Orange Hammock Grove. Small trees

Transcription

1 Orange Hammock Grove Swingle Carrizo Small trees

2 Subject: Maury Boyd Program Assumptions: Heavily infected HLB areas of Florida and areas reaching the Tipping Point 1 ) The bacteria prevents/impedes availability of a wide spectrum of nutrients to a citrus tree. If any deficiency occurs, even one, it will interfere with the overall tree health. Therefore, all known and unknown nutrients should be applied, with the objective of tree enhancement and recovery. Once achieving this vigor, trials can back out materials to determine those that are non-essential and the rates of application. 2) SAR/ISR We chose the SA pathway. 3) SAR/ISR Avoid conflicts such as SA vs. JA. Continue to use/test various other products to increase positive SAR/ISR response and test for negative effects. 4) Avoid elements/compounds that enhance bacteria growth. For example, trials should test foliar-applied chelated iron (widely applied within industry). 5) Avoid Chelates on foliage, use sulfates. Trials can test this. 6) Control flushes: Nitrogen, hedging, topping. 7) Ground spraying Target expanding flush, apply before hardening of leaf cuticle. 8) Use high velocity sprayer blow through trees into adjacent row. In order to control timing and coverage, spray down every other middle and return later for completion. Your target is the young flush example: hedge every other middle, not every middle. 9) Spray perimeter for psyllids, in addition to overall psyllid program sprays.

3 1 ) The bacteria prevents/impedes availability of a wide spectrum of nutrients to a citrus tree. If any deficiency occurs, even one, it will interfere with the overall tree health. Therefore, all known and unknown nutrients should be applied, with the objective of tree enhancement and recovery. Once achieving this vigor, trials can back out materials to determine those that are non-essential and the rates of application.

4 Foliar: Serenade H202 N-P-K foliar K-Phite (phosphite) SAver (SA) Magnesium Sulfate (Mg) Manganese Sulfate (Mn) Zinc Sulfate (Zn) Sodium Molybdate (Mo) spray grade Spray Oil Ground: Calcium Nitrate DAP Ammonium Nitrate SPM MOP Magnesium Iron Boron w/ Herbicide Application Copper - as a nutritional when needed

5 MCKINNON CORPORATION SPRING SPRAY SCHEDULE REARS SPRING, 2010 REARS SPEED SPRAYER SPEED SPRAYER FORMULA NO Per 500 Gallon Tank 4 pounds Serenade Max WP 1 gallon Oxidate / Dioxysolv (H2O2) 10 gallons Renew (Plant Food) with K-Phite & SAver) 10 pounds Epson Salts 10 pounds Tecmangan 5 pounds Zinc Sulfate 1.5 ounces Sodium Molybdate (dry) 7 gallons 435 Oil

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7 IRON METABOLISM IN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. Annual Review of Microbiology January 01, 2000 Ratledeg, Colin; Dover, Lynn G Key Words ferric uptake regulation (Fur) proteins, host responses, siderophores, transferrin, transport * Abstract The ability of pathogens to obtain iron from transferrins, ferritin, hemoglobin, and other iron-containing proteins of their host is central to whether they live or die. To combat invading bacteria, animals go into an iron-withholding mode and also use a protein (Nramp1) to generate reactive oxygen species in an attempt to kill the pathogens. Some invading bacteria respond by producing specific iron chelators--siderophores--that remove the iron from the host sources. Other bacteria rely on direct contact with host iron proteins, either abstracting the iron at their surface or, as with heme, taking it up into the cytoplasm. The expression of a large number of genes ([greater than]40 in some cases) is directly controlled by the prevailing intracellular concentration of Fe(II) via its complexing to a regulatory protein (the Fur protein or equivalent). In this way, the biochemistry of the bacterial cell can accommodate the challenges from the host. Agents that interfere with bacterial iron metabolism m ay prove extremely valuable for chemotherapy of diseases. INTRODUCTION It has been 6 years since this series last reviewed microbial iron metabolism [151]. Since then, there have been several major treatises devoted to iron metabolism in general [119, 319] or to microbial iron and metal metabolism in particular [60, ]. In addition, numerous reviews have appeared that emphasize the key role that iron plays in the in vivo development of infectious pathogens. The volume of publications on microbial iron metabolism over the last decade probably exceeds the total number of all previous publications in this field. The acquisition of iron is possibly the major determinant as to whether a microorganism that finds itself within an animal is able to maintain itself therein. Without this ability, it will be unable to grow and will effectively be eliminated by direct attack from the host defense mechanisms or will die of nutrient starvation. The acquisition of iron is recognized as one of the key steps in the development of any pathogen in its host. This sense of criticality has suggested that iron uptake could be a key target for the design of novel chemotherapeutic agents, and thus there is considerable research now being undertaken to understand the interrelationships between pathogen, host, and iron, as well as to see how this knowledge can be translated into new treatments for diseases.

