ISSN Volume 2, Number 2 June 2010

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2 Scope and policy of e journal Agricultural Science and Technology /AST/ an International Scientific Journal of Agricultural and Technology Sciences is published in English in one volume of 4 issues per year, as a printed journal and in electronic form. The policy of e journal is to publish original papers, reviews and short communications covering e aspects of agriculture related wi life sciences and modern technologies. It will offer opportunities to address e global needs relating to food and environment, heal, exploit e technology to provide innovative products and sustainable development. Papers will be considered in aspects of bo fundamental and applied science in e areas of Genetics and Breeding, Nutrition and Physiology, Production Systems, Agriculture and Environment and Product Quality and Safety. Oer categories closely related to e above topics could be considered by e editors. The detailed information of e journal is available at e website. Proceedings of scientific meetings and conference reports will be considered for special issues. Submission of Manuscripts All manuscript written in English should be submitted as MSWord file attachments via to ascitech@unisz.bg. Manuscripts must be prepared strictly in accordance wi e detailed instructions for auors at e website and e instructions on e last page of e journal. For each manuscript e signatures of all auors are needed confirming eir consent to publish it and to nominate on auor for correspondence. They have to be presented by a submission letter signed by all auors. The form of e submission letter is available upon from request from e Technical Assistance or could be downloaded from e website of e journal. All manuscripts are subject to editorial review and e editors reserve e right to improve style and return e paper for rewriting to e auors, if necessary. The editorial board reserves rights to reject manuscripts based on priorities and space availability in e journal. include electronic access and delivery. Subscription run for full calendar year. Orders, which must be accompanied by payment may be sent direct to e publisher: Trakia University Faculty of Agriculture, Bank account: UniCredit Bulbank, Sofia BIC: UNCRBGSF IBAN: BG9UNCR Wi UniCredit Bulbank Stara Zagora Internet Access This journal is included in e Trakia University Journals online Service which can be found at Copyright All rights reserved. No part of is publications may be translated into oer languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or any information storage and retrieval system wiout permission in writing from e publisher. Address of Editorial office: Agricultural Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University Student's campus, 6000 Stara Zagora Bulgaria Telephone.: Technical Assistance: Nely Tzvetanova Telephone.: ascitech@unisz.bg Subscriptions Agricultural Science and Technology is published four times a year. The subscription price for institutions is 80 and for personal subscription 30 which

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5 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL., No, pp 75 77, 0 Effectiveness of e insecticide Mido 0 SL in e fight wi e green rose aphid populations (Macrosiphum Rosae L) H. Lambev* Institute of roses and aromatic plants, 49 Osvobozhdenie, 60 Kazanlak, Bulgaria Abstract. The study was carried out in e period in e Institute of roses and aromatic plants Kazanlak. The preparation was used against Macrosiphum rosae L. in a plantation wi Rosa damascena Mill. at a dose of 500 ml/ha. Observations were made in e following continuity: preliminary, on e 3rd, 7 and 14 day. The effectiveness of e insecticide Mido 0 SL was calculated according to e formula of Henderson and Tilton in e range between % for e period. Mido 0 SL is effective against Macrosiphum rosae L., but it has a toxic effect on useful insects in e plantation. Keywords: rose aphid, insecticide, effectiveness Introduction Crimea. In Bulgaria ese species develop a lot more weakly in comparison wi e rose green aphid. The green rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae L.) is one of e The aim of present investigation was to establish e effect of major pests on oilbearing roses, decorative roses, and briars. It is insecticide Mido 0 SL for control of green rose aphids. spread roughout e rose production regions and is one of e most common and most dangerous enemies of one and twoyearold sprouts of e Kazanlak rose (Margina et al., 1999). The body is Material and meods green and shiny brown, up to 3.5 mm in leng, wi a swordshaped stylet at e back end, and long black sap pipes (Harizanov and The experiment was carried out wi a flowering rose plantation Harizanova, 1998). It winters as an egg on e stalk of a one or two of Rosa damascena Mill. Improved population 5, on an area of yearold sprouts, around e prickles, e dormant buds, and in e 150 m. The meod used was e block linear meod, wi two cracks on e bark (Nikolova, 1969; Margina et al., 1999). The variants in four replications. The area of a single lot was 15 m. The hatching of e larvae starts in spring, usually in April, when number of shrubs in a replication 0. All e necessary agrotemperatures in e field reach an average of C wiin days. technical activities were done in e experimental area wiout After hatching e larvae start sucking e sap of e growing buds, treating wi oer insecticides except for Mido 0 SL (imidacloprid and at e end of April or e beginning of May e founding females 00 g/l). appear on e young sprouts. They give bir to larvae and found The data readings in e experimental area were done in colonies on e top parts of e shoots, e blossom stem and buds, accordance wi e plan of studies, i.e. immediately before e rd from which ey suck e sap. The colonies on e leaves prevail in, on e 3, 7 and 14 day after e wi Mido 0 June and July, on e tops of young sprouts in JuneJuly, and July SL while recording e number of living aphids in e treated areas August, on e buds in May and June (Nikolova, 1969). In intense and ose of e untreated reference area. In each of e monitored reproduction eir density reaches 50 per every cm of e lots young sprouts wi developed colonies on em were marked sprouts. The degree of attack varies from weak in April, average in beforehand mainly in e top parts and e periphery of e bushes May, to intense in June and July. Depending on e climatic in e middle of each of e experimental lots. The study was carried conditions e rose green aphid develops from 6 to 7 generations a out in accordance wi e requirements of Directives 181/3/, 15/3 / year, and in August rough mid September a depression in e and 135/3/ of European and Mediterranean Plant Protection population density occurs. In suitable conditions (wiout severe Organization (EPPO), e Meodology of biological testing of e droughts or extreme temperatures) e development can continue effectiveness of insecticides Aphids оn fruitgiving trees, bushes wiout a clearcut depression roughout e whole vegetation and smallfruit crops, National Plant Protection Organisation I1/(1), period (Margina et al., 1999). Macrosiphum rosae is commercially EPPO 1/1 (). harmful to young 1yearold plantations, mainly in June and July, when e clusters of colonies on young sprouts start stunting e shrub development. Oer representatives of e family Aphididae on e oilbearing rose are Myzaphis bucktoni Jakob., Pentatrichopus tetrarhodus Results and discussion Walk., and Metopolophium dirhodum Walk. (Sharonova, 1978; Kovaleva, 1984; Margina et al., 1999). P. tetrarhodus is reported to In bo years of e experiment e aphids appeared one by one be one of e major pests on oilbearing roses in Moldavia and as early as e beginning of April, and e first two colonies were * lambev_iremk@abv.bg 75

