Distribution of the amino acids in Nature Frequency in proteins (%)
|
|
- Marilyn Carr
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Distribution of the amino acids in ature Amino Acid Frequency in proteins (%) Leucine Alanine Glycine erine Valine Glutamic acid Threonine Arginine Lysine Aspartic acid Isoleucine Proline Asparagine Glutamine Phenylalanine Tyrosine Methionine istidine Cysteine Tryptophan Increasing Frequency Four special amino acids 2 C 2 2 glycine proline cysteine histidine 1
2 Glycine: The mallest Amino Acid 2 First amino acid discovered in 1820 from gelatin. = hydrogen educed steric hindrance: can adopt a wider range of peptide conformations compared to other amino acids. Trans Proline Cis eavily favored C lightly favored In proline, the trans isomer is only slightly favored over the cis isomer. Thus, proline can readily adopt the cis conformation. C 2
3 Cysteine and Cystine cysteine cystine Disulfide bonds constrain protein conformation Disulfide Bonds and Perms educe Curl xidize 3
4 What is pk a? + K a = pk a = - log K a K a = p pk a = - log [ + ] = p Titration Curve of istidine Volume of Base (ml) istidine can shuffle between forms 2 slight increase in physiological p (more basic) slight decrease in physiological p (more acidic) 2 4
5 ydrolysis of a peptide bond chymotrypsin acrosin Factor X ' Uncatalyzed rate years ' Enzymes make the rate of reactions go faster. Amino acids cooperate in catalysis Asp 102 er is chymotrypsin er 195 is 57 The catalytic triad: serine, histidine, and aspartic acid work together to cleave amide bonds Asp The aspartate -bonds to the histidine side chain, perturbing its pka and making it more basic. This makes it easier for histidine to remove a proton from serine during the reaction. 5
6 Take home messages Proteins are polymers of amino acids. Amino acids are connected through peptide bonds. The nature of the peptide bond constrains the shape of the polymer. onbonded interactions between side chains also constrain the shape of the peptide backbone. There are twenty amino acids, each containing unique side chains. Amino acids can work in concert in a polypeptide chain to generate new functions. Question: ow does a straight chain polymer of amino acids fold?? Protein tructure and Folding UMPTY DUMPTY AT A WALL. UMPTY DUMPTY AD A GEAT FALL. ALL TE KIG E AD ALL TE KIG ME, CULD T PUT UMPTY TGETE AGAI. Life ciences 1a Lecture otes et 5 Fall 2006 Prof. Daniel Kahne 6
7 Lectures 7-8: The Molecular Basis of Translation: Proteins: The Workhorses of Biology a. A chemical look at proteins i. Introduction to proteins and amino acids ii. Conformational peculiarities of peptide bonds iii. tructures and properties of the twenty natural amino acids iv. A closer look at four special amino acids -- Gly, Pro, Cys, and is. v. Collaborations between amino acids in proteins b. Protein structure i. The four levels of structure ii. A closer look at secondary structure c. Protein folding: i. Anfinsen s experiment ii. Thermodynamic forces involved in protein structures. iii. Thermodynamics of protein folding iv. The Levinthal paradox (the kinetics of protein folding) v. Molecular chaperones Lecture eadings Alberts pp ; McMurry: pp , Four Levels of Protein tructure 7
8 Different Proteins Contain Different econdary tructural Elements Cytochrome b562 LD Antibody ierarchical rganization of Protein tructure Protein Molecule ingle Polypeptide Domain econdary tructure 8
9 phi 3 psi 3 nly some peptide backbone conformations are sterically allowed psi 2 phi 2 psi 1 phi 1 C α peptide plane C phi C α A amachandran plot shows the allowed combinations of the dihedral angles. econdary tructure: α-helices 2 acetamide Linus Pauling and obert B. Corey, Proc at Acad ci, 1951, 37,
10 Details about α-helices 9 Cα 8 C C 7 C 6 Cα 7 6 Cα 6 5 C 5 Cα 5 C 4 Cα 3 Cα 4 C 3 4 C 1 Cα 1 3 Cα 2 2 C 2 econdary tructure: β-sheets Cα Cα C C C 10
