Effects of Different Temperatures and Light Intensities on physiological characteristics of Didymodon vinealis. Ying Lv, Ling Tao, Jun Ren *
|
|
- Louise Simpson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 International Conference on Economy, Management and Education Technology (ICEMET 2015) Effects of Different Temperatures and Light Intensities on physiological characteristics of Didymodon vinealis Ying Lv, Ling Tao, Jun Ren * School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiao tong University, Lanzhou , Gansu, China Corresponding author, renjunjd@126.com Keywords: Didymodon vinealis, temperature, light intensity, physiological characteristics. Abstract. To obtain a better culture conditions and the optimum environmental factors for Didymodon vinealis (D. vinealis) in light incubator, effects of different light intensities (40, 120 and 240 µe.m -2.s -1 ) and temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ) on physiological characteristics of D. vinealis were studies under laboratory conditions. The results showed that Chla, MDA, soluble protein and soluble sugar contents of D. vinealis increased with the time and the light intensities increasing. MDA, soluble protein and soluble sugar contents got the minimum value at 30 and 40 µe.m -2.s -1. In summary, it was found that the optimum environmental factors for the growth of D. vinealis were the temperature 30 and the light intensity 40 µe.m -2.s Introduction Moss soil crusts (MSCs) can be used as indicators of environmental changes [1], Bryum argenteum and Didymodon vinealis are the main species of MSCs [2]. Growth of MSCs is a complex phenomenon requiring suitable environmental conditions to proceed properly, several environmental factors act synergistically on the growth and physiology of MSCs. Light and temperature are basic environmental factors affecting growth of all MSCs [3], photosynthesis, transpiration, carbohydrate metabolism, and other metabolic activities are all affected by temperature and light [4]. Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors affecting growth, reproduction, distribution, abundance and phenology, but also induces physiological responses in organisms [5], low temperatures decreases plant growth and vigor, temperatures above the normal optimum are perceived as heat stress by all living organisms [6]. Light is the main source of energy for carbon assimilation and growth, affecting plant adaptation and acclimation [7]. When these factors are insufficient, growth does not occur. In the present study, many research have discovered that physiological ecology and molecular mechanism of MSCs are affected by a series of environmental factors such as UV-B radiation[8] and drought stress [9], yet little is known of the effects of different light intensities and temperatures on physiological characteristics of Didymodon vinealis (D. vinealis). Therefore, we chose D. vinealis as material, the purpose of this work was to obtain a better culture conditions and the optimum environmental factors for D. vinealis, and to investigate the physiological characteristics of D. vinealis by the changes of chlorophyll a (Chla), lipid peroxidation (MDA), soluble protein and soluble sugar contents. 2. Materials and methods 2.1 Cultivation of D. vinealis D. vinealis, a common dominant species in MSCs, was isolated from Shapotou, Zhongwei County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China (N ", E ") and identified by microscopy. D. vinealis were cultivated in MS medium at different light intensities (40, 120 and 240 µe.m -2.s -1 ) and different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ) with a 12 h light/12 h dark cycle in light incubator (HPG-280B, China) The authors - Published by Atlantis Press 399
2 2.2 Chla measurements. To monitor the effects of different temperatures and light intensities on the growth of D. vinealis, the contents of Chla was assayed. Chla was extracted in 95% ethanol and characterized by the method of Lan [10]. Absorbance values for the supernatants were recorded at 649 nm and 665 nm for Chla (UV-300, UK). 2.3 Estimation of MDA MDA content was performed by the method of Xie [11] with some modifications, the absorbance of the supernatant was measured at 450, 532 and 600 nm (UV-300, UK). 2.4 The determination of soluble protein Soluble protein assay was based on the method described by Bradford [12], absorbance was recorded at 595 nm (UV-300, UK), and protein concentrations were quantified using the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 method using bovine serum albumin (0-100 µg.ml -1 ) as the standard. 2.5 Measurements of soluble sugar According to methods of Li[13] with minor modification, soluble sugars was determined, the absorbance at 630 nm was measured with a spectrophotometer (UV-300, UK), the standard curve for soluble sugar was prepared by sucrose (0-100 µg.ml-1). Each experiment was performed at least in triplicate. 2.6 Statistical analysis Data were analyzed by General Linear Model with the software Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version Pairwise comparisons were performed using the least significant difference (LSD) procedure at the 0.05 significance level. Graphical work was carried out using Origin software Results 3.1 Effect of different time, temperature and light intensity on Chla contents Effects of different time, temperatures and light intensities on Chla contents of D. vinealis was as Fig 1. The results showed that Chla contents were increased with time, temperature and light intensity increasing. Fig. 1 Changes of chlorophyll a contents from Didymodon vinealis with different time, temperatures and light intensities. a, b, c, d respectively showed to consequently compare with different time, temperatures and light intensities, p < Effect of different time, temperature and light intensity on MDA content In Fig 2, with time and light intensity increasing MDA contents increased, MDA content increased significantly with the temperature increasing (>30 ) or decreasing (<30 ), MDA content got the minimum value at 30. The results showed that low or high temperature and high light intensity promoted the accumulation of MDA. 3.3 Effect of different time, temperature and light intensity on soluble protein content In Fig 3, soluble protein contents increased with time and light intensities increasing, at 15 to 30, with temperature increasing soluble protein contents decreased, at 30 to 35, soluble protein 400
