Improving Health and Performance of Beef Stocker Cattle

Transcription

1 Improving Health and Performance of Beef Stocker Cattle Experience Exchange Forum Participant Materials Sponsored by: Multimin USA Note: If disconnected, call MULTIMIN 90 is a registered trademark of Multimin USA Beck Ag, Inc.

2 Moderator Lisa Koester o Lisa is a Purdue University Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Communications graduate. Her family operates a 200 cow robotic dairy operation. o Lisa has several years of crop protection sales experience and was named a 2013 Purdue University Distinguished Agriculture Alumna for her accomplishments. o She and her husband have three children and are heavily involved in national, state, and local ag leadership organizations. 2

3 Panel Members May Include Roberto Palomares, DVM, MS PhD, DACT Assistant Professor, Bovine Production Medicine and Theriogenology Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia John T. Richeson, PhD Assistant Professor of Animal Science Feedlot Research Group, Department of Agricultural Sciences West Texas A&M University Larry C Hollis, DVM, M Ag Technical Services Advisor Multimin USA 3

4 To Join the Discussion Go to Joinwebinar.com Type in the 9 digit ID and your address The discussion will last approximately 60 minutes. Actively participate by asking questions, offering your ideas, thoughts and comments. For webinar participants: Type in a question online and the moderator will present your question to the panelists. State your name ahead of your remarks. Have your participant resources in front of you to refer to and take notes. Please do not use speaker phones unless absolutely necessary to ensure the best sound quality for all participants. 4

5 Trace Minerals Play Key Roles in Innate Immune System and Immune Modulation Steps to Deal with Pathogen Trace Mineral Function Neutrophil Neutrophil movement to site of infection Selenium status determines how many neutrophils move to the site of the infection 1 Phagocytosis of Pathogen Copper status impacts the amount of pathogen phagocytosed 2 Phagocytosis Oxidative Burst Oxidative Burst to Destroy Pathogen Copper and Zinc are part of Cu-Zn- Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzyme, which converts superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide 2 The enzyme is critical in controlling the oxidative burst and preventing white blood cell destruction Selenium is part of Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) enzyme, which converts hydrogen peroxide to water 3 1 J.F. Maddox, et al: Increased Neutrophil adherence and adhesion molecule mrna expression in endothelial cells during selenium deficiency Leukocyte Biology. Vol Z. Xin, et al: Effects of copper status on neutrophil function, superoxide dismutase and copper distribution in steers. J. Dairy Sci. vol A.M.M. Shank, Effects of Stress on Several Immune and Health Responses of Weanling Calves. Thesis: Masters of Science in Veterinary Medicine Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ. 5

6 Issues Confronting Trace Mineral Levels There are multiple challenges to achieving and maintaining adequate trace mineral levels, especially in calves Inadequate soil and pasture mineral levels Antagonists in feed, water and forage can tie up trace minerals and cause absorption problems Trace mineral requirements of the cow vary over the year Variability in free choice mineral intake Producers who do not feed a trace mineral Stress increases trace mineral demands in calves weaning, transportation, commingling, new environment, feedstuffs and forages Source: Multimin USA 6

7 Forage Trace Mineral Variation at a Glance Source: Multinn USAForage analysis from cow/calf herds in 18 states Beef CHAPA. Cow/calf health & productivity Audit March 1996 had similar results. Source: Multimin USA 7

8 Intake Levels Vary After Arrival Source: Hutcheson, Texas Beef Conference,

9 Normal Calf Physiological Depletion Rates Liver Zinc Depletion Reciprocal%Antibody%Titer LOG 2 of%reciprocal%antibody%titer BVD%Titer IBR%Titer Liver Selenium Depletion Days%of%Age Fig. 1. The decay of colostral antibodies to BVD and IBR virus in unvaccinated calves. Liver Copper Depletion Effect of Maternal Antibody Upon Vaccination With Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis and Bovine Virus Diarrhea Vaccines A. M. Menanteau-Horta, T. R. Ames, D. W. Johnson, and J. C. Meiske Sources: 1. J.C. Branum, Impact of prenatal dietary copper level on copper status and immunity of newborn and growing calves. Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University, May J.D. Arthington, P. Moriel, P.G.M.A. Martins, G.C. Lamb, L.J. Havenga, Effects of trace mineral injections on measures of performance and trace mineral status of pre- and postweaned beef calves. J. Anim. Sci : , /jas