11 Does primary sequence determine protein conformation? Thermodynamic ypothesis: The information contained in the primary amino acid sequence leads to the correct protein fold. (or in other words... Could you put umpty Dumpty back together again?) Christian Anfinsen, obel Prize in Chemistry 1972 Test: Will a denatured protein (ibonucleasea) refold to its native conformation? Anfinsen s protein folding experiment Conclusion: The information required to fold a protein is contained within its sequence. 11
A Chemical Look at Proteins: Workhorses of the Cell
A Chemical Look at Proteins: Workhorses of the Cell A A Life ciences 1a Lecture otes et 4 pring 2006 Prof. Daniel Kahne Life requires chemistry 2 amino acid monomer and it is proteins that make the chemistry
More informationCS612 - Algorithms in Bioinformatics
Spring 2016 Protein Structure February 7, 2016 Introduction to Protein Structure A protein is a linear chain of organic molecular building blocks called amino acids. Introduction to Protein Structure Amine
More informationAmino acids. (Foundation Block) Dr. Essa Sabi
Amino acids (Foundation Block) Dr. Essa Sabi Learning outcomes What are the amino acids? General structure. Classification of amino acids. Optical properties. Amino acid configuration. Non-standard amino
More informationProperties of amino acids in proteins
Properties of amino acids in proteins one of the primary roles of DNA (but far from the only one!!!) is to code for proteins A typical bacterium builds thousands types of proteins, all from ~20 amino acids
More informationChemical Nature of the Amino Acids. Table of a-amino Acids Found in Proteins
Chemical Nature of the Amino Acids All peptides and polypeptides are polymers of alpha-amino acids. There are 20 a- amino acids that are relevant to the make-up of mammalian proteins (see below). Several
More informationMolecular Biology. general transfer: occurs normally in cells. special transfer: occurs only in the laboratory in specific conditions.
Chapter 9: Proteins Molecular Biology replication general transfer: occurs normally in cells transcription special transfer: occurs only in the laboratory in specific conditions translation unknown transfer:
More informationPractice Problems 3. a. What is the name of the bond formed between two amino acids? Are these bonds free to rotate?
Life Sciences 1a Practice Problems 3 1. Draw the oligopeptide for Ala-Phe-Gly-Thr-Asp. You do not need to indicate the stereochemistry of the sidechains. Denote with arrows the bonds formed between the
More informationObjective: You will be able to explain how the subcomponents of
Objective: You will be able to explain how the subcomponents of nucleic acids determine the properties of that polymer. Do Now: Read the first two paragraphs from enduring understanding 4.A Essential knowledge:
More informationSo where were we? But what does the order mean? OK, so what's a protein? 4/1/11
So where were we? We know that DNA is responsible for heredity Chromosomes are long pieces of DNA DNA turned out to be the transforming principle We know that DNA is shaped like a long double helix, with
More informationBiomolecules: amino acids
Biomolecules: amino acids Amino acids Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins They are also part of hormones, neurotransmitters and metabolic intermediates There are 20 different amino acids in
More informationPHAR3316 Pharmacy biochemistry Exam #2 Fall 2010 KEY
1. How many protons is(are) lost when the amino acid Asparagine is titrated from its fully protonated state to a fully deprotonated state? A. 0 B. 1 * C. 2 D. 3 E. none Correct Answer: C (this question
More informationLecture 3: 8/24. CHAPTER 3 Amino Acids
Lecture 3: 8/24 CHAPTER 3 Amino Acids 1 Chapter 3 Outline 2 Amino Acid Are Biomolecules and their Atoms Can Be Visualized by Two Different Ways 1) Fischer projections: Two dimensional representation of
More informationAmino Acids. Amino Acids. Fundamentals. While their name implies that amino acids are compounds that contain an NH. 3 and CO NH 3
Fundamentals While their name implies that amino acids are compounds that contain an 2 group and a 2 group, these groups are actually present as 3 and 2 respectively. They are classified as α, β, γ, etc..
