Name. The following exam contains 44 questions, valued at 2.6 points/question. 2. Which of the following is not a principal use of proteins?
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1 Chemistry 131 Exam 3 Practice Proteins, Enzymes, and Carbohydrates Spring 2018 Name The following exam contains 44 questions, valued at 2.6 points/question 1. Which of the following is a protein? a. Amylase b. Cellulase c. Phosphofructokinase d. All of the above e. None of the above 2. Which of the following is not a principal use of proteins? a. Structure b. Movement c. Nutrient storage d. Regulation of gene expression e. N/A; all of the above are principle uses of proteins 3. In terms of variety in the fully developed organism, which of the following protein classes has the most members? a. Motor proteins b. Nucleic acid binding proteins c. Signal transduction proteins d. Enzymes e. All have approximately the same number of members 4. Which of the following is not a major classification of proteins/peptides? a. ormone b. Transport c. Contractile d. Immunoglobulin e. N/A; all are major classifications of proteins
2 5. What is the abbreviation for the pentapeptide tryptophan-tyrosinethreonine-glutamine-glutamic acid? a. Try-Tyr-Thr-Glm-Glu b. Trp-Tyr-Thr-Gln-Glu c. Trp-Tyr-Thr-Glm-Glu d. Try-Tyr-Thr-Gln-Glt e. Trp-Trs-Thn-Glm-Glt 6. At near neutral, physiologic p, which of the following amino acids has a net positive charge? a. Asparagine b. Glutamine c. Lysine d. Proline e. (a) & (b) 7. At near neutral, physiologic p, which of the following amino acids has a net negative charge? a. Aspartic acid b. Asparagine c. Alanine d. (a) & (b) 8. Which of the following amino acid side chains is polar neutral? a. Cysteine b. Glutamine c. Threonine d. Tyrosine 9. Which of the following amino acids contains a benzene ring, either alone or part of a greater aromatic structure? a. Phenylalanine b. Tyrosine c. Tryptophan d. (a) & (b)
3 10. Which amino acid cannot be assigned a D or L designation? a. Leucine b. Isoleucine c. Proline d. Phenylalanine e. Glycine 11. Please draw 2 different amino acids of your choosing, name them, and show them reacting to form a dipeptide. Bonus (2.5 EC): Post-translational modifications aside, why is the amino terminus the first amino acid in a protein? 12. Which of the following is a major protein secondary structure? a. -helix b. -helix c. -helix d. -helix e. (a) & (b) 13. Which of the following intramolecular forces is the principal determinant of the secondary structure of proteins? a. ydrophobic interactions b. ydrogen bonding c. Disulfide linkages d. Salt bridges e. Caging by water
4 14. Which of the following intramolecular forces does not determine the tertiary structure of proteins? a. ydrophobic interactions b. ydrogen bonding c. Disulfide linkages d. Caging by water e. N/A; All of the above forces determine the tertiary structure 15. Which of the following amino acids greatly stabilizes tough proteins like those found in hooves, claws, and horn by forming covalent bonds? a. Methionine b. Cysteine c. Glutamic acid d. Aspartic acid e. Arginine 16. What is the main mechanism by which detergents alter the tertiary structure of proteins? a. Disruption of hydrophobic pockets b. Interference with hydrogen bonding c. Breaking of disulfide linkages d. Allowing the protein to fold in a lower energy state 17. What is the main mechanism by which oxidizing agents alter the tertiary structure of proteins? a. Disruption of hydrophobic pockets b. Interference with hydrogen bonding c. Breaking of disulfide linkages d. Allowing the protein to fold in a lower energy state 18. What is the main mechanism by which heat alters tertiary protein structure? a. Disruption of hydrophobic pockets b. Interference with hydrogen bonding c. Breaking of disulfide linkages d. Allowing the protein to fold in a lower energy state
