Greater than 100 = Above Test Average. Entry Crude Protein Protein Energy Other Available Protein TDN NEL NEM NEG Starch Fat Average

15 Table 5. Concentration of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (andf), lignin, in-vitro true digestibility at 30 hours and neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) at 30 hours (as a percent of dry matter) in corn varieties. Fiber Components Digestibility Entry ADF andf Lignin IVTD 30hr NDFD 30hr (% of DM) (% of NDF) Average

16 Table 6. Relative concentration of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (andf), lignin, in-vitro true digestibility at 30 hours and neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) at 30 hours in corn varieties. 100 = Test Average; Less than 100 = Below Test Average; Greater than 100 = Above Test Average. Fiber Components Digestibility Entry ADF andf Lignin IVTD 30hr NDFD 30hr Average

17 Table 7. Concentration of minerals (as a percent of dry matter) in corn varieties. Entry Ash Calcium Phosphorus Minerals Sulfur Magnesium Potassium Chloride Average

18 Table 8. Relative concentration of minerals in corn varieties. 100 = Test Average; Less than 100 = Below Test Average; Greater than 100 = Above Test Average. Minerals Entry Ash Calcium Phosphorus Sulfur Magnesium Potassium Chloride Average