Leucine, Ageing and Sarcopenia MARILIA SEELAENDER
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1 Leucine, Ageing and Sarcopenia MARILIA SEELAENDER
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4 Carolynhansenfitness.com Dietary protein and muscle in older persons. Paddon-Jones, Douglas; Leidy, Heather Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. 17(1):5-11, January DOI: /MCO
5 Dietary protein and muscle in older persons. Paddon-Jones, Douglas; Leidy, Heather Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. 17(1):5-11, January DOI: /MCO
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11 GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES
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23 Pixshark.com
24 NUTRITION
25 Dietary protein Livestrong.com
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27 ANIMAL PROTEIN MUFA
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29 AA are more efficient than intact protein Nutrients
30 BCAA MORE THAN ONE THIRD OF MUSCLE PROTEIN!
31 LEUCINE BUILDIND BLOCK FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS NUTRITIONAL SIGNAL: INSULIN DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT MECHANISMS PHARMACONUTRIENT WITH THE LARGEST ANABOLIC PROPERTIES LEU PRIMARY STIMULUS FOR POSTPRANDIAL MUSCLE PROTEIN SYNTHESIS CLINICALLY RELEVANT IN ELDERLY ANTI-INFLAMMATORY/REDUCES Oxidative stress
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34 hlwiki.slais.ubc.ca
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41 Journal of Vascular Surgery 45(3):554-9; discussion April 2007 JAMA Published online October 9, 2013
42 ANABOLIC RESISTANCE?
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49 Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 13, (February 2012)
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51 Physiological Reviews Published 1 July 2011 Vol. 91 no. 3, DOI: /physrev
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60 12 weeks 1x 32 g oral supplementation Exercise 5xWK
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69 Male adults Acute ingestion Forearm biopsy
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71 Sedentary older adults 12g/d 2 weeks
72 30 min 180 min
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78 Alone or + Exercise
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88 LEU in combination (nutrientes/exercise) or alone?
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90 13 wk randomized >55
91 380 sarcopenic older adults 13 weeks 40g Whey + 6g LEU 1600 IU vitd/day
92 Is Leucine supplementation safe?
93 LEUCINE IS SAFE AND HAS BEEN NOR REPORTED TO COMPROMISE GUT ABSORPTION 38.5 g/d/70kg
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98 J Nutr Jul;125(7): Leucine affects the metabolism of valine by isolated perfused rat hearts: relation to branched-chain amino acid antagonism. Torres N 1, Tovar AR, Harper AE. Author information Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effects of different concentrations of leucine on the transport, transamination and oxidation of valine and on incorporation of valine into heart proteins in the isolated perfused rat heart. Valine metabolism was studied in rat hearts perfused with medium containing glucose and graded levels of L-leucine. In transport studies L-phenylalanine was also tested. Uptake of L-[1-14C]valine (0.2 mmol/l) was significantly reduced (-50%) by inclusion of 0.2 mmol/l phenylalanine or leucine, and by -70% by inclusion of 1.0 mmol/l phenylalanine or leucine in the perfusate. Transamination of valine decreased by 37 and 48%, and oxidation of valine by 53 and 71%, respectively, when 0.2 or 1.0 mmol/l leucine was included in the perfusate. Tissue concentrations of valine decreased by 43, 48 and 62% in the presence of 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mmol/l leucine, respectively; tissue concentrations of leucine, glutamate and alanine increased approximately 11-fold, 1.2-fold and 0.5-fold, respectively, when 1.0 mmol/l leucine was present in the perfusate. Addition of mmol/l leucine did not affect incorporation of valine into heart proteins. We conclude that 1) competition among large neutral amino acids for transport into heart occurs at physiological concentrations of these amino acids in plasma; 2) inhibition of valine uptake by leucine can limit the rate of valine catabolism in heart; and 3) depletion of tissue valine concentration by an excess of leucine did not affect the rate of protein synthesis
99 Why LEU supplementation for older adults? Ageing induces: Loss of apetite Neuroendocrine changes Change in muscle protein turnover Decreased muscle oxidative capacity Augmented ROS and inflammation Decreased AA sensing Decreased muscle regeneration LEU supplementation : Improved insulin signalling Increased muscle protein synthesis/regeneration Decreased muscle proteolysis Increased muscle oxidation capacity Enhanced muscle function No toxicity under 550 mg/kg
100 Charles Eugster: the world s fittest 91-year-old
101 Cancer Metabolism Research Group Facebook/Cancer Metabolism Research Group
Nutrition Strategies to Protect Muscle Health During Aging: The Value of Protein
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doi:10.1038/nature22314 Supplementary Discussion In mammals, BCAAs are essential amino acids that must be supplied from food. These dietary BCAAs are subsequently used for protein synthesis or are catabolized
Chemistry 121 Winter 17
Chemistry 121 Winter 17 Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Instructor Dr. Upali Siriwardane (Ph.D. Ohio State) E-mail: upali@latech.edu Office: 311 Carson Taylor Hall ; Phone: 318-257-4941;