More informationBiochemistry - I. Prof. S. Dasgupta Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture 1 Amino Acids I
Biochemistry - I Prof. S. Dasgupta Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture 1 Amino Acids I Hello, welcome to the course Biochemistry 1 conducted by me Dr. S Dasgupta,
More informationIntroduction to proteins and protein structure
Introduction to proteins and protein structure The questions and answers below constitute an introduction to the fundamental principles of protein structure. They are all available at [link]. What are
More informationChapter 3: Amino Acids and Peptides
Chapter 3: Amino Acids and Peptides BINF 6101/8101, Spring 2018 Outline 1. Overall amino acid structure 2. Amino acid stereochemistry 3. Amino acid sidechain structure & classification 4. Non-standard
More informationActivities for the α-helix / β-sheet Construction Kit
Activities for the α-helix / β-sheet Construction Kit The primary sequence of a protein, composed of amino acids, determines the organization of the sequence into the secondary structure. There are two
More informationGentilucci, Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins. Peptides and proteins are polymers of amino acids linked together by amide bonds CH 3
Amino Acids Peptides and proteins are polymers of amino acids linked together by amide bonds Aliphatic Side-Chain Amino Acids - - H CH glycine alanine 3 proline valine CH CH 3 - leucine - isoleucine CH
More informationAmino Acids. Review I: Protein Structure. Amino Acids: Structures. Amino Acids (contd.) Rajan Munshi
Review I: Protein Structure Rajan Munshi BBSI @ Pitt 2005 Department of Computational Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine May 24, 2005 Amino Acids Building blocks of proteins 20 amino acids
More informationLAB#23: Biochemical Evidence of Evolution Name: Period Date :
LAB#23: Biochemical Evidence of Name: Period Date : Laboratory Experience #23 Bridge Worth 80 Lab Minutes If two organisms have similar portions of DNA (genes), these organisms will probably make similar
More informationBiological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex properties. STOP at enduring understanding 4A
Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex properties. STOP at enduring understanding 4A Homework Watch the Bozeman video called, Biological Molecules Objective:
More informationIntroduction to Proteomics Dr. Sanjeeva Srivastava Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology - Bombay
Introduction to Proteomics Dr. Sanjeeva Srivastava Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology - Bombay Lecture 01 Introduction to Amino Acids Welcome to the proteomic course.
More information1. Describe the relationship of dietary protein and the health of major body systems.
Food Explorations Lab I: The Building Blocks STUDENT LAB INVESTIGATIONS Name: Lab Overview In this investigation, you will be constructing animal and plant proteins using beads to represent the amino acids.
More informationAmino acids. You are required to know and identify the 20 amino acids : their names, 3 letter abbreviations and their structures.
Amino acids You are required to know and identify the 20 amino acids : their names, 3 letter abbreviations and their structures. If you wanna make any classification in the world, you have to find what
More informationCHAPTER 29 HW: AMINO ACIDS + PROTEINS
CAPTER 29 W: AMI ACIDS + PRTEIS For all problems, consult the table of 20 Amino Acids provided in lecture if an amino acid structure is needed; these will be given on exams. Use natural amino acids (L)
More informationAP Bio. Protiens Chapter 5 1
Concept.4: Proteins have many structures, resulting in a wide range of functions Proteins account for more than 0% of the dry mass of most cells Protein functions include structural support, storage, transport,
More informationPROTEINS. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Acid L-form * * Lecture 6 Macromolecules #2 O = N -C -C-O.