3 contents increased again, soluble protein contents got the minimum value at 30. The results showed that low or high temperature and high intensity stress induced the accumulation of soluble protein content. Fig.2 Changes of MDA contents from Didymodon vinealis with different time, temperatures and light intensities. a, b, c, d respectively showed to consequently compare with different time, temperatures and light intensities, p < Fig.3 Changes of soluble protein contents from Didymodon vinealis with different time, temperatures and light intensities. a, b, c, d respectively showed to consequently compare with different time, temperatures and light intensities, p < Fig.4 Changes of soluble sugar contents from Didymodon vinealis with different time, temperatures and light intensities. a, b, c, d respectively showed to consequently compare with different time, temperatures and light intensities, p < Effect of different time, temperature and light intensity on soluble sugar In Fig 4, soluble sugar contents increased with time and light intensities increasing, at 15 to 30, with temperature increasing soluble protein contents decreased, at 30 to 35, soluble protein contents increased again, soluble sugar contents got the minimum value at 30.The results showed that low or high temperature and high intensity stress induced the accumulation of soluble sugar content. 401
4 4. Discussion Plants resort many adaptive strategies in response to abiotic environmental stresses such as temperature and light intensity. These adaptive mechanisms include changes in physiological and biochemical processes [14]. Chla concentration is a useful quantitative indicator of the degree of MSCs development [15], Chla content also gives an indirect measure of nutrient status. In our study, Chla contents changed little at 30 to 35, between 40 and 120 µe.m -2.s -1 Chla content changed little either, the results suggested that D. vinealis could adapt to the conditions and get well growth, it also showed that low temperature and high light intensity significantly inhibited the growth of D. vinealis, it could be seen that D. vinealis was very sensitive to low temperature and high light intensity stress in the process of growth. MDA content is considered to be one of the most important manifestations of lipid peroxidation and its concentration is related to the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation [16]. Therefore, lipid peroxidation can be determined indirectly by measuring MDA concentration, the lower MDA content showed the smaller stress that the plants were suffered from, the higher MDA content indicated that the more serious oxidative damage was gotten by the plant cell membrane. In our study, MDA content increased significantly with the temperature increasing (>30 ) or decreasing (<30 ), there was no difference between 40 and 120 µe.m -2.s -1. The results showed that membrane damage had a close relationship to low or high temperature and high light intensity, temperature and light intensity stress made free radicals accumulate in cells, excess free radicals caused or aggravated membrane lipid peroxidation. MDA content got the minimum value at 30. It showed that this temperature had little influence on D. vinealis and was suitable for the growth of D. vinealis. The soluble proteins may constitute various antioxidant enzymes [17], the changes could reflect protein synthesis and degradation of various information in the cell. In our study, soluble protein content changed significantly with the temperature and the intensity changing. The results showed that soluble protein synthesis and accumulation were induced by the changed temperature and light intensity. The content of soluble protein content was the lowest at the same level at 30 and 40 µe.m -2.s -1, it suggested that this temperature and light intensity were adapted to D. vinealis and made them grow well. Soluble sugars may also function as a typical osmoprotectant, stabilizing cellular membranes, and maintaining turgor [18]. Plants will be induced to accumulate some soluble sugar in the external environment such as temperature and light intensity stress, and reduce the osmotic potential and freezing point to adapt to the change of external environment. In our study, soluble sugar content changed significantly with the light intensity and the temperature changing, the results showed that soluble sugar synthesis and accumulation were induced by the changing temperature and light intensity. Soluble sugar content was the lowest at the same level at 30 and 40 µe.m -2.s -1, it further indicated that this temperature and light intensity were adapted to D. vinealis and made them grow well. 5. Summary In summary, it was found that the optimum environmental factors for the growth of D. vinealis were the light intensity 40 µe.m-2.s-1 and the temperature 30. Under the laboratory conditions D. vinealis could grow rapidly and were gotten minimal stress in the external environment. The results could be provided theory and technical support for large-scale cultivation and field inoculation of D. vinealis. 402
5 References [1]Bargagli R. Environmental contamination in Antarctic ecosystems [J].Science of the Total Environment. vol. 400(2008) No. 1, p [2] Barker D H, Stark L R, Zimpfer J F, et al.evidence of drought induced stress on biotic crust moss in the Mojave Desert[J].Plant, Cell & Environment.vol.28(2005)No.7,p [3] Hroudová Z, Zákravský P.Germination responses of diploid Butomus umbellatus to light, temperature and flooding[j].flora-morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants.vol.198 (2003) No.1,p [4] Monneveux P, Pastenes C, Reynolds M P.Limitations to photosynthesis under light and heat stress in three high-yielding wheat genotypes[j].j Plant Physiol.vol.160(2003)No.6,p [5] Jia F, Dou W, Hu F, et al.effects of thermal stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)[J].Florida Entomologist. vol.94 (2011) No. 4, p [6] Nguyen T M, Bressac C, Chevrier C.Heat stress affects male reproduction in a parasitoid wasp[j].j Insect Physiol.vol.59(2013)No.3,p [7] Valladares F, Niinemets Ü.Shade tolerance, a key plant feature of complex nature and consequences [J].Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. vol. (2008) No [8] Hui R, Li X, Zhao R, et al.uv-b radiation suppresses chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment and antioxidant systems of two key species in soil crusts from the Tengger Desert, China[J].Journal of Arid Environments.vol.113(2015)No [9] Xu S J, Liu C J, Jiang P A, et al.the effects of drying following heat shock exposure of the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis[j].sci Total Environ.vol.407(2009)No.7,p [10] Lan S, Wu L, Zhang D, et al.ethanol outperforms multiple solvents in the extraction of chlorophyll-a from biological soil crusts [J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry. vol.43 (2011) No.4,p [11] Xie Z, Wang Y, Liu Y, et al.ultraviolet-b exposure induces photo-oxidative damage and subsequent repair strategies in a desert cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus Gom.