5 19. Which of the following is not a primary function carried out by enzymes? a. Catalyze chemical reactions b. Control the amount of substances produced c. Make specific products from specific substrates d. Directly provide structure for the organism e. Allow energetically unfavorable reactions to occur by coupling them to favorable ones 20. Which of the following is not one of the major subclass of enzymes? a. Lipase b. Dehydrogenase c. Decarboxylase d. Wisase e. N/A; all are major classes of enzymes 21. Which of the following is likely to be a critical residue in a protease? a. Leucine b. Isoleucine c. Methionine d. Tryptophan e. Serine 22. What functional groups are generated when a lipase acts on a triglyceride substrate? a. Carboxylic acid and alcohol b. Carboxylic acid and amine c. Alcohol and amine d. Aldehyde and alcohol e. emiacetal and alcohol 23. Which of the following amino acids is most likely to be found in the active site of an enzyme? a. Phe b. Asn c. Gln d. is e. Met
6 24. Please draw the curve for reaction velocity vs. substrate concentration in an enzyme catalyzed reaction. Indicate where Km is on the S axis and where enzyme is completely populated with substrate. velocity 25. Briefly explain how you could distinguish competitive from noncompetitive inhibition S 26. In terms of Vmax and KM, what is the effect of adding a competitive inhibitor? a. Vmax decreases, KM decreases b. Vmax decreases, KM unchanged c. Vmax decreases, KM increases d. Vmax unchanged, KM increases e. Vmax unchanged, KM decreases 27. What is the term used to describe the product of a series of biochemical reactions inhibiting a key enzyme in the process? a. Feedback control b. Feedbag control c. Irreversible inhibition d. Allosteric control e. Proenzyme paralysis
7 28. Which of the following is not one of the uses of carbohydrates in the body a. Structure b. As energy source c. Component of cell surface/cellular recognition d. Information storage and transfer e. N/A; all are uses of carbohydrates 29. Please draw the aworth projection of glucose in the form. 30. Please draw the Fischer projection of glucose. 31. Please draw the aworth projection of maltose. Bonus (2.5 EC): Please draw the structure for the -glucuronide formed between glucuronic acid and the intravenous anesthetic agent propofol 1 Propofol 1 Propofol forms a glycosidic linkage with glucuronic acid at C1. If you can draw glucose, you can draw glucuronic acid
8 32. Which of the following is not a monosaccharide? O CO C 2 O O C 2 C 2 C 2 O C 2 I II III IV a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. N/A; all shown are monosaccharides 33. Which of the following is a ketohexose? O CO C 2 O O C 2 C 2 C 2 O C 2 I II III IV a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. None of the above are ketohexoses 34. Which of the following is not a disaccharide? a. Fructose b. Maltose c. Sucrose d. Lactose e. N/A; all are disaccharides
9 35. Which of the following is not a reducing sugar? a. Glucose b. Galactose c. Fructose d. Ribose e. N/A; all are reducing sugars 36. Which of the following is a reducing sugar? a. Sucrose b. Maltose c. Amylose d. Amylopectin e. N/A; all are reducing sugars 37. In terms of organic functional groups, formation of a glycosidic linkage is equivalent to formation of a(n) a. Acetal b. Amide c. Ester d. Ether e. emiacetal 38. What functional groups are generated when a glucosidase (e.g. amylase) hydrolyzes a substrate? a. Carboxylic acid and alcohol b. Carboxylic acid and amine c. Alcohol and amine d. Aldehyde and alcohol e. emiacetal and alcohol 39. Which of the following is not composed entirely of glucose units? a. Sucrose b. Maltose c. Amylose d. Amylopectin e. N/A; all are composed of glucose
10 40. Which of the following contains a -glycosidic linkage? a. Sucrose b. Lactose c. Cellulose d. yaluronic acid 41. What are the 2 components of starch? a. Glycogen and amylopectin b. Glycogen and amylose c. Cellulose and amylopectin d. Cellulose and amylose e. Amylopectin and amylose 42. Which of the following polysaccharides are branched? a. Glycogen and amylopectin b. Glycogen and amylose c. Cellulose and amylopectin d. Cellulose and amylose e. Amylopectin and amylose 43. Which of the following polysaccharides form both -1,4 and -1,6- glycosidic linkages? a. Glycogen and amylopectin b. Glycogen and amylose c. Cellulose and amylopectin d. Cellulose and amylose e. Amylopectin and amylose 44. Which of the following polysaccharides forms difficult to digest fibers? a. Amylose b. Amylopectin c. Glycogen d. Cellulose
e. N/A; all of the above are principle uses of proteins
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