June Soybean Meal Use by the Feed Industry (June 2018) PUBLISHED BY SOYBEAN GROWERS FOR THE FEED INDUSTRY

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1 PUBLISHED BY SOYBEAN GROWERS FOR THE FEED INDUSTRY June 2018 June is the me of the year when swine producers from around the world migrate to Des Moines, Iowa for the World Pork Expo. For three days, growers obtain the latest informa on on swine equipment, new biologicals, new swine gene c crosses, government regula ons, and nutri onal advances. The Soybean Meal INFOcenter each year looks forward to par cipa ng in the trade show and visi ng with a major user of soybean meal. Swine (nursery pigs, growing/finishing ra ons, gesta on diets and adult maintenance feeds) account for about 25% of all domes c use of soybean meal. Soybean farmers appreciate the opportunity to service the swine industry in providing a uniform, high quality protein feed ingredient that makes the formula on of produc ve swine diets a reality. Together, swine producers and soybean farmers have a common goal of expanding Profitable Swine Produc on. It is a win win for World s Pork Producers and our Na on s Soybean Farmers. Soybean Meal Use by the Feed Industry (June 2018) Reference: This next graph shows the top 10 U.S. states based on the number of hogs and pigs in Iowa came in first place, where the inventory stood at around 22.6 million hogs and pigs, as of March 2018 es mate. The total number of hogs and pigs in the U.S. is es mated to be about 72.9 million and up 3% from 2017.

2 Top 10 States in Hogs and Pigs in 2018 Reference: USDA, NASS, Quarterly Hogs and Pigs Report (March 2018) U.S. Soybean Supply and Soybean Meal Use (June 2018) Soybean Plan ng Season is Here. The April 10th USDA s World Agricultural Supply and Demand Es mates provide an es mate of the coming season s soybean/soybean meal supply and demand. While values can change due to weather and market condi ons, it would appear that U.S. produc on of soybeans will be essen ally similar to last years based on the number of acres to be planted to soybean and the an cipated soybean yields. USDA economists are also predic ng a similar soybean crush and a somewhat larger soybean export volume. Both domes c use and exports of soybean meal are predicted to change much from last year s values. U.S. Soybean Supply and Soybean Meal Use (*) Es mated; (**) Projected Reference: USDA/WASDE 577, May 10, 2018 New Swine Use of Soybean Meal Review is Available (June 2018) A new updated review of the use of soybean meal in swine diets has been wri en and is available on the internet. Dr. Han Stein, an interna onal known nutri onist at the University of Illinois has wri en a comprehensive review on the subject. In the 12 page review he discusses several soybean protein products that are used in swine ra ons; soybean meal composi on; the nutri onal value of the meal s components; soybean meal s compe ve advantages over other feed protein ingredients; and provides about 25 references for further study. The review is one of the most comprehensive, complete and technically advanced reviews on the nutri onal benefits of soybean meal in swine feeds wri en. Dr. Stein concluded with the following comments: Soybean products are excellent sources of protein for pigs because their amino acid profiles complement those of cereal grains. Amino acids in soy protein are more diges ble than amino acids in most other plant proteins, which results in less nitrogen being excreted in the manure from pigs fed diets containing soybean meal than if other protein sources are used. Processing of soybean meal to reduce an nutri onal factors improves the diges bility of nutrients and energy, and soybean meal that is fermented or enzyme treated may be used in diets fed to weanling pigs as replacement for fishmeal and other animal proteins. Soybean meal contributes approximately the same quan ty of diges ble energy to the diets as corn, but the energy contribu on from full fat soybeans and from extruded expelled soybean meal is greater than from conven onal soybean meal. Soybean products have a rela vely high concentra on of phosphorus and if microbial phytase is used in the diet, the diges bility of the phosphorus in soybean products is rela vely high. Inclusion of inorganic