[J].European Journal of Soil Biology.vol.45(2009)No.4,p [12] Bradford M M.A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding [J].Analytical biochemistry. vol.72 (1976) No.1,p [13] Li M, Feng S, Wu L, et al.sugar-rich sweet sorghum is distinctively affected by wall polymer features for biomass digestibility and ethanol fermentation in bagasse[j].bioresour Technol. vol.167 (2014) No [14] Shu X, Zhang Q, Wang W.Effects of temperature and light intensity on growth and physiology in purple root water hyacinth and common water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)[j].environ Sci Pollut Res Int.vol.21(2014)No.22,p [15] Castle S C, Morrison C D, Barger N N.Extraction of chlorophyll a from biological soil crusts: A comparison of solvents for spectrophotometric determination[j].soil Biology and Biochemistry. vol.43 (2011) No.4, p [16] Meng J, Zhang C, Zhu F, et al.ultraviolet light-induced oxidative stress: effects on antioxidant response of Helicoverpa armigera adults [J].Journal of insect physiology.vol. 55(2009) No.6, p
6 [17] Srivastava S, Mishra S, Dwivedi S, et al.nickel phytoremediation potential of broad bean, Vicia faba L., and its biochemical responses[j].bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. vol.74 (2005) No.4, p [18] Gibson S I.Control of plant development and gene expression by sugar signaling [J].Curr Opin Plant Biol.vol.8 (2005) No.1, p
Sequential Extraction of Plant Metabolites
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 2 (2015) pp. 33-38 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Sequential Extraction of Plant Metabolites Shankar L. Laware* PG. Department of Botany, Fergusson College
More informationABSTRACT OF Ph.D. THESIS IN VIVO DETECTION OF LIGHT STRESS INDUCED REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN PLANTS. Ph.D. Thesis. Csengele Barta
ABSTRACT OF Ph.D. THESIS IN VIVO DETECTION OF LIGHT STRESS INDUCED REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN PLANTS Ph.D. Thesis Csengele Barta Supervisor: Dr. Éva Hideg Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy
More informationWork-flow: protein sample preparation Precipitation methods Removal of interfering substances Specific examples:
Dr. Sanjeeva Srivastava IIT Bombay Work-flow: protein sample preparation Precipitation methods Removal of interfering substances Specific examples: Sample preparation for serum proteome analysis Sample
More informationInternational Conference on Material Science and Application (ICMSA 2015)
International Conference on Material Science and Application (ICMSA 215) Antioxidant Synergistic Effect and Formulation Optimization of Several Common Natural Pigments Yi-Hua JIANG 1, a, *, Xin-Long JIANG
More informationROLE OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN ALLEVIATING DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES ON CROP PRODUCTION
ROLE OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN ALLEVIATING DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES ON CROP PRODUCTION by Ismail CAKMAK Sabanci University Istanbul, Turkiye HUGE INCREASES IN WORLD POPULATION FOOD SECURITY
More informationEffects of exogenous IAA on the growth and physiological. characteristics of Chinese cabbage seedlings under salt stress
Advances in Engineering Research (AER), volume 143 6th International Conference on Energy and Environmental Protection (ICEEP 2017) Effects of exogenous IAA on the growth and physiological characteristics
More informationRapid Detection of Milk Protein based on Proteolysis Catalyzed by Trypsinase
Rapid Detection of Milk Protein based on Proteolysis Catalyzed by Trypsinase Yafeng Chen Institute of Food Quality and Safety, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 93, China Email:cyfxy498@6.com
More informationPreparation and characterization of Aloe vera extract
Chapter 2 Preparation and characterization of Aloe vera extract 2.1. INTRODUCTION Aloe vera ethanolic extract was prepared according to Noor et.al, 2008 with few modifications. The phytochemical analysis
More informationResearch on Extraction Process of Gallic Acid from Penthorum chinense Pursh by Aqueous Ethanol
Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 2015, 5, 63-69 Published Online May 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/gsc http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gsc.2015.52009 Research on Extraction Process of Gallic Acid
More informationA. There are about 100 elements; 25 of them are necessary for life. B. Carbon atoms can form long chains, leading to a huge number of possible
Ch. 2 How Cells Function 2.1 Chemical reactions take place inside cells. 1. All cells are made of the same elements. A. There are about 100 elements; 25 of them are necessary for life. B. The smallest
More informationZackary Johnson Department of Oceanography
Zackary Johnson Department of Oceanography http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/oceanography/zij/education/ocn621 Application of Bioenergetics to Biological Oceanography Biochemical parameters indicative of stock
More informationSupporting information. Thermosensitive Lipid Bilayer-Coated Mesoporous Carbon. Nanoparticles for Synergistic Thermochemotherapy of Tumor
Supporting information Thermosensitive Lipid Bilayer-Coated Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticles for Synergistic Thermochemotherapy of Tumor Xian Li, Xiudan Wang, Luping Sha, Da Wang, Wei Shi, Qinfu Zhao*,,
More informationTitle: UV-B-induced Oxidative Damage and Protective Role of. Exopolysaccharides in Desert Cyanobacterium Microcoleus
Title: UV-B-induced Oxidative Damage and Protective Role of Exopolysaccharides in Desert Cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus Authors: Lan-Zhou CHEN 1, Gao-Hong WANG 2, Song HONG 1, An LIU 1, Cheng LI
More informationAn improved method to characterize crude lipoxygenase extract from wheat germ
ORIGINAL ARTICLE An improved method to characterize crude lipoxygenase extract from wheat germ Bin Xu 1, Wen-juan Miao 1, Kai Guo 2, Qing-song Hu 1,BoLi 1 & Ying Dong 1 1 School of Food and Biological
More informationOXIDATIVE STRESS STUDIES ON LIPID MODEL MEMBRANES
OXIDATIVE STRESS STUDIES ON LIPID MODEL MEMBRANES MARCELA ELISABETA BARBINTA-PATRASCU *, LAURA TUGULEA * * Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Romania Received December 21, 2004 The liposomes
More informationYves Kessler European Turf Management. pro line. The new generation of biofertilizers. The.key for your quality turfgrass!
