A Vision For Dry Bean Research Pg. 2

Transcription

1 A Vision For Research Pg. 2 Irrigation Scheduling...Page Performance Trials Page 6 Volume 26, Issue 2 October 2013

2 A Vision for Regional Research and Development Authors: Rick Novak and Mark Brick, State University Pinto beans have been an important crop in agriculture since the beginning of the 20th Century. At that time, the average yield was about 580 lbs. per acre and the price was $3.60/cwt. Early bean improvement programs were conducted by the industry. Residents that moved to this area brought land races of beans with them and selections from those land races were used to develop new varieties. Cultivation and harvest practices were modified based on horse drawn implements. It wasn t until 1947 that a formal breeding program was first proposed by Donald Wood at State University (CSU). In the draft proposal titled A Plant Breeding Program for the Improvement of Pinto Beans in, Wood stated that The objectives of the bean improvement program should be to: 1) Further study the bacterial blight organism, 2) Develop and maintain a pinto bean seed industry, 3) Breed for resistance to the rust pathogen, 4) Study improved cultural practices, and 5) Breed for improved resistance to bean common mosaic virus and curly top. As a result of that proposal, the Breeding Program at CSU was initiated in Today, all of the objectives stated in the proposal have been realized, but there is much more needed to remain competitive with other regions of the United States and world to maintain an economically viable bean industry in. Today, State University is a leading institution for resources on dry bean production, pest management, and breeding in the High Plains and western USA. According to the USDA Economic Research Service, produced more than 1.2 million cwt of dry beans valued at over $30 million in 2010, while the total regional production (CO, ID, WY and NE) was 7.9 million cwt and value was $198.4 million, respectively. This regional production estimate represents 23% of total and 24% of the economic value of the U.S. crop. In the past 40 years, we have seen a significant shift in bean production from our region to the Upper Great Plains, with most of that shift to North Dakota. In 2010, ND alone accounted for more than 40% of U.S. production, compared to only 2% of U.S. production in The reason for this dramatic shift is related primarily to lower production costs. Another contributing factor to the recent reduction of bean acreage in our region is strong commodity prices for corn and wheat that compete for available acres. There are many other profitable crop selection choices, and with competing commodity prices, beans have not been a priority crop. With these changes, we are compelled to ask What would make beans more competitive in our region? The answer is complex: higher yielding varieties, lower production costs through enhanced pest resistance and improved cultural practices, direct harvest options, and premium prices for quality beans would likely capture an increase in acreage. However, the research expense to make these changes is currently prohibitive because funding from Federal and State governments has declined and lower production levels have reduced check-off contributions. These factors have led to recent discussions on ways to better utilize available resources within our region by sharing responsibilities with adjoining states. Recently, bean industry personnel, growers, and CSU have initiated discussions to better understanding the future role of public research and variety development that contribute to the economic wealth of the bean industry. These discussions focused on the needs and resources that would ensure a strong publicly supported research program with input and management by stakeholders of the program. At the onset of these discussions, it was evident that the growers and the bean industry recognize the importance of a strong research and development program. There was a genuine consensus throughout these discussions that the growers and industry are well served by new varieties, a viable pest management program and field testing in and surrounding states. The discussions focused on ways that State University and surrounding public programs can continue to serve the industry in light of dwindling resources. These discussions focused on two main points, including: 1) What resources are needed to ensure research program of excellence that will allow an economically viable bean industry in the region, and 2) Should we consider a regional approach with shared responsibilities for research and development programs? Models in other crops and other regions were considered as options to the current program. The Wheat Administrative Committee was cited as an excellent model that collects and utilizes funds for the development and marketing of new wheat varieties in the High Plains region. A regional model, Northarvest Bean Growers Association, collects and manages funds for production research and the development and new varieties in North Dakota and Minnesota. Northarvest states on their website that the organization, Created in 1976 as a cooperative effort between dry bean growers in North Dakota and Minnesota, Northarvest Bean Growers Association (NBGA) provides a full range of services and funding to help producers and shippers supply the world with dry beans ( From our discussion, one concept became clear, we must explore new models to provide the bean industry and growers with the resources needed to remain competitive into the 21st Century. Since these discussions, we have opened a dialog with administrators in the public universities (CO, ID, NE, WY) and industry groups in Idaho and Wyoming to explore their interest in a regional model for research and development. We welcome your input and ideas to this process. For information regarding the progress and outcomes of this process or to participate in the process, please contact Mr. Rick Novak, Seed Growers Association, or Rick.Novak@colostate.edu. 2 Bean News - Volume 26 Issue 2 - October 2013