10 Effect of Declining Trace Mineral Status on Animal Performance Maximum Optimum Growth, Fertility and Health Trace mineral status Immunity and Enzyme Function Adequate Growth/Fertility Suboptimum Growth/Fertility Clinical Deficiency Signs Adequate Subclinical Clinical Ṣource: Dr. Mike Hutjens, University of Illinois 10

11 Why an Injectable?! Minerals are absorbed into and transported via the bloodstream, so any antagonists such as sulfur, iron or calcium are bypassed.! Stocker operators have confidence that every animal receives adequate trace mineral supplement! Supplements can be given at arrival processing, so the trace minerals can go to work immediately! Even with the best forage and oral mineral supplements, stocker operators can t guarantee intake and absorption to adequately meet arrival needs of cattle. Source: Multimin USA 11

12 MULTIMIN 90 Veterinary Prescription Required MULTIMIN 90 provides Zinc, Manganese, Copper and Selenium in a readily available form as an injectable. Zinc 60 mg/ml Manganese Selenium 10 mg/ml 5 mg/ml 90 Copper 15 mg/ml MULTIMIN 90 supports an existing welldesigned oral feed program to help optimize immunity and reproduction in beef production. Source: Multimin USA 12

13 Mineral Levels Increase Within Hours After injection, minerals are absorbed into and transported by the bloodstream Mineral levels typically peak within 8 to 10 hours post-injection, lasting for about 24 hours Selenium is the exception, remaining longer Source: Pogge D. J., Richter E. L., Drwenoski M. E., and Hansen S. L., Mineral concentrations of plasma and liver after injection with a trace mineral complex differ among Angus and Simmental cattle. J. Anim Sci :

14 Stored Minerals Deliver Long Term Benefits At 24 hours post injection, significant storage of Copper and Selenium is seen in the liver. (Liver is not the primary storage organ for zinc and manganese.) Stored minerals are available for up to 30 to 60 days. NOTE: All animals in studies were in the NORMAL ranges for all 4 minerals Source: Pogge D. J., Richter E. L., Drwenoski M. E., and Hansen S. L., Mineral concentrations of plasma and liver after injection with a trace mineral complex differ among Angus and Simmental cattle. J. Anim Sci :

15 Impact of Vaccination on Trace Mineral Status Vaccines impact the trace mineral status of recently vaccinated animals This is due to different trace minerals playing an active role in different pathways of the acquired immune response. This may be critical for optimal vaccine response and disease prevention in cattle. Study data indicated that MULTIMIN treatment at the same time as vaccination maintains/improves the animal s trace mineral status. This may be critical in driving the immune response for better health. Source: J.D. Arthington, L.J. Havenga, Effect of injectable trace minerals on the humoral immune response to multivalent vaccine administration in beef calves. J. Anim. Sci. 2012, 90:

16 Faster and Higher Immune Response to Vaccines Cattle respond to vaccines earlier and at higher levels when MULTIMIN 90 is administered at vaccination New Intra-Nasal Data Source: R.A. Palomares, F. Moliere, L.J. Havenga, A.R. Woolums, N.A. Norton, B. Credille, S.J. Clifton, A.B. Sigmund, C.E. Barber, M.L. Berger, M.J. Clack, M.A. Fratto, D.J. Hurley: Effect of injectable trace minerals (zinc, manganese, selenium, and copper) on the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to vaccine antigens following administration of a modified-live viral vaccine in dairy calves. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology. Vol 178,issue 1, 1 October

17 MULTIMIN 90 Fuels the Immune System With MULTIMIN 90, more of the population responds to the vaccine Injectable Trace Mineral resulted in increased humoral and CMI responses to MLV vaccination Injectable Trace Mineral induced faster & stronger immune response to BVDV*, BRSV, & P. multocida These results may influence management decisions for beef and dairy farms Source: R.A. Palomares, F. Moliere, L.J. Havenga, A.R. Woolums, N.A. Norton, B. Credille, S.J. Clifton, A.B. Sigmund, C.E. Barber, M.L. Berger, M.J. Clack, M.A. Fratto, D.J. Hurley: Effect of injectable trace minerals (zinc, manganese, selenium, and copper) on the humoral and cell-mediated immune response to vaccine antigens following administration of a modified-live viral vaccine in dairy calves. ABBP Proceedings - Vol 48, Page 332. * Modified Live Antigen 17