pro line The new generation of biofertilizers. The.key for your quality turfgrass! pro line General information... Following you will find a specific assortment of a new biofertilizer generation. The L-amino
More informationCadmium and Chromium Accumulation in the Tissues of the Chinese Rice Grasshopper, Oxya chinensis
2011,30(12):2440-2445 Journal of Agro-Environment Science Oxya chinensis 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1* 1. 030006 2. 030006 3. 030031 Oxya chinensis > > > > > > > > > > 6.798 4 mg kg -1 3.347 7 mg kg -1 P >
More informationSTEFES GMBH D Hamburg, Wendenstr. 21b Tel +49(0) Fax +49(0)
Sanovita Produktions- und Vertriebs GmbH D-78532 Tuttlingen, Bahnhofstrasse 71 Telefon: +49 (0) 7461 9335-0 Telefax: +49 (0) 7461 9335-44 info@sanovita-gmbh.de www.sanovita-gmbh.de STEFES GMBH D- 20097
More informationAchieving Wellness through a whole foods based diet
Achieving Wellness through a whole foods based diet By: Aziza Amarshi, BSc, RPh, RHN aziza@kingcitypharmacy.ca King City Guardian Pharmacy In the business of keeping you healthy Today s discussion What
More informationChapter 2 Biochemical changes and antioxidant activity of elephant- foot yam corm during development
Chapter 2 Biochemical changes and antioxidant activity of elephant- foot yam corm during development Introduction The corm of elephant-foot yam is used as vegetable and also as a major ingredient in various
More informationName: Multiple Choice. Mark your answers on this test. Then carefully transfer your answers to the scan sheet provided
Science 7 Name: Section: Mid-Term Review WS Date: Multiple Choice. Mark your answers on this test. Then carefully transfer your answers to the scan sheet provided 1. The diagram below represents four organisms.
More informationQuantitative Determination of Proteins
UV-0003 Introduction One of the easiest and most accurate spectroscopic tool for determining protein concentration is by UV-Visible spectrophotometers. The V-630 is designed for biochemical analysis and
More informationFOOD. Why do we need food? What's in our food? There are 3 trace elements, Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn).
Why do we need food? FOOD 1. As a source of energy keeps our cells and us alive. 2. To make chemicals for our metabolic reactions. 3. As raw materials for growth and repair of our cells and body. What's
More informationIntroduction. Cell Biology OLM
1 of 21 8/3/2011 1:46 PM Cell Biology OLM Introduction Anthocyanins are natural plant pigments that give various fruits, vegetables and flowers red, blue and purple color. Blueberries, blackberries, raspberries
More information1 Small molecules are used as the basic units in the synthesis of large food molecules. Which statement is correct? A
1 Small molecules are used as the basic units in the synthesis of large food molecules. Which statement is correct? mino acids are basic units of carbohydrates. Fatty acids are basic units of glycogen.
More informationIsolation, Characterization of algal Chlorophyll and Hydrocarbon content in algae found in National Capital Region
Isolation, Characterization of algal Chlorophyll and Hydrocarbon content in algae found in National Capital Region Bhatnagar Tripti, Awasthi Shashank, Kumar Sanjeev Codon Biotech Pvt. Ltd., C-23, Sector
More informationZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C 18 (100 mm 4.6 mm 3.5 µm) Lichrospher-C 18 (200 mm 4.6 mm 5 µm) Megres5-C 18 (250 mm 4.6 mm 5 µm)
1 11 Tab. 1 Similarity of 11 batches of Formula Granule of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba /% S1 0904181 0.991 S2 1002065 0.985 S3 1009047 0.998 S4 1101070 0.963 S5 1104052 0.991 S6 1108069 0.975 S7 1110021
More informationCarbs: The Staff of Life, or The Stuff of Death? Ed Cox, M.D.