3 USDBC RELEASES AND UPDATES (Jeane Wharton, Executive Director) BEAN BRIEFS (Spring 2013) Mindy Hermann, Susan Male, Andrea Hutchins Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J, et al. The New England Journal of Medicine 2013; 368: DOI: /NEJ- Moa TAKE-HOME BEAN MESSAGE: Beans are an integral part of the traditional Mediterranean lifestyle, which this study now confirms can help ward off heart attacks and especially strokes. Some experts theorize these benefits might stem from a synergistic effect of foods emphasized in the Mediterranean Diet. This study highlighted beans and other legumes as one of the standouts. They appear to contribute by blunting the rise of blood sugar and improving insulin sensitivity to help keep diabetes and metabolic syndrome at bay, as well as upping fiber intake to improve lipid levels and perhaps body weight. Mediterranean dietary pattern and cancer risk in the EPIC cohort. Cuoto E, Boffestta P, Lagiou P, et al. British Journal of Cancer 2011; 104: DOI: /bjc TAKE-HOME BEAN MESSAGE: In addition to better heart health, eating habits that mimic Mediterranean diet habits may also improve the odds against all types of cancer, and especially for those associated with tobacco. This is one more reason for people to up their intake of beans as well as vegetables, fruits and nuts, minimally processed cereals, unsaturated fats, and fish. Effect of legumes as part of a low glycemic index diet on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Augustin LS, et al. Archives of Internal Medicine2012; 172: DOI: /2013. jamainternmed.70. TAKE-HOME BEAN MESSAGE: This research team suggests that the plant proteins, potassium, magnesium, and alpha amylase inhibitors (compounds which slow the digestion of carbohydrates) in beans, rather than fiber, contribute to the positive effect that beans have on blood pressure, heart disease risk, and glycemic control. Including beans in the diets of people with type 2 diabetes may aid their management of the disease, as well as boost heart health. A pulse-based diet is effective for reducing total and LDLcholesterol in older adults. Abeysekara S, Chilibeck PD, Vatanparast H, Zello GA British Journal of Nutrition 2012; 108 (Supplement S1):S103-S110. DOI: /S TAKE-HOME BEAN MESSAGE: Reductions in LDL cholesterol levels that often accompany the addition of beans to a diet may be enough to bring blood levels from borderlinehigh to near-optimal, which could even eliminate the need for prescribed statins in some people. Furthermore, such beneficial changes in blood lipids lower the risk of heart attacks and mortality from heart disease. Phaseolus beans: impact on glycemic response and chronic disease risk in human subjects. Hutchins AM, Winham DM, Thompson SV British Journal of Nutrition 2012; 108 (Supplement S1):S52-S65. DOI: /S TAKE-HOME BEAN MESSAGE: Although the low glycemic response elicited by consumption of beans has not been shown to have a direct effect on chronic disease, they are an important source of nutrients and bioactive compounds that appear to improve blood glucose levels, including starch-binding phytates, phenolics, slowly digestible starch, soluble and insoluble fiber, amylose, and plant protein. See BRIEFS on Page 9b Volume 26 Issue 2 - Bean News 3

