Future Food and Health

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Hubert Scott
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1 Future Food and Health Professor Peter Leedman Food The UWA Institute of Agriculture 2013 Industry Forum

2 Globalization, Climate Change, and Human Nutrition World s population increase from 7 to 9.3 billion by 2050 Pandemic of diabetes and obesity and associated noncommunicable diseases (heart attack, stroke) as daily bodily energy balance shifted into surplus Loss of biodiversity, amplified global circulation of bioactive nitrogen compounds, and climate change have reached levels that are apparently unsafe Maintaining food supplies and adequate nutrition for the increasing world population presents a major challenge Rising demand for animal foods among middle-income populations

4 Global food production Solutions: More mixed cropping and inclusion of acceptable genetically modified crops Curtail production of methane-producing ruminants Smart farming with new technologies, some involving molecular advances Source:

5 Alternative Protein Sources Meat production involves large amounts of water, land, energy, and pollution, compared to plant foods. Going veg. is the easiest way to lessen your impact Sustainable farming of drought tolerant grains may help supplement a reduced meat intake, especially in countries where this form of protein is not so readily available. Protein content of various foods 6.7% Fruit 11% Nuts & Seeds 13% Grains 22% Vegetables 28% Beans Source:

6 Food can switch on and off specific genes Hence the phrase You are what eat!

7 Nutrigenomics/Personalized Nutrition Application of the human genome, and other Omics technologies to nutrition and personalized health to provide individual dietary recommendations Recommendations based on age, sex, medical history, other medications.. Microbiome could provide an entirely new set of treatment options Current advice: consume a wide variety of foods, fruits, vegetables, whole grains etc. Future advice: personalized prescription of diet

8 Nutrigenomics

9 Nutrigenomics Selecting the Right Diet for the Right Group

11 Top Ten Superfoods Cleveland Clinic Still debate on a superfood but those packed with essential vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids and antioxidants Oatmeal Walnuts - chia Olive Oil - canola Wild salmon herring/sardines Green Tea black tea Barley lentils Kale or collard - cabbage Broccoli - cauliflower Blueberries blackberries/strawberries Tomatoes watermelon Role for Lupins as a WA superfood?

12 Lupin Functional Food and Health Medicine A grain legume similar to soybean WA is the main producer & exporter in the world Mainly used as an animal feed Under-valued rotation crop Costs less than other similar grain legumes Lupin Field

starch lipid Rich in antioxidants (lutein, lupeol) Low in anti-nutritional

13 The lupin grain a unique combination of - high protein - high dietary fibre - low oil - no starch (< 2%) Low glycaemic load non-starch polysaccharide starch lipid Rich in antioxidants (lutein, lupeol) Low in anti-nutritional factors (trypsin inhibitor, lectins, saponins) protein wheat pea soybean lupin

Australian Sweet Lupins: a very Healthy Asset Centre for Food & Genomic Medicine (CFGM) Studies have revealed that Australian Sweet Lupins Suppress Appetite Reduce the glycaemic load of carbohydrates

14 Australian Sweet Lupins: a very Healthy Asset Centre for Food & Genomic Medicine (CFGM) Studies have revealed that Australian Sweet Lupins Suppress Appetite Reduce the glycaemic load of carbohydrates Improve insulin sensitivity Reduce blood pressure Promotes growth of good bacteria Source of essential amino acids Gluten free Non-GM Functional food - food where a new ingredient(s) added and the new product has an additional function (often one related to health-promotion or disease prevention)

15 Lupin Food Opportunities Substantial value-adding opportunity for WA grain growers and food processors and Health benefits for consumers

Future Foods 2050 Algae farms (free up farmland, huge outputs) Artificial meat stem cells in giant vats, uses less water, energy and land New crops China:

16 Future Foods 2050 Algae farms (free up farmland, huge outputs) Artificial meat stem cells in giant vats, uses less water, energy and land New crops China: green super rice Insects rich in protein, low fat and cholesterol, high Ca +2 /Fe, insect farms across Europe. Survive on paper, algae and industrial waste.

17 Personalized Food Selection informed by one s Omics signatures: way of the Future

ENERGY NUTRIENTS: THE BIG PICTURE WHY WE EAT FUNCTIONS FATS FAT, CARBS, PROTEIN

ENERGY NUTRIENTS: THE BIG PICTURE WHY WE