Proteins: Linear polymers of amino acids workhorses of the cell tools, machines & scaffolds Lecture 6 Macromolecules #2 PRTEINS 1 Enzymes catalysts that mediate reactions, increase reaction rate Structural
More information(30 pts.) 16. (24 pts.) 17. (20 pts.) 18. (16 pts.) 19. (5 pts.) 20. (5 pts.) TOTAL (100 points)
Moorpark College Chemistry 11 Spring 2009 Instructor: Professor Torres Examination # 5: Section Five April 30, 2009 ame: (print) ame: (sign) Directions: Make sure your examination contains TWELVE total
More informationCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Concept 5.4: Proteins have many structures, resulting in a wide range of functions Proteins account for more than 50% of the dry mass of most cells Protein functions include structural support, storage,
More informationTHE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA. DATE: Oct. 22, 2002 Midterm EXAMINATION. PAPER NO.: PAGE NO.: 1of 6 DEPARTMENT & COURSE NO.: 2.277/60.
PAPER NO.: PAGE NO.: 1of 6 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS You must mark the answer sheet with pencil (not pen). Put your name and enter your student number on the answer sheet. The examination consists of multiple
More informationMethionine (Met or M)
Fig. 5-17 Nonpolar Fig. 5-17a Nonpolar Glycine (Gly or G) Alanine (Ala or A) Valine (Val or V) Leucine (Leu or L) Isoleucine (Ile or I) Methionine (Met or M) Phenylalanine (Phe or F) Polar Trypotphan (Trp
More informationMoorpark College Chemistry 11 Fall Instructor: Professor Gopal. Examination # 5: Section Five May 7, Name: (print)
Moorpark College Chemistry 11 Fall 2013 Instructor: Professor Gopal Examination # 5: Section Five May 7, 2013 Name: (print) Directions: Make sure your examination contains TEN total pages (including this
More informationPage 8/6: The cell. Where to start: Proteins (control a cell) (start/end products)
Page 8/6: The cell Where to start: Proteins (control a cell) (start/end products) Page 11/10: Structural hierarchy Proteins Phenotype of organism 3 Dimensional structure Function by interaction THE PROTEIN
More informationMultiple-Choice Questions Answer ALL 20 multiple-choice questions on the Scantron Card in PENCIL
Multiple-Choice Questions Answer ALL 20 multiple-choice questions on the Scantron Card in PENCIL For Questions 1-10 choose ONE INCORRECT answer. 1. Which ONE of the following statements concerning the
More informationProteins consist in whole or large part of amino acids. Simple proteins consist only of amino acids.
Today we begin our discussion of the structure and properties of proteins. Proteins consist in whole or large part of amino acids. Simple proteins consist only of amino acids. Conjugated proteins contain
More informationAmino Acids. Lecture 4: Margaret A. Daugherty. Fall Swiss-prot database: How many proteins? From where?
Lecture 4: Amino Acids Margaret A. Daugherty Fall 2004 Swiss-prot database: How many proteins? From where? 1986 Use http://us.expasy.org to get to swiss-prot database Proteins are the workhorses of the
More informationThe Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Part 4: Proteins Chapter 5
Key Concepts: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Part 4: Proteins Chapter 5 Proteins include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions Proteins Enzymatic s
More information9/6/2011. Amino Acids. C α. Nonpolar, aliphatic R groups
Amino Acids Side chains (R groups) vary in: size shape charge hydrogen-bonding capacity hydrophobic character chemical reactivity C α Nonpolar, aliphatic R groups Glycine (Gly, G) Alanine (Ala, A) Valine
More informationQ1: Circle the best correct answer: (15 marks)
Q1: Circle the best correct answer: (15 marks) 1. Which one of the following incorrectly pairs an amino acid with a valid chemical characteristic a. Glycine, is chiral b. Tyrosine and tryptophan; at neutral
More informationPROTEINS. Building blocks, structure and function. Aim: You will have a clear picture of protein construction and their general properties
PROTEINS Building blocks, structure and function Aim: You will have a clear picture of protein construction and their general properties Reading materials: Compendium in Biochemistry, page 13-49. Microbiology,
More informationMidterm 1 Last, First
Midterm 1 BIS 105 Prof. T. Murphy April 23, 2014 There should be 6 pages in this exam. Exam instructions (1) Please write your name on the top of every page of the exam (2) Show all work for full credit
More informationBiochemistry Prof. S. Dasgupta Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. Lecture -02 Amino Acids II
Biochemistry Prof. S. Dasgupta Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Lecture -02 Amino Acids II Ok, we start off with the discussion on amino acids. (Refer Slide Time: 00:48)
More informationProteins are sometimes only produced in one cell type or cell compartment (brain has 15,000 expressed proteins, gut has 2,000).