6 observed in e second decade of e mon. Until at moment e decade of May. The highest density period for e aphidophagi pest attack in e experimental area was recorded to be below e coincided wi e oilbearing rose bloom, and e period reshold of harm for e pest (15% of affected sprouts). Wi e immediately after it. The number of aphid colonies was significantly emergence of e winged migrant aphid at e end of April e spread reduced on sprouts, where one could see e adults and larvae of of e pests increased significantly and at e beginning of May e aphidophagi. attack reached 5% of e young sprouts, and highly dense colonies The of e different varieties in was done could be observed. The peak in e development of e pest was in e bud formation phase at a rate of 500 l/ha. The maximum effect reached in e second decade of May and e beginning of June. of e preparation was recorded till e 7 day after e, The environmental conditions were favourable for e and on e 14 day a new starting phase of aphid colony formation development of e rose aphid. In April e density of e natural was observed. Till e 7 day separate flying migrant females were aphidophagi in e experimental area was relatively low which discovered which had come from neighbouring parts of e enabled e quick development of e colonies and eir spread onto plantation. The average values for e readings for 008 and 009 e surrounding sprouts. In April e main aphidophagi were e are given in Table 1. The efficiency was evaluated on e basis of e adult 7spot ladybirds (Coccinela septempunctata), and wi a data obtained from counting e number of living individuals on e smaller share was e twospot ladybird (Adalia bipunctata). Some marked sprouts, and e Henderson/Tilton formula was used in predator bedbugs occurred as well, but also at low density. The calculations. The average data for bo years is given in Table. beginning of May saw e emergence of e ladybirds' larvae, as well During s no phytotoxic reactions were recorded on e as e syrphyd flies and e chrysopidae, especially in e second leaves and oer organs of e rose bushes. The experiment did not Таble 1. A summary table for e living individuals of Macrosiphum rosae on e marked sprouts of e red oilbearing rose Plant protection preparation reading Date sprouts Before living aphids rd 3 day after living aphids 7 day after living aphids 14 day after living aphids Mido 0 SL Total Total Таble. Еffectiveness of Mido 0 SL against Macrosiphum rosae L. on oilbearing roses Variant Marked sprouts /number/ Living aphids number Е % Period of reading Mido 0 SL 87 Before Mido 0 SL rd 3 day after t reatment Mido 0 SL day after Mido 0 SL day after 76