18 MULTIMIN 90 and Vaccines BVDV Challenge Studies Beef Calves Beef calves were vaccinated once with Modified Live Virus vaccine: After weaning and shipping Half of calves received MULTIMIN 90 at same time as vaccination Each calf challenged with BVDV-2, 5 days after vaccination Clinical scores lower for MULTIMIN 90 treated group compared to Control group MULTIMIN 90 treated calves had less BVDV-induced thrombocytopenia compared to vaccine/saline combination and control Tendency of mitigating the reduction of CD4 and CD8% T Lymphocytes and the increase of WC1 by Multimin 90 +Vaccination Source: Bittar, J.H.J., Jaramillo D.J., Hurley D.J., Woolums A.R., Stoskute, A., Hamrick B., Lauber K., Norton N., Adkins M, Saliki J.T.,Palomares R.A. Effects of trace minerals on efficacy at time of vaccination on proportion of circulating T-lymphocytes in newly received beef calves challenged with BVDV. Presented at seventh BVDV Symposium Dec 6-7, 2016, Chicago, IL. 18

19 Reducing Illness and Costs for Low Stress Cattle Research at West Texas A&M University showed benefits with MULTIMIN 90 compared to control Item Control MULTIMIN 90 SEM P4value Treated once,+% Days+to+first+treatment Rectal temperature+at+ first+treatment, F Treated twice,+% Antimicrobial+treatment+ cost,+$/head head 600 lb. mixed steers and bulls Freshly weaned Source: Richeson, et al, West Texas A&M University 19

20 Boosting Performance of High Risk Cattle Bull Calves Bull calves treated with MULTIMIN showed increased average daily gain and reduction in health treatments. Control MULTIMIN % morbidity 71 a 63 b % cattle treated 2 times % cattle treated 3 times ADG, lb a 2.09 b Feed: Gain 4.35 a 3.84 b Control MULTIMIN Benefit of MULTIMIN Cost of 1st Treatment $ $ Cost of 2nd Treatment $ $ Cost of 3rd Treatment $ $ 4.90 Total Treatment Cost $ $ $ Total Value of Gain $11, $ 12, $ Total Feed Cost $11, $ 10, $ Cost of MULTIMIN $ head 344 lb. bull calves Sale barn origin 42 day study Oklahoma State University Total Dollar Gain less cost of MULTIMIN $ 1, Total ROI $ 6.55 a Standard error of the least squares means a,b least squares means within same row, with different superscript, differ (P 0.10) Sources: Berry, et al, Oklahoma State University 20

21 Boosting Performance of High Risk Cattle Heifer Calves Heifer calves treated with MULTIMIN showed increased average daily gain, reduction in health treatments Control MULTIMIN % morbidity 87 a 55 b % cattle treated 2 times % cattle treated 3 times 51.6 a 19.4 b 32.3 a 9.7 b ADG, lb a 2.38 b Feed: Gain 5.88 a 5.26 b Control MULTIMIN Benefit of MULTIMIN Cost of 1st Treatment $ 1, $ 1, Cost of 2nd Treatment $ $ Cost of 3rd Treatment $ $ Total Treatment Cost $ 2, $ 1, $ 1, Total Value of Gain $ 15, $ 18, $ 2, Total Feed Cost $ 20, $ 22, $ (1,335.49) Cost of MULTIMIN $ head 438 lb. heifer calves Sale barn origin 55 day study University of Arkansas Total Dollar Gain less cost of MULTIMIN $ 2, Total ROI $ a Standard error of the least squares means a,b least squares means within same row, with different superscript, differ (P 0.05) Sources: Richeson & Kegley, University of Arkansas 21

22 Calculating the Value of MULTIMIN 90 Enhanced immune protection o o Fewer clinical signs means healthier cattle and higher average daily gain More pounds to sell Better response to vaccination o o o o Less chance of illness Reduced need for treatment and pulling cattle from pasture or lots Reduced antibiotic use Lowered treatment costs (less medicine, time, labor) Source: Multimin USA 22

23 Instructions for Use in Beef Cattle MULTIMIN 90 is labeled for subcutaneous administration. For subcutaneous injections: Use the middle of the side of the neck Use a well tented technique Use gauge needles, ½ to ¾ inch long Always read the label first. Calculate the proper dose based on label directions. Use clean needles and do not inject cattle with muddy/dirty skin. Space injections at least 4 inches apart (hand width). Do not inject one product above another. The different products may run together beneath the skin and may cause injection site reactions Use no more than 7 ml of product per injection site Additional resources and videos are available at Source: Multimin USA 23

24 ALWAYS FOLLOW the MULTIMIN 90 Label Source: Multimin USA 24

25 For More Information Multimin USA 2809 East Harmony Road #190 Fort Collins, CO (Phone) (Fax) 25