Carbs: The Staff of Life, or The Stuff of Death? Ed Cox, M.D. Pyramid, or Paleo? Carbs defined Carbohydrates (abbrev. CHO) = saccharides Saccharide from Greek for sugar Compounds of carbon, oxygen and
More informationBIOL 305L Laboratory Four
Please print Full name clearly: BIOL 305L Laboratory Four An investigation of biochemical changes to tomato fruit when it ripens Introduction According to an old country song by John Denver, the only two
More informationThe effect of nano-micronutrients seed priming on germinability of Kabuli chickpea
Current Opinion in Agriculture Curr. Opin. Agric. 2016 5(1), 24 30. The effect of nano-micronutrients seed priming on germinability of Kabuli chickpea Zahra Sayadiazar 1, Maryam Mohammadzadeh 1,Robab Morsali
More information6 CHAPTER-6 TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT DETERMINATION
6 CHAPTER-6 TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT DETERMINATION 6.1 PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS Phenolic compounds are a group of chemical compounds that are widely distributed in nature. They are simple compounds
More informationExploring Food Science What s On Your Plate? Fruits and Vegetables -- Down with Brown Activity 3.1 Glossary
Exploring Food Science What s On Your Plate? Fruits and Vegetables -- Down with Brown Activity 3.1 Glossary Anti-browning agents Antioxidant Browning Enzymatic browning (en-zahy-mat-ik ) Enzyme (en-zahym
More informationVETIVER FORAGE and BIOMASS
VETIVER FORAGE and BIOMASS Vetiver grass is a very versatile plant that has been used worldwide to address a myriad of environmental and engineering rehabilitation issues. Due to its unique ability, except
More informationA summary of topics for 3 rd Year igcse Biology
A summary of topics for 3 rd Year igcse Biology Practical work shown in bold is included in the specification Teachers can also include other practical work to support their teaching Third Year Topics
More informationScreening of Monacolin K-high-yielding Monascus strain by combinative mutation treatment
264507~5162007 Mycosystema 1 550002 2 100039 3 550002 4 550000 Monascus purpureus 45s 1.0 Monacolin K Monascus purpureus ZT32 5 Monacolin K 219.9µg/mL 2 Monacolin K 8.33mg/g 3.3 Q939.5 A 1672-6472200704-0507-0516
More informationCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, , China
2018 International Conference on Modeling, Simulation and Optimization (MSO 2018) ISBN: 978-1-60595-542-1 Optimization of the Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Saponins from Germinated Quinoa and the Evaluation
More informationReview for Regular Test - H2O, ph, Macromolecules, Enzymes, ATP, Photo, CR A. A B. F C. C D. D
Macromolecules, Enzymes, TP, Photo, R Name: ate: 1. The accompanying diagram represents some chemical events that take place in one type of autotrophic nutrition. 3. The dark reactions in the stroma are
More informationChina. Keywords: Synergistic Effects, Antioxidant, Ginkgo Leaves Flavonoid, Loquat Leaves Flavonoid, Response Surface Method(RSM).
2016 International Conference on Energy Development and Environmental Protection (EDEP 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-360-1 Antioxidant Synergistic Effect and Formulation Optimization of Ginkgo Leaves Flavonoid
More informationUnit B: Seed Germination, Growth, and Development. Lesson 4: Determining Nutrient Functions and Utilization
Unit B: Seed Germination, Growth, and Development Lesson 4: Determining Nutrient Functions and Utilization 1 Terms Denitrification Leach Macronutrient Micronutrient Nitrification Nitrogen cycle Nitrogen
More informationThe production in May was below average registered value, while in July it was a bit more than half of it. At the end of the vegetation period
ABSTRACT The present thesis proposes to study medicinal herbs with hepatic- gall bladder action, plants which were cultivated in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Tecuci area. Owing to the fact that most
More informationPotential of Different Light Intensities on the Productivity of Spirulina maxima
Potential of Different Light Intensities on the Productivity of Spirulina maxima J. P. Pandey *, Amit Tiwari, Suchita Singh and Dileep Tiwari 1 Department of Biotechnology, Govt. T. R. S. College, Rewa
More informationNot long ago the world was caught up in an anti-carbohydrate craze.