Lecture 2: Principles of Protein Structure: Amino Acids Why study proteins? Proteins underpin every aspect of biological activity and therefore are targets for drug design and medicinal therapy, and in
More informationReactions and amino acids structure & properties
Lecture 2: Reactions and amino acids structure & properties Dr. Sameh Sarray Hlaoui Common Functional Groups Common Biochemical Reactions AH + B A + BH Oxidation-Reduction A-H + B-OH + energy ª A-B + H
More informationDifferent levels of protein structure
Dr. Sanjeeva Srivastava Proteins and its function Amino acids: building blocks Different levels of protein structure Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary 2 Proteomics ourse PTEL 1 Derived from Greek
More informationIntroduction to Peptide Sequencing
Introduction to Peptide equencing Quadrupole Ion Traps tructural Biophysics Course December 3, 2014 12/8/14 Introduction to Peptide equencing - athan Yates 1 Why are ion traps used to sequence peptides?
More informationProtein Folding LARP
Protein Folding LARP Version: 1.0 Release: April 2018 Amplyus 2018 minipcr TM Protein Folding LARP (Live Action Role Play) Summary Materials In this activity, students will role play to make a folded protein
More informationChemistry 121 Winter 17
Chemistry 121 Winter 17 Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Instructor Dr. Upali Siriwardane (Ph.D. Ohio State) E-mail: upali@latech.edu Office: 311 Carson Taylor Hall ; Phone: 318-257-4941;
More informationSection 1 Proteins and Proteomics
Section 1 Proteins and Proteomics Learning Objectives At the end of this assignment, you should be able to: 1. Draw the chemical structure of an amino acid and small peptide. 2. Describe the difference
More information1-To know what is protein 2-To identify Types of protein 3- To Know amino acids 4- To be differentiate between essential and nonessential amino acids
Amino acids 1-To know what is protein 2-To identify Types of protein 3- To Know amino acids 4- To be differentiate between essential and nonessential amino acids 5-To understand amino acids synthesis Amino
More informationThe Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules Macromolecules are polymers Polymer long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks. Monomer the small building block molecules. Carbohydrates, proteins
More informationCHAPTER 21: Amino Acids, Proteins, & Enzymes. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith
CHAPTER 21: Amino Acids, Proteins, & Enzymes General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith CHAPTER 21: Amino Acids, Proteins, Enzymes Learning Objectives: q The 20 common, naturally occurring
More informationAmino acids. Dr. Mamoun Ahram Summer semester,
Amino acids Dr. Mamoun Ahram Summer semester, 2017-2018 Resources This lecture Campbell and Farrell s Biochemistry, Chapters 3 (pp.66-76) General structure (Chiral carbon) The amino acids that occur in
More informationReview II: The Molecules of Life
Review II: The Molecules of Life Judy Wieber BBSI @ Pitt 2007 Department of Computational Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine May 24, 2007 Outline Introduction Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids
More informationFundamentals of Organic Chemistry CHEM 109 For Students of Health Colleges
Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry CHEM 109 For Students of Health Colleges Credit hrs.: (2+1) King Saud University College of Science, Chemistry Department CHEM 109 CHAPTER 9. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND
More informationThis exam consists of two parts. Part I is multiple choice. Each of these 25 questions is worth 2 points.