4 Bean Coveralls Fashion Statement from Merino! Earlier this summer, Bean News received an interesting from an incoming student to the CSU College of Agriculture, and we wanted to share this story with our readers. The future of agriculture is in good hands with the energy and vision demonstrated by people like Jessika. I am Jessika Gill from Merino, [ g.ll894@gmail.com ] and am a member of Family Career and Community Leaders of America (FCCLA), a student run organization for high school students, and am also attending State University's College of Agriculture as a freshman this fall. As part of a presentation for this organization, I used bean seed bags from my family's farm to create a pair of coveralls, the goal being to symbolize how those involved in agriculture are the ultimate stewards of the environment. I would like to take this project further and allow bean and feed companies to use it as a marketing tool to promote the sustainability of their business practices, or as an educational tool at annual conferences and meetings. In my area, farmers have to be thrifty in order to be successful. A couple of ways they have been able to do this is by incorporating smarter farming methods to reduce both cost and environmental impact and planting crops that require less water. It is from here that I got my inspiration, from farming green to quilting clean. This project relates to the eighth purpose of FCCLA: To promote family and consumer sciences and related occupations. The idea I wanted to get across while making coveralls was that the People involved in agriculture are the ultimate stewards of the environment. I ended up creating a wearable, useful, and durable item of clothing using entirely recycled agricultural products, as well as learned three new and useful sewing skills. The materials I used worked well for what they were being used for, and had I not put them to use they would have gone to waste. After 32 hours and 45 minutes the coveralls were complete, costing a grand total of $0 to construct. Throughout the construction I had to adjust from my original plan and make changes, but I genuinely enjoyed the process. I have never created anything quite like this, but I am pleased with the end result. So are we Jessika thanks for sharing your project with our readers. PINTO BEAN GROWERS Call on us for all of your 2013 Bean Crop Needs!! Pinto Bean Processing & Marketing Certified Seed Field Consulting New Crop Contracting Serving Growers in, Wyoming & Nebraska For Over 50 Years MAIN OFFICE Lucerne Elevator Lucerne, CO Larry Lande, Bob Brunner, Dean Larson Receiving Locations: Ault, CO Torrington, WY 4 Bean News - Volume 26 Issue 2 - October 2013

5 USDA BEAN MARKETING REPORT Greeley, CO Oct 24, 2013 USDA-CO Dept of Ag Market News Pintos Dealer Grower N.E W. Nebraska/E. Wyoming N. Dakota/Minnesota N. Wyoming/ S.C. Montana Washington/Idaho Great Northern Nebraska/Wyoming Not Established 45 N. Dakota Not Established Not Established Light Red Kidney /Nebraska Not Established 53 Michigan Not Established Not Established Wisconsin/Minnesota Not Established Dark Red Kidney Michigan Not Established Not Established Minnesota/Wisconsin Not Established Pink Washington/Idaho N. Dakota/Minnesota Not Established Not Established Small Red Washington/Idaho Not Established 40 Michigan N. Dakota/Minnesota Not Established Black Michigan Not Established N. Dakota/Minnesota Source: USDA-CO Dept of Ag Market News Service, Greeley, CO [Partial Report due to government shut-down] Tess Norvell Market Reporter Greeley. CDBAC Highlights MESSAGE FROM LARRY LANDE (CDBAC PRESIDENT): At the time of this writing, October 18, 2013, bean harvest is struggling to come to an ending. For some growers who got their crop harvested before the mid-september rain, the beans did all right. For many others that did not get their bean crop harvested, they suffered with off-grade beans and many claims to insurance. We call it the Bean Harvest from Hell. How the pinto markets will react to the weather and some quality problems in various states will remain to be seen. This spring, Steve Brown (formerly of Jack s Bean Company) and I joined Sakata Farms and three potato companies from San Luis Valley on a Trade Mission to Mexico to promote pinto beans, popcorn, potatoes and onions. John Addison, with the Department of Agriculture (CDA), sponsored and arranged the trip. We went to Tijuana, Mexicali and Juarez, all along the Mexican border. I felt the trip was very successful and want to give credit to John Addison and the CDA for their efforts. They also arranged for Mexican and Latin American companies to come to Denver and tour various Ag facilities and to meet the shippers. I feel it was worthwhile as we have seen a larger interest of foreign buyers coming to and meeting with companies. Promoting commodities is very important to our growers and shippers. The U.S. Council has been busy with national affairs such as the Farm Bill and other government issues affecting dry bean growers and dealers around the country. Promoting U.S. beans around the world is also on going. TRADE MISSION HIGHLIGHTS FROM:JOHN ADDISON, INTERNATIONAL MARKETING SPECIALIST, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CDA has just concluded an Inbound from Mexico and Central America [ Sept ]; the Inbound was made up of eleven buyers. Six of the buyers were from Mexico, the other five were from Central America. Currently the CDA is preparing for the PMA [Produce Marketing Association] show in New Orleans. This show is the big produce show for the USA and the CDA has a Pavilion at the show. The show serves both the Domestic and International markets. The International arm of the CDA will be bringing around buyers from Mexico, Canada and Japan to meet with companies. For 2014 we are planning on establishing a pavilion at the ANTAD trade show in Guadalajara Mexico. ANTAD is the main produce show in Mexico and will run from March of Mexico is our biggest market for some of our produce commodities which include s and Potatoes. Volume 26 Issue 2 - Bean News 5