3 sources of phosphorus can, therefore, be reduced if soybean products are used together with microbial phytase. Soybean meal can sa sfy the en re requirement for amino acids in diets fed to growing and finishing pigs and to gesta ng and lacta ng sows. However, inclusion of conven onal soybean meal in diets fed to newly weaned pigs should be restricted to less than 20%, but enzyme treated or fermented soybean meal may be used in these diets as addi onal sources of amino acids. Stein, H,H., J. A. Roth, K. M. Sotak, and O. J. Rojas Nutri onal value of soy products fed to pigs. nutri on.ansci.illinois.edu/sites/ default/files/swinefocus004.pdf Energy Values for Soybean Meal (June 2018) The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and net energy (NE) values of soybean meal (SBM) and dehulled soybean meal (DSBM) were determined in experiments with male broilers. The composi on of the SBM and DSBM was 91.4%, 45,4%, 1.56% and 4,210 kcal/kg; and 91.5%, 47.5, 0.95% and 4050 kcal/kg for dry ma er, crude protein, fat and gross energy, respec vely. The test soybean meals replaced twenty five percent of the corn basal diet. The results of this experiment indicated average AME and NE content was 2,492 and 1,581 kcal/kg (DM basis) for SBM, and 2,580 and 1,654 kcal/kg (DM basis) for DSBM, respec vely. Soybean Quality and Trade Symposium (June 2018) The University of Minnesota and the Minnesota Soybean Research & Promo on Council hosted the Ninth Annual Soybean Symposium on March 29, The Symposium brought together several experts to discuss soybean quality and trade. The general topics covered in the symposium were: Global trade issues impac ng soybean supply and demand; Market opportuni es for soybeans with special value added traits; New developments in breeding soybeans with special traits; Observed varia on in soybean quality; and Rela onship of soybean quality to soybean value. The Symposium provided a forum to discuss global trade issues and the importance of improving the composi on of soybeans to be er meet the demands of the consumer of soybean products. Of special interest were the discussions related to importance of soybean meal being a primary source of cri cal amino acids in poultry and swine feeds. Many nutri onists are now formula ng ra ons based on diges ble amino acids rather than crude protein. Much of the discussion was directed at the efforts to develop new soybean varie es that are providing traits desired by the user of soybean products. Our challenges are to develop new value added soybeans with improved composi on, accurately and quickly measure those nutri onal improvements, and provide an economic incen ve to encourage the soybean meal improvement. The a endee s discussion provided encouragement that with new advances in soybean breeding and refinements in feed formula on soybean meal will con nue to be the protein supplement of choice for livestock and poultry producers Power point slides of the ten technical presenta ons can be found on the University of Minnesota Extension website: Reference: h p://z.umn.edu/soybeansymposium/

4 Low Oligosaccharide Soybean Meal for Channel Ca ish (June 2018) Soybean meal is the predominant protein source used in commercial channel ca ish feeds because it has the best amino acid profile among all commonly available plant protein feedstuffs. However, soybean meal contain oligosaccharides that are not u lized in fish due to the lack of diges ve enzymes and microbial ac vi es in fish guts. These compounds can also interfere with nutrient diges on and promote unhealthy gut microflora. A study was conducted at Mississippi State to compare a commercially available soybean meal (SBM) to a low oligosaccharide soybean meal (LOSBM) as the main protein sources in channel ca ish diets. Four diets were formulated to contain 28 or 32 percent protein with CSBM or LOSBM supplying most of the protein. The experiment involved 20 channel ca ish with mean ini al weights of 10.0 grams/fish per aquarium; five aquariums per dietary treatment; and the fish were fed to apparent sa a on once daily for nine weeks. Results indicated that regardless of dietary protein levels, the juvenile ca ish fed diets containing LOSBM had feed consump on, weight gain and feed conversion similar to those fed diets containing SBM. This experiment supported previous studies that channel ca ish u lized SBM well as a protein source and levels of oligosaccharides did not appear to affect the nutrient u liza on and growth performance of the channel ca ish. Menghe Li, Frederic Barrows, Jeff Silverstein, and Brian Peterson Oligosaccharide levels in soy meals don t affect channel ca ish performance. Global Aquaculture Alliance. h p:// levels in soy meal/ Effect of Excessive Heat on Soybean Meal Quality (June 2018) Collabora ve research conducted at the University of Illinois and with a commercial company in Germany studied the effects of excessive heat on diges ble energy (DE) and metabolizable (ME) and standardized ileal diges bility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in a heat treated soybean meal (SBM) fed to growing pigs. Nine treatments were prepared using a conven onal SBM that was either not autoclaved or autoclaved following one of 8 treatments: 110 С for 15 or 30 min or 150 С for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 or 18 min. In the first experiment, 20 barrows weighing about 44 kg were assigned to the 10 treatments. A corn based basal diet and 9 diets containing corn and one of each SBM treatment were formulated. Urine and feces were collected for 5 day. In the second experiment, 10 ileal cannulated barrows were allo ed to the 10 treatments (one N free diet and nine SBM treatments). Ileal digesta were collected. Results indicated no effects of autoclaving at 110 С on ME or on SID of AA in SBM, but both ME and SID of AA in SBM were less (P 0.01) if SBM was autoclaved at 150 С compared with 110 С as shown in the following table. At 150 С, there were linear decreases (P 0.01) in both ME and SID of AA in SBM as hea ng me increased. Table 1. Effect of Heat on Metabolizable energy and Standardized Ileal Diges bility of Amino Acids in Soybean Meal 1110 С vs. 150 С: P < Linear effect of hea ng me at 150 С: P <

5 This research confirms previous observa ons that the amount of heat applied during soybean meal processing affects the nutri ve value of the protein; excessive heat can damage the protein and reduces the diges bly of both the meal s amino acids and metabolizable energy. Mathai, John K., J.K. Htoo, M. Wiltafsky and H.H. Stein Effects of Various Heat Treatments on Concentra ons of Diges ble and Metabolizable Energy and on Amino Acid Diges bility in Soybean Meal Fed to Growing Pigs. J, Anim. Sci. 96 Supplement 2, Abstract 47.