7 establish any unfavourable effect of e Mido 0 SL on e development of oilbearing roses. The blooming took place normally and no deformations or oer signs of damage on e blossoms and on e vegetative parts of e plants were observed. The monitoring of e marked and treated sprouts made it obvious at e preparation has an insecticide effect on e rose cicade on e oilbearing rose. In laboratory conditions and a direct it was found at ere is a toxic effect on some larvae of e syrphyd flies as well as ladybirds, and a strong toxicity against bees. Conclusion The preparation has high effectiveness against e green rose aphid on e oilbearing rose, wi e effect being e strongest before e 7 day after up to 99.8%. The aftereffect of e insecticide Mido 0 SL lasts for days and it can successfully regulate e number of aphid colonies before e bloom of e oilbearing rose. Mido 0 SL is toxic against rose cicades and oer pests on roses, but is fairly to highly toxic for e predator entomophagi on roses and for bees. That is why, it is necessary appropriate measures to be taken for eir preservation. References Harizanov A and Harisanova V, Pests on crops, damage and e fight wi em. Part., Sofia, Zemizdat, 0, (Bg). Kovaleva VF, Entomological research on essential oil roses. Essential oil crops selection, technology of eir cultivation and processing. Works XVI, Simferopol, , (Ru). Margina A, I Lecheva, K Seikova, Disease, pests, and weeds on e oilbearing rose, mint, valleriana, and yellow poppy. Forum 13, 736, (Bg). Nikolova V, Cenological studies on oilbearing rose plantations. Sofia, BAS. Sharonova MV, Harmful and beneficial enomofauna in e essential oil plantations in Moldova. Hristo Danov, 6931, Plovdiv (Bg). 77

8 Instruction for auors Preparation of papers Papers shall be submitted at e editorial office typed on standard typing pages (A4, 30 lines per page, 6 characters per line). The editors recommend up to 15 pages for full research paper ( including abstract references, tables, figures and oer appendices) The manuscript should be structured as follows: Title, Names of auors and affiliation address, Abstract, List of keywords, Introduction, Material and m e t h o d s, R e s u l t s, D i s c u s s i o n, Conclusion, Acknowledgements (if any), References, Tables, Figures. The title needs to be as concise and informative about e nature of research. It should be written wi small letter /bold, 14/ wiout any abbreviations. Names and affiliation of auors The names of e auors should be presented from e initials of first names followed by e family names. The complete address and name of e institution should be stated next. The affiliation of auors are designated by different signs. For e auor who is going to be corresponding by e editorial board and readers, an address and telephone number should be presented as footnote on e first page. Corresponding auor is indicated wi *. Abstract should be not more an 350 words. It should be clearly stated what new findings have been made in e course of research. Abbreviations and references to auors are inadmissible in e summary. It should be understandable wiout having read e paper and should be in one paragraph. Keywords: Up to maximum of 5 keywords should be selected not repeating e title but giving e essence of study. The introduction must answer e following questions: What is known and what is new on e studied issue? What necessitated e research problem, described in e paper? What is your hypoesis and goal? Material and meods: The objects of research, organization of experiments, chemical analyses, statistical and oer meods and conditions applied for e experiments should be described in detail. 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9 Volume, Number June 0 CONTENTS Genetics and Breeding Influence of various cryoprotectants on e sperm mobility of Muscovy semen before and after cryopreservation V. Gerzilov Adaptive possibility and yield stability of varieties of oilbearing roses N. Kovatcheva, K. Rusanov, I. Atanasov Nutrition and Physiology Shelter policies in e management of canine aggression A. Arnaudova, I. Varlyakov Production Systems Daily dynamics of e essential oils of Rosa damascena Mill. and Rosa alba L. A. Dobreva, N. Kovacheva Effectiveness of e insecticide Mido 0 SL in e fight wi e green rose aphid populations (Macrosiphum Rosae L) H. Lambev Potassium fertilization on cotton G. Panayotova, N. Valkova Agriculture and Environment Microbial communities in areas affected by formation of calcrete in e Thracian plane S. Bratkova, K. Nikolova, K. Gesheva An approach for Fusarium infected corn kernels recognition using linear discrete models P. Daskalov, V. Mancheva, Ts. Draganova, R. Tsonev Mechanismbased category formation of aldehydes for acute aquatic toxicity and mutagenicity Y. Koleva Quality and Safety Gaschromatography and organoleptic analysis of e essential oil of Agastache foeniculum (Pursh.) Kuntze G. Zhekova, A. Dzhurmanski, A. Dobreva Comparative studies on e fatty acid composition of White brined cheese, marketed in e town of Stara Zagora N. Naydenova, K. Davidova, T. Iliev, G. Mihaylova