6 The bean breeding program, and the bean pathology research program at State University collaborate to conduct variety trials annually to provide unbiased and reliable performance results from uniform trials to help dry bean producers make more informed variety decisions. The uniform variety trial serves a dual purpose of screening experimental lines from CSU's bean breeding program and to compare commercial variety performance for making variety recommendations to bean producers. The uniform variety trial is made possible by funding received from dry bean producers and handlers via the Administrative Committee. Three eastern trials were planted at Lucerne, Yuma and Rocky Ford. A field day was held on August 20, with participation from CSU bean specialists, local bean dealers and growers. Refreshments were provided compliments of Northern Feed and Bean (Larry Lande and Dean Larsen at Lucerne) and Trinidad Benham (Debbi Heid at Yuma). Only data for Lucerne and Yuma are reported here. The Yuma data could NOT be interpreted due to the high degree of field variability, and these yield results should NOT be used by farmers for selecting superior varieties for planting in DRY BEAN 2013 Irrigated Variety Performance Trial at Lucerne Variety Source Yield a Moisture lb/ac percent GTS-904 Gentec Inc CO State Univ CO State Univ La Paz ProVita, Inc CO State Univ Croissant State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ Medicine Hat Seminis CO State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ ND-307 North Dakota State Univ Sinaloa ProVita, Inc PIN-1314 Seminis CO State Univ Montrose State Univ PIN-1012 Seminis GTS-907 Gentec Inc Long's Peak State Univ Mariah Seminis Stampede North Dakota State Univ Windbreaker Seminis Lariat North Dakota State Univ Bill Z State Univ Othello Washington State Univ CO State Univ Average b LSD (P<0.30) 316 a Yields corrected to 14% moisture. b If the difference between two hybrid yields equals or exceeds the LSD value, there is a 70% chance the difference is statistically significant. Plot Size: 10' x 30' Site Information Cooperator: Steve Kelly Planting Date: 5/31/2013 Harvest Date: 9/5/2013 Previous Crop: Silage Corn Herbicides: Dual, Eptam, and Raptor Fertilizer: 20 lb/ac of N 6 Bean News - Volume 26 Issue 2 - October 2013

7 PERFORMANCE TRIAL 2013 Irrigated Variety Performance Trial at Yuma Variety Source Yield a Moisture lb/ac percent Medicine Hat Seminis La Paz ProVita, Inc Windbreaker Seminis GTS-907 Gentec Inc Mariah Seminis PIN-1012 Seminis Bill Z State Univ GTS-904 Gentec Inc Sinaloa ProVita, Inc ND-307 North Dakota State Univ Lariat North Dakota State Univ Stampede North Dakota State Univ Croissant State Univ Montrose State Univ PIN-1314 Seminis CO State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ Othello Washington State Univ CO State Univ Long's Peak State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ CO State Univ Average a Yields corrected to 14% moisture. Yield trial data could not be interpreted due to the high degree of field variability. The yield results should not be used by farmers for selecting superior varieties for planting. Plot Size: 10' x 30' Site Information Cooperator: Richard Wacker Planting Date: 5/31/2013 Harvest Date: 9/9/2013 Volume 26 Issue 2 - Bean News 7