MBB 407/511 Molecular Biology and Biochemistry First Examination - October 1, 2002 Name Social Security Number This exam consists of two parts. Part I is multiple choice. Each of these 25 questions is
More informationMacromolecules Structure and Function
Macromolecules Structure and Function Within cells, small organic molecules (monomers) are joined together to form larger molecules (polymers). Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands
More information(65 pts.) 27. (10 pts.) 28. (15 pts.) 29. (10 pts.) TOTAL (100 points) Moorpark College Chemistry 11 Spring Instructor: Professor Gopal
Moorpark College Chemistry 11 Spring 2012 Instructor: Professor Gopal Examination # 5: Section Five May 1, 2012 Name: (print) GOOD LUCK! Directions: Make sure your examination contains TWELVE total pages
More informationShort polymer. Dehydration removes a water molecule, forming a new bond. Longer polymer (a) Dehydration reaction in the synthesis of a polymer
HO 1 2 3 H HO H Short polymer Dehydration removes a water molecule, forming a new bond Unlinked monomer H 2 O HO 1 2 3 4 H Longer polymer (a) Dehydration reaction in the synthesis of a polymer HO 1 2 3
More informationEnzyme Catalytic Mechanisms. Dr. Kevin Ahern
Enzyme Catalytic Mechanisms Dr. Kevin Ahern Cleave Peptide Bonds Specificity of Cutting Common Active Site Composition/Structure Mechanistically Well Studied Chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin Catalysis H2O Chymotrypsin
More information1. (38 pts.) 2. (25 pts.) 3. (15 pts.) 4. (12 pts.) 5. (10 pts.) Bonus (12 pts.) TOTAL (100 points)
Moorpark College Chemistry 11 Spring 2010 Instructor: Professor Torres Examination #5: Section Five May 4, 2010 ame: (print) ame: (sign) Directions: Make sure your examination contains TWELVE total pages
More informationIntroduction to Protein Structure Collection
Introduction to Protein Structure Collection Teaching Points This collection is designed to introduce students to the concepts of protein structure and biochemistry. Different activities guide students
More informationFor questions 1-4, match the carbohydrate with its size/functional group name:
Chemistry 11 Fall 2013 Examination #5 PRACTICE 1 For the first portion of this exam, select the best answer choice for the questions below and mark the answers on your scantron. Then answer the free response
More informationMacromolecules of Life -3 Amino Acids & Proteins
Macromolecules of Life -3 Amino Acids & Proteins Shu-Ping Lin, Ph.D. Institute of Biomedical Engineering E-mail: splin@dragon.nchu.edu.tw Website: http://web.nchu.edu.tw/pweb/users/splin/ Amino Acids Proteins
More informationAMINO ACIDS STRUCTURE, CLASSIFICATION, PROPERTIES. PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS
AMINO ACIDS STRUCTURE, CLASSIFICATION, PROPERTIES. PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS Elena Rivneac PhD, Associate Professor Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry State University of Medicine
More informationProtein Structure Klemens Wild, BZH,
Protein Structure recommended books Proteins protein definition From gr. proteios (superior, erstrangig) 1836 JJ Berzelius Functions: structural, enzymes, muscle, transport immune system, Linear polymer
More information1.4. Lipids - Advanced
1.4. Lipids - Advanced www.ck12.org In humans, triglycerides are a mechanism for storing unused calories, and their high concentration in blood correlates with the consumption of excess starches and other
More informationJudy Wieber. Department of Computational Biology. May 27, 2008
Review II: The Molecules of Life Judy Wieber BBSI @ Pitt 2008 Department of Computational Biology University it of Pittsburgh School of Medicine i May 27, 2008 Outline Introduction Proteins Carbohydrates
More informationTala Saleh. Tamer Barakat. Diala Abu-Hassan
13 Tala Saleh Tamer Barakat Diala Abu-Hassan Biochemical application of monosodium glutamate MSG MSG is a glutamic acid derivative, used as a flavor enhancer in Asian food. Chinese restaurant syndrome
More informationDate: EXERCISE 4. Figure 1. Amino acid structure.