8 The acquisition of iron is possibly the major determinant as to whether a microorganism that finds itself within an animal is able to maintain itself therein. Without this ability, it will be unable to grow and will effectively be eliminated by direct attack from the host defense mechanisms or will die of nutrient starvation. The acquisition of iron is recognized as one of the key steps in the development of any pathogen in its host. This sense of criticality has suggested that iron uptake could be a key target for the design of novel chemotherapeutic agents, and thus there is considerable research now being undertaken to understand the interrelationships between pathogen, host, and iron, as well as to see how this knowledge can be translated into new treatments for diseases.

9 SOUTHWEST FLORIDA GROVES DETAILED ANALYSIS OF 2009 SPRAY PROGRAM HLB, CANKER & OTHER Unit Cost per Material Cost per Acre Application Total cost Formula No Cost Tank HLB Canker HLB/Canker Other cost per acre per acre Per 500 gallon tank = 1.77 acres per tank 4lbs Serenade Max WP $ $ $ $ gal Oxidate/Dioxysolv $ $ $ $ gal Renew * $ 8.05 $ $ $ lbs Epson Salts $ 0.29 $ 4.35 $ 2.46 $ lbs Techmangan $ 0.91 $ $ 7.71 $ oz Sodium Molybdate $ 1.51 $ 2.27 $ 1.28 $ gal 435 Oil $ 3.22 $ $ $ tanks Application $ $ $ Total Materials & Labor $ $ $ - $ $ $ $ Unit Cost per Material Cost per Acre Application Total cost Formula No Cost Tank HLB Canker HLB/Canker Other cost per acre per acre Per 500 gallon tank = 1.77 acres per tank 1gal Sonata $ $ $ $ lbs Serenade Max WP $ $ $ $ gal Oxidate/Dioxysolv $ $ $ $ gal Renew * $ $ $ $ lbs Epson Salts $ 0.29 $ 4.35 $ 2.46 $ lbs Techmangan $ 0.91 $ $ 7.71 $ lbs Zinc Sulfate $ 0.92 $ 4.60 $ 2.60 $ oz Sodium Molybdate $ 1.51 $ 2.27 $ 1.28 $ lbs $ 0.81 $ $ 6.86 $ gal 435 Oil $ 3.15 $ $ $ tanks Application $ $ $ Total Materials & Labor $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Unit Cost per Material Cost per Acre Application Total cost Formula No Cost Tank HLB Canker HLB/Canker Other cost per acre per acre Per 500 gallon tank = 1.77 acres per tank 1gal Sonata $ $ $ $ lbs Serenade Max WP $ $ $ $ gal Oxidate/Dioxysolv $ $ $ $ gal Renew * $ $ $ $ lbs Epson Salts $ 0.25 $ 3.75 $ 2.12 $ lbs Techmangan $ 0.85 $ $ 7.20 $ lbs Zinc Sulfate $ 0.92 $ 4.60 $ 2.60 $ lbs $ 0.81 $ $ 6.86 $ gal 435 Oil $ 3.74 $ $ $ tanks Application $ $ $ Total Materials & Labor $ $ $ $ $ $ $ TOTAL COST OF THREE SPRAY APPLICATIONS $ 1, $ $ $ $ $ $

10 PRODUCTION: Hamlins Wt. Boxes 54,942 87,938 73,671 65,495 65,981 73,381 83,403 65,004 Avg Lb Slds/Bx Boxes per acre Valencias (mature) Wt. Boxes 70,660 75, ,045 68,791 69,423 86, ,933 76,911 Avg Lb Slds/Bx Boxes per acre Valencias (young) Wt. Boxes * 5,843 5,096 6,990 6,990 6,990 3,495 3,495 0 (estimated) Boxes per acre * TREE COUNTS: Net # Trees tree/space acres Planted 2/1992: Hamlin/Swingle 20, Valencia/Swingle 17, Valencia/Carrizo 10, , Planted 8/1999: Valencia/Swingle 6, less 195 trees for 08/09 * 6, Setting is 22' x 12' / 165 trees per acre