8 USDA Report The Northarvest BeanGrower (Fall 2013 Issue) reported that the USDA estimates 2013 dry bean area was 18% lower than in Harvested acres are estimated at 1.37 million acres; with reductions in pinto (27%), navy (25%), black (23%), pink (34%) and small red (37%) acreage. Light and dark red kidney bean acreages are relatively unchanged from 2012; while great northern bean acreage was 37% higher. Production is forecast to be lower than last year in 15 of the 18 producing states, including North Dakota, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska and Idaho. Dry Edible Bean Area Planted and Harvested, Area Planted Area Harvested State AZ CA CO ID KS MI MN MT NE NM NY ND OR SD TX WA WI WY United States 1, , , , U.S. dealer estimates for dry bean market classes: Pinto 8,763,987 Light Red Kidney 738,978 Pink 400,715 Dark Red Kidney 909,535 Small Red 576,963 Large Lima 258,770 Small White 14,920 Baby Lima 237,135 Navy 3,268,432 Blackeye Pea 560,040 Great Northern 1,665,059 Garbanzo 1,410,041 Black 2,520,474 Other 572,903 Cranberry 171,742 TOTAL 22,069,694 Administrative Committee Northwoods Circle Buena Vista, CO PH: FAX: Executive Board Robert Schork - Manager Wendy White Colo. Dept. of Ag. Advisor (303) Dealer Directors: Larry Lande - Northern Feed & Bean (President) Bob Beyer -Producers Coop, Olathe Jerry Haynes - Jacks Beans, Alternate Grower Directors: Brent Adler - Wray Gary Cozzens - Eaton Troy Seaworth - Wellington Harvey Colglazier - Holyoke (Secretary) The Bean News is supported in part by your voluntary check-off dollars administered by the Administrative Committee. Websites of interest to bean growers (back issues) Bean Network Executive Board Harley Ross - Kelley Bean - Chairman (970) Howard Schwartz - CSU - Secretary (970) Larry Lande - Northern Feed & Bean - Treasurer (970) Bean News is published biannually by the Bean Network, a non-profit organization which supports the dry bean industry in. Although the content of articles and information published in Bean News is true to the best of our knowledge, the Bean Network and its personnel accept no responsibility for its accuracy. No endorsement of products mentioned is intended nor is criticism implied of products not mentioned. Check pest management and agronomic advice with local sources, and always read and follow product labels. Producers Processors State University Bean Network 8 Bean News - Volume 26 Issue 2 - October 2013

9 The RIGHT CHOICE for Growing Business: BRIEFS from Page 3 Overweight/obesity is associated with food choices related to rice and beans, colors of salads, and portion size among consumers at a restaurant serving buffet-by-weight in Brazil. Rodrigues AGM, Proença RPdC, Calvo MCM, Fiates GMR Appetite 2012; 59: DOI: /j.appet TAKE-HOME BEAN MESSAGE: Based on this observational study, eating beans is a choice more common among people with lower body weight than it is of people who are overweight. Past research suggests that including beans in meals can help keep portion sizes and snacking down because they are satiating. They also blunt blood glucose levels, keeping them more even keel and affecting body weight in the process. Regular consumption of pulses for 8 weeks reduces metabolic syndrome risk factors in overweight and obese adults. Mollard RC, Luhovyy BL, Panahi S, et al. British Journal of Nutrition 2012; 108 (Supp. S1):S111-S122. DOI: / S TAKE-HOME BEAN MESSAGE: Incorporating beans into one s daily diet may be as effective as cutting calories when trying to reduce risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Beans are a nutrient-rich, low-calorie-density food group that can take the place of foods that are less nutritious or not as healthy. The benefits of eating beans include their rich supply of nutrients, fiber, and phytochemicals, along with their low glycemic index. From bean planting to harvest, Trinidad Benham can help with your needs! Don t delay, give us a call at one of the following locations: Alliance, NE (308) Bayard, NE (308) Bridgeport, NE (308) Imperial, NE (308) Sterling, CO (970) See Bean Stats on Page 10 Check out our website at: Volume 26 Issue 2 - Bean News 9

10 Bean Stats from Page 9 AD SPACE NOW AVAILABLE!! Invest Your ADVERTISEMENT Dollars Here to Reach Bean Dealers and Growers BEAN NEWS is published biannually by the Bean Network, a non-profit organization which supports the dry bean industry and Administrative Committee in. We are pleased to offer advertisement access to our subscribers. Advertising Deadlines and Rates for the Bean News Circulation: 2000 Bean Growers and Dealers in and Adjacent Area Publisher: Bean News Editor: Howard F. Schwartz Layout: Mark S. McMillan CBN Archives & Web Site: CBN Newsletter b/w Ads: ¼ Page - $150 ½ Page - $300 ½ Back Page - $400 Full Page-Interior - $500 Ad Submission Deadlines: Spring Issue 2014 December 1 Fall Issue of 2014 July 1 Contact: Mark McMillan ( ) Mark.Mcmillan@ColoState.EDU DRY B E A NS 10 Bean News - Volume 26 Issue 2 - October 2013