Carbohydrates Not long ago the world was caught up in an anti-carbohydrate craze. What was or is the problem? Why are carbohydrates so unpopular? Carbohydrates are sugar compounds that plants make when
More informationLecture 19: Soil Organic Matter
Lecture 19: Soil Organic Matter Effects of OM Properties on Soil Property Dark color Excellent water retention Binds to clay minerals Metal chelation Low water solubility ph buffering High CEC Nutrient
More informationDrought Stress and Its Impact on Protein in Three Species of Vitex
Journal of Stress Physiology & Biochemistry, Vol. 7 3 2011, pp. 152-158 ISSN 1997-0838 Original Text Copyright 2011 by De Britto, Kumar, Gracelin and Jency ORIGINAL ARTICLE Drought Stress and Its Impact
More informationLife Process. AMP + Phosphate ADP (Adenosine Di phosphate) ADP + Phosphate ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate) How AMP is formed? Adenosine + Phosphate AMP
Life Process 1. Photo = Light Synthesis = Process / system / Reaction i.e. Photosynthesis means Light Process. 2. Wave Lengths of visible light is 400 700 nm 3. mount of CO 2 present in atmosphere 0.03%
More informationSummary Consumer Products
Summary Consumer Products National 4 Carbohydrates are naturally occurring compounds which contain the elements Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen, with the Hydrogen and Oxygen in the ratio of two to one. Plants
More informationBiochemical Concepts. Section 4.6 The Chemistry of Water. Pre-View 4.6. A Covalent Polar Molecule
Biochemical Concepts Section 4.6 The Chemistry of Water Pre-View 4.6 Polar molecule a molecule that has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end Hydrogen bond
More informationReport for using aquatic plant as phytoremediation for removing heavy metals
Report for using aquatic plant as phytoremediation for removing heavy metals Vu Thi Dieu Huong (M2) 1. INTRODUCTION Charophytes are submerged macrophytes grown in wide range of water bodies and its existence
More informationResponse of Osmotic Regulation Substance Content and Protective Enzyme Activities to Shading in Leaves of Different Rice Genotypes
Rice Science, 2013, 20(4): 276 283 Copyright 2013, China National Rice Research Institute Published by Elsevier BV. All rights reserved DOI: 10.1016/S1672-6308(13)60137-7 Response of Osmotic Regulation
More informationClass 10 Nutrition Important questions-2
1 Class 10 Nutrition Important questions-2 Question 1 How are autotrophs classified? Autotrophs are classified based on their source of energy. If they use the light energy of the sun, they are called
More informationResearch & Reviews: Journal of Botanical Sciences
Research & Reviews: Journal of Botanical Sciences Study on the Methods of β- Carotene Extraction of Spirulina platensis Zhang Meiping* and Jia Caixian College of life science, ShanXi Normal University,
More informationTPO Roofing Membranes: TPO Roofing: Stability and Performance. Stability and Performance. Dr. Kimberly Deaton Johns Manville
TPO Roofing Membranes: TPO Roofing: Stability and Performance Stability and Performance Dr. Kimberly Deaton Johns Manville Outline TPO Roofing Membrane What is TPO Degradation Modes Protection Performance
More informationCh 2 Molecules of life
Ch 2 Molecules of life Think about (Ch 2, p.2) 1. Water is essential to life. If there is water on a planet, it is possible that life may exist on the planet. 2. Water makes up the largest percentage by
More informationNCERT SOLUTIONS OF Life Processes
1 NCERT SOLUTIONS OF Life Processes Question 1: Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms like humans? Answer: The body structure of multicellular organism
More informationStandard B-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the flow of energy within and between living systems.
B-3.1 Summarize the overall process by which photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy and interpret the chemical equation for the process. Taxonomy Level: 2.4-B and 2.1-B Understand Conceptual
More information2. Compared to normal corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup is A) sweeter. B) less sweet. C) the same sweetness. D) higher in calories.
CHEM 100 MODULE 10 PRETEST 1. Blood sugar is A) fructose. B) glucose. C) lactose. D) sucrose. 2. Compared to normal corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup is A) sweeter. B) less sweet. C) the same sweetness.
More informationEcosystems and Microbiology Unit Study Guide
Ecosystems and Microbiology Unit Study Guide 4.L.1 Understand the effects of environmental changes, adaptations and behaviors that enable animals (including humans) to survive in changing habitats. 4.L.1.1
More informationHow to Develop a Balanced Program for Pecan and Chili. Robert R Smith
Essential Plant Nutrients How to Develop a Balanced Program for Pecan and Chili Robert R Smith Nutrition Management Involves Knowledge of: Site/Soil characteristics and chemistry Plant requirements Cropping
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2017, 9(3): Research Article
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2017, 9(3):214-218 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Extraction Optimization and Antioxidant Activity
More informationFigure 1. Bacterial growth curve.