Student s name: Date: Points: Assistant s signature: Index numer: /6 EXERISE 4 AMIN AIDS AND PRTEINS. Amino acids are structural units (monomers) of proteins. There are 20 different amino acids coded for
More informationFor questions 1-4, match the carbohydrate with its size/functional group name:
Chemistry 11 Fall 2013 Examination #5 PRACTICE 1 ANSWERS For the first portion of this exam, select the best answer choice for the questions below and mark the answers on your scantron. Then answer the
More informationFatty acids and phospholipids
PYS 4xx Intro 2 1 PYS 4xx Intro 2 - Molecular building blocks We now describe in more detail the nomenclature and composition of several classes of compounds of relevance to the cell, including: membrane
More informationAMINO ACIDS NON-ESSENTIAL ESSENTIAL
Edith Frederika Introduction A major component of food is PROTEIN The protein ingested as part of our diet are not the same protein required by the body Only 40 to 50 gr of protein is required by a normal
More informationO H 2 N. α H. Chapter 4 - Amino Acids
hapter 4 - Amino Acids Introduction Several amino acids were produced in the electrical discharge in the reducing, primordial atmosphere that gave rise to the first biomolecules (see chapter 1). The importance
More informationIonization of amino acids
Amino Acids 20 common amino acids there are others found naturally but much less frequently Common structure for amino acid COOH, -NH 2, H and R functional groups all attached to the a carbon Ionization
More informationLecture 4. Grouping Amino Acid 7/1/10. Proteins. Amino Acids. Where Are Proteins Located. Nonpolar Amino Acids
Proteins Lecture 4 Proteins - Composition of Proteins (Amino Acids) Chapter 21 ection 1-6! Proteins are compounds of high molar mass consisting almost entirely of amino acid chain(s)! Molar masses range
More informationAmino acids. Dr. Mamoun Ahram and Dr. Diala Abu-Hassan Summer semester,
Amino acids Dr. Mamoun Ahram and Dr. Diala Abu-Hassan Summer semester, 2017-2018 dr.abuhassand@gmail.com Resources This lecture Campbell and Farrell s Biochemistry, Chapters 3 (pp.66-76) General structure
More informationMoorpark College Chemistry 11 Fall Instructor: Professor Gopal. Examination #5: Section Five December 7, Name: (print) Section:
Moorpark College Chemistry 11 Fall 2011 Instructor: Professor Gopal Examination #5: Section Five December 7, 2011 Name: (print) Section: alkene < alkyne < amine < alcohol < ketone < aldehyde < amide
More informationLipids: diverse group of hydrophobic molecules
Lipids: diverse group of hydrophobic molecules Lipids only macromolecules that do not form polymers li3le or no affinity for water hydrophobic consist mostly of hydrocarbons nonpolar covalent bonds fats
More information3. AMINO ACID AND PEPTIDES
3. AMINO ACID AND PEPTIDES 3.1 Amino Acids and Peptides General structure - Only 20 amino-acids are found in proteins - Amino group and carboxyl group - α-carbon and side chain group 3.1 Amino Acids and
More informationStructure of proteins
Structure of proteins Presented by Dr. Mohammad Saadeh The requirements for the Pharmaceutical Biochemistry I Philadelphia University Faculty of pharmacy Structure of proteins The 20 a.a commonly found
More informationIntroduction. Basic Structural Principles PDB
BCHS 6229 Protein Structure and Function Lecture 1 (October 11, 2011) Introduction Basic Structural Principles PDB 1 Overview Main Goals: Carry out a rapid review of the essentials of protein structure
More informationBielkoviny, enzýmy. Július Cirák. Protein Structure Timothy G. Standish
Bielkoviny, enzýmy Július irák Alanine Acid Different Amino Acid lasses 2 on-polar Aspartic acid 2 Amine Generic 2? R Acid Basic Polar istidine 2 S 2 + ysteine Levels f Protein rganization Primary Structure
More informationChem Lecture 2 Protein Structure
Chem 452 - Lecture 2 Protein Structure 110923 Proteins are the workhorses of a living cell and involve themselves in nearly all of the activities that take place in a cell. Their wide range of structures
More information2. Which of the following amino acids is most likely to be found on the outer surface of a properly folded protein?