11 Gluten-Free Diet: A Boon for Beans (Northarvest Bean Grower Winter 2013, Excerpts) Interest in gluten-free diets continue to grow as more consumers seek to avoid foods that contain the protein gluten, namely foods made with whole or refined grains from the wheat, rye, and barley families. Some of these consumers have celiac disease, an autoimmune reaction to gluten that causes damage to the lining of the small intestine; management of the disease includes strict avoidance of gluten. Because gluten and glutencontaining ingredients play an important role in the physical properties of foods, they are ubiquitous in packaged foods and central to many recipes. Gluten contributes structure to foods such as breads, baked goods, and pasta. Many prepared or processed foods, including cereals, soups, sauces, snack foods, and candies, are made with wheat, rye, or barley products. Bean flours garbanzo, white, kidney, and others are now becoming more widely available and offer nutrition advantages over other flours because they are higher in protein, fiber, and numerous vitamins and minerals. They also are lower in fat than nut flours. Additionally, their fiber helps retain moisture so baked goods made with bean flours remain fresher longer. However, bean flours and all other types of gluten-free flours lack the structural properties of gluten; baked goods made with them tend to be denser, less chewy, and more crumbly than traditional products. Some applications call for the addition of guar or xantham gum to improve the texture. Beans are naturally gluten-free. However, some packagers of canned beans may use a gluten-containing ingredient to thicken the contents, so check ingredient labels. Packages of beans can also be contaminated with gluten if packed in a plant that also processes gluten-containing ingredients. This possibility must be indicated as part of the allergen statement on the label. To avoid contamination, buy beans and bean flours in packages marked gluten-free rather than in bulk from a bin. Keep in mind that prepared foods containing beans, such as chili, soups, and stews, often contain gluten-containing ingredients. Mobile Irrigation Scheduling Tool for Allan Andales, Mazdak Arabi and Troy Bauder State University CSU specialists began in 2011 a four-year USDA-NIFA project to develop, pilot, and disseminate a mobile tool for improved irrigation water management. The tool uses online weather databases, user-inputted crop data, and environmental modeling tools and calculations to estimate daily soil moisture content. The tool is currently being presented to stakeholders and water users and being tested by potential users. The system leverages three key technologies available at CSU: (1) the Agricultural Meteorological Network (CoAgMet) of 60 + automatic weather stations around ( atmos.colostate.edu/~coagmet/); (2) the environmental Risk Assessment and Management System (erams) that provides a web-based geographic information system (GIS) and environmental modeling tools; and (3) the Cloud Services Innovation Platform (CSIP) developed in collaboration with USDA to handle calculations (water balance calculations for example) for multiple users over a network or across the Internet. The online tool can be accessed in erams (www. eramsinfo.com) using a Web browser and an Internet connection. It is still in beta version, and is not yet being widely distributed until it is fully tested. The tool has capabilities for locating a specific field on an aerial map and drawing field boundaries. Once the field boundaries are drawn, the tool extracts soil properties of the field from the USDA-NRCS Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database. The water holding capacity of the soil in the field is the primary piece of information used by the tool for estimating soil moisture. The tool will locate the online weather stations closest to the selected field. The user has to input information such as crop type, emergence date, managed root depth, irrigation system, soil information. A prototype iphone app has also been developed to synchronize information with erams and give mobile access to a field s water status. Funding was also provided by Western Sugar Cooperative to test the tool on sugar beet fields. Volume 26 Issue 2 - Bean News 11

12 Please send changes and new addresses to: Dr. H.F. Schwartz, CBN Editor State University 1177 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, CO DRY B E A NS ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED Non Profit ORG PRSRT STD US POSTAGE PAID On Time Mailing Services 80538