INTRODUCTION In order for suitable growth and division, a microorganism must be placed into a favorable environment. Bacterial growth refers to an increase in cell number rather than cell size. Bacteria
More informationFlower pigment analysis of Melastoma malabathricum
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 5 (2), pp. 17-174, 16 January 26 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/ajb ISSN 1684 5315 26 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Flower pigment
More informationTYPE: ORGANIC NUTRIENTS CODE: BF4 - GRANULE (JAIVIZYME)
TYPE: ORGANIC NUTRIENTS CODE: BF4 GRANULE (JAIVIZYME) AVAILABLE: BULK, PRIVATE LABEL & BRANDS Composition Ingredient % Potassium Humate 5.00% w/w Min. Carrier Granules 95.00% w/w Max. Advantages Mode of
More information8 LIFE PROCESSES NUTRITION TRANSPORT REGULATION SYNTHESIS EXCRETION GROWTH REPRODUCTION RESPIRATION
8 LIFE PROCESSES NUTRITION REGULATION EXCRETION REPRODUCTION TRANSPORT SYNTHESIS GROWTH RESPIRATION LIFE PROCESSES Nutrition (ingestion, digestion, egestion) 1- Nutrients are used by all living things
More informationBiomolecule: Carbohydrate
Biomolecule: Carbohydrate This biomolecule is composed of three basic elements (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) in a 1:2:1 ratio. The most basic carbohydrates are simple sugars, or monosaccharides. Simple
More informationInternational Journal of Food Nutrition and Safety, 2012, 1(2): International Journal of Food Nutrition and Safety
International Journal of Food Nutrition and Safety, 2012, 1(2): 54-59 International Journal of Food Nutrition and Safety Journal homepage: www.modernscientificpress.com/journals/ijfns.aspx ISSN: 2165-896X
More informationColor-Tunable and High-Efficiency. Dye-Encapsulated Metal-Organic Framework. (MOF) Composites Used for Smart White
Supporting Information Color-Tunable and High-Efficiency Dye-Encapsulated Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Composites Used for Smart White LEDs Wenwei Chen a, Yixi Zhuang a, *, Le Wang b, *, Ying Lv a, Jianbin
More informationCHEMISTRY OF LIFE 05 FEBRUARY 2014
CHEMISTRY OF LIFE 05 FEBRUARY 2014 In this lesson we will: Lesson Description Discuss inorganic compounds and their importance Discuss organic compounds and their biological importance. Summary Inorganic
More informationTEST NAME:Cells and Health TEST ID: GRADE:08 - Eighth Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: School Assessment
TEST NAME:Cells and Health TEST ID:1326431 GRADE:08 - Eighth Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: School Assessment Cells and Health Page 1 of 15 Student: Class: Date: 1. Which best
More informationRoll of Poly Amines (Spermidine and Putrescine) on Protein, Chlorophyll and Phenolic Compounds in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Salinity Stress
Journal of Novel Applied Sciences Available online at www.jnasci.org 2013 JNAS Journal-2013-2-12/746-751 ISSN 2322-5149 2013 JNAS Roll of Poly Amines (Spermidine and Putrescine) on Protein, Chlorophyll
More informationChapter 1: Overview of soil fertility, plant nutrition, and nutrient management
Chapter 1: Overview of soil fertility, plant nutrition, and nutrient management Agustin Pagani, John E. Sawyer, and Antonio P. Mallarino / Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University Developed in cooperation
More informationPhytofuse Renew Anti-Pollution + Film Forming + Moisturizing
Anti-Pollution + Film Forming + Moisturizing Technical Information Product Code: 16586 INCI Name: Selaginella Lepidophylla Extract INCI Status: Approved Suggested Use Level: 1.0-10.0% Suggested Applications:
More information4 Biological Molecules
For more awesome GSE and level resources, visit us at www.savemyexams.co.uk/ iological Molecules Question Paper Level Subject Exam oard Unit ooklet IGSE iology ambridge International Examinations 4 iological
More informationBiological Forum An International Journal 7(1): (2015)
ISSN No. (Print): 0975-1130 ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239 Effects of Application Method and Level of Salicylic acid on some Morphological Characteristics of Ocimum basilicum L. Leaves under Sodium Chloride
More informationOPTIMIZATION OF EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR TOTAL POLYPHENOLS FROM ADLAY
OPTIMIZATION OF EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR TOTAL POLYPHENOLS FROM ADLAY Yun-Xin Liu and Qing-Ping Hu * College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China ABSTRACT: The single-factor experiment
More information6 The chemistry of living organisms
Living organisms are composed of about 22 different chemical elements. These are combined to form a great variety of compounds. Six major elements make up almost 99% of the mass of the human body, as shown
More informationCell Processes Review
1. Most green algae are able to obtain carbon dioxide from the environment and use it to synthesize organic compounds. This activity is an example of 1) hydrolysis 2) saprophytism 3) cellular respiration
More informationPlant, Soil, and Nutrients
Plant, Soil, and Nutrients 1 Where do plants get their nutrients? - Atmospheric Deposition (N, S) - Irrigation water - Shallow groundwater 2 What is surface exchange? Soil has an overall charge Overall
More informationFluoride mediated biochemical responses and removal potential in hydroponically grown duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza L. Scheldien)
Fluoride mediated biochemical responses and removal potential in hydroponically grown duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza L. Scheldien) Ritika Sharma 1 and Rajinder Kaur *2 1, Department of Botanical and Environmental
More informationSupporting Information. Light-enhanced hypoxia-response of conjugated polymer nanocarrier. for successive synergistic photodynamic and chemo-therapy
Supporting Information Light-enhanced hypoxia-response of conjugated polymer nanocarrier for successive synergistic photodynamic and chemo-therapy Xiaolong Zhang a,d, Ming Wu a,d, Jiong Li a,c,d, Shanyou
More informationTHE QUALITY OF ROSELLE (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) JUICES MADE FROM ROSELLE CALYCES STORED AT DIFFERENT COLD TEMPERATURES
Malays. Appl. Biol. THE (2013) QUALITY 42(1): OF 67 71 ROSELLE JUICES STORED AT DIFFERENT COLD TEMPERATURES 67 THE QUALITY OF ROSELLE (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) JUICES MADE FROM ROSELLE CALYCES STORED AT
More informationBIOZYME is a product in use by Latin American farmers in a wide range of crops to provide outstanding results for more than 18 years.
BIOZYME BIOZYME TM is a unique formulation developed to enhance plant and crop performance. It influences plant nutrient uptake that enhances fruit set, fruit numbers, fruit quality and general crop performance.