Name: WHITE Student Number: Answer the following questions on the computer scoring sheet. 1 mark each 1. Which of the following amino acids would have the highest relative mobility R f in normal thin layer
More informationBiomolecular Mass Spectrometry
Lipids ot different than other organic small molecules Carbohydrates Polymers of monosaccharides linked via glycosidic bonds (acetals/ ketals) many different combinationsvery interesting no time ucleic
More informationPROTEIN. By: Shamsul Azahari Zainal Badari Department of Resource Management and Consumer Studies Faculty of Human Ecology UPM
PROTEIN By: Shamsul Azahari Zainal Badari Department of Resource Management and Consumer Studies Faculty of Human Ecology UPM OBJECTIVES OF THE LECTURE By the end of this lecture, student can: Define
More informationHuman Biochemistry Option B
Human Biochemistry Option B A look ahead... Your body has many functions to perform every day: Structural support, genetic information, communication, energy supply, metabolism Right now, thousands of
More informationMetabolic Classification of the Amino Acids
Metabolic Classification of the Amino Acids *Essential and Non-essential * Glucogenic and Ketogenic 1 Essential Amino Acids Of the 20 amino acids that make up proteins 10 of them can be synthesized by
More informationLecture 11 AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEINS
Lecture 11 AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEINS The word "Protein" was coined by J.J. Berzelius in 1838 and was derived from the Greek word "Proteios" meaning the first rank. Proteins are macromolecular polymers composed
More informationBiomolecules Amino Acids & Protein Chemistry
Biochemistry Department Date: 17/9/ 2017 Biomolecules Amino Acids & Protein Chemistry Prof.Dr./ FAYDA Elazazy Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Intended Learning Outcomes ILOs By the end
More informationa) The statement is true for X = 400, but false for X = 300; b) The statement is true for X = 300, but false for X = 200;
1. Consider the following statement. To produce one molecule of each possible kind of polypeptide chain, X amino acids in length, would require more atoms than exist in the universe. Given the size of
More informationاستاذ الكيمياءالحيوية
قسم الكيمياء الحيوية د.دولت على سالمه استاذ الكيمياءالحيوية ٢٠١٥-٢٠١٤ الرمز الكودي : ٥١٢ المحاضرة األولى ١ Content : Definition of proteins Definition of amino acids Definition of peptide bond General
More informationCOO - l. H 3 N C a H l R 1
COO - l + H 3 N C a H l R 1 Amino acids There are 20 standard amino acids. All proteins are built from the same amino acids. The most important criteria for classification is affinity to water: hydrophilic
More informationProtein Investigator. Protein Investigator - 3
Protein Investigator Objectives To learn more about the interactions that govern protein structure. To test hypotheses regarding protein structure and function. To design proteins with specific shapes.
More informationAmino acids-incorporated nanoflowers with an
Amino acids-incorporated nanoflowers with an intrinsic peroxidase-like activity Zhuo-Fu Wu 1,2,+, Zhi Wang 1,+, Ye Zhang 3, Ya-Li Ma 3, Cheng-Yan He 4, Heng Li 1, Lei Chen 1, Qi-Sheng Huo 3, Lei Wang 1,*
More informationRaghad Abu Jebbeh. Amani Nofal. Mamoon Ahram
... 14 Raghad Abu Jebbeh Amani Nofal Mamoon Ahram This sheet includes part of lec.13 + lec.14. Amino acid peptide protein Terminology: 1- Residue: a subunit that is a part of a large molecule. 2- Dipeptide:
More informationIf you like us, please share us on social media. The latest UCD Hyperlibrary newsletter is now complete, check it out.
Sign In Forgot Password Register username username password password Sign In If you like us, please share us on social media. The latest UCD Hyperlibrary newsletter is now complete, check it out. ChemWiki
More informationTowards a New Paradigm in Scientific Notation Patterns of Periodicity among Proteinogenic Amino Acids [Abridged Version]
Earth/matriX: SCIENCE TODAY Towards a New Paradigm in Scientific Notation Patterns of Periodicity among Proteinogenic Amino Acids [Abridged Version] By Charles William Johnson Earth/matriX Editions P.O.
More information