More informationSAFE HANDS NEET - IB - PT4 Date : 25/12/2017 TEST ID: 4 Time : 01:30:00 Marks : th PCB
SAFE HANDS NEET - IB - PT4 Date : 25/12/2017 TEST ID: 4 Time : 01:30:00 Marks : 360 11th PCB PHYSICS 1) b 2) d 3) b 4) c 5) b 6) c 7) c 8) d 9) b 10) a 11) c 12) a 13) b 14) c 15) b CHEMISTRY 16) c 17)
More informationLesson Overview Objectives: Students will be able to Learn about key nutrients that both plants & people need to grow and be healthy
Nutrients of Life Grade Level: K-3 Green and Healthy Kids - Outdoors Topic 7: Gardening All food comes from the one and only planet we live on. So it s important to keep our planet clean and able to sustain
More informationMark Scheme (Results) Summer Pearson Edexcel International GCSE In Biology (4BI0) Paper 2B
Mark Scheme (Results) Summer 2018 Pearson Edexcel International GCSE In Biology (4BI0) Paper 2B Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by Pearson, the UK s largest
More information> BACK TO CONTENTS PAGE
Chapter 4 Other Additives There are things other than just nutrients and water that can sometimes be added to the nutrient solution, in order to help along plant growth. In some instances these additions
More informationHawaiian Spirulina Pacifica
Hawaiian Spirulina Pacifica World s Healthiest Food More nutrition gram-per-gram than any other product in the world Spirulina Nutrient Comparison Spirulina has 300% more calcium than whole milk Good for
More informationUGRC 145: FOOD AND NUTRITION IN EVERYDAY LIFE
UGRC 145: FOOD AND NUTRITION IN EVERYDAY LIFE Session 2 MACRONUTRIENTS Lecturer: PROF. MATILDA STEINER-ASIEDU, SBS, CBAS; University of Ghana, Email: tillysteiner@gmail.com College of Education School
More informationBIOL 347L Laboratory Three
Introduction BIOL 347L Laboratory Three Osmosis in potato and carrot samples Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration,
More informationResearches on Fermentation Engineering of Polysaccharide of
13 1 Vol13 No1 1 2009 2 Life Science Research Feb 2009 1a 1b, 2, 1 416000 2 416000 3 410300 : (Cordyceps militaris), :, 6% 1% 25, ; 6% 1% 22, : ; ; ; ; ; : TQ92 : A : 1007-7847(2009)01-0065-06 Researches
More informationA rapid and sensitive assay method for measuring amine oxidase based on hydrogen peroxide titanium complex formation
Plant Science 157 (2000) 157 163 www.elsevier.com/locate/plantsci A rapid and sensitive assay method for measuring amine oxidase based on hydrogen peroxide titanium complex formation Sudipa Nag, Kalpana
More informationPreparation and Properties of Cornstarch Adhesives
Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 5(8): 168-172, 213 ISSN: 242-4868; e-issn: 242-4876 Maxwell Scientific Organization, 213 Submitted: April 16, 213 Accepted: May 14, 213 Published: August
More informationN:P:K 2:3:3 N:P:K 10:6:4
N:P:K 2:3:3 & N:P:K 10:6:4 These organic fertilizers are the breakthrough results of over 40 years in biotechnological research and are being widely used in South East Asia, Australia and The Middle East.
More informationCO 2 fixation, lipid production and power generation by a novel air-lift-type microbial carbon capture cell system
1 Supporting Information 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CO 2 fixation, lipid production and power generation by a novel air-lift-type microbial carbon capture cell system Xia Hu, Baojun Liu, Jiti Zhou*,Ruofei Jin, Sen
More informationProtein-Mediated Anti-Adhesion Surface against Oral Bacteria
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supporting Information Protein-Mediated Anti-Adhesion Surface against Oral Bacteria Xi Liu a,b,
More informationEnhancement of Lipid Production of Chlorella pyrenoidosa Cultivated in Municipal Wastewater by Magnetic Treatment
International Forum on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (IFEESD 2016) Enhancement of Lipid Production of Chlorella pyrenoidosa Cultivated in Municipal Wastewater by Magnetic Treatment Renjie
More information1. understand that the internal skeleton of vertebrates is needed for support and movement
B7.1 Peak performance movement and exercise 1. understand that the internal skeleton of vertebrates is needed for support and movement 2. understand that muscles can only move bones at a joint by contraction,
More informationBIOCHEMISTRY. There are 4 major types of organic compounds each with unique characteristics: A. CARBOHYDRATES Contain,, and. Ratio of H:O is always
BIOCHEMISTRY All organic compounds must contain and Are the following organic? Why or why not? H2O CO2 CH4 There are 4 major types of organic compounds each with unique characteristics: A. CARBOHYDRATES
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level SCIENCE 5125/04, 5126/04
Centre Number Candidate Number Name UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level SCIENCE 5125/04, 5126/04 Paper 4 Biology Additional Materials: Answer
More informationNIS/WW Report 1 1 of 11. Report 1. Testing of Willard s Water for antioxidant capacity and cellular uptake of selected nutrients.
NIS/WW Report 1 1 of 11 October 18, 2012. Report for: John Willard WW Industries, Inc. PO Box 4040 Rapid City, South Dakota 57709 Phone: (888) 379-4552 Fax: (605) 343-0109 Email: john@drwillard.com Web:
More informationEffect of nitrogen source on the growth and lipid production of microalgae
Effect of nitrogen source on the growth and lipid production of microalgae H. Varsha rani 1*, K. T.Vijaya Kumar and V. Eswarappa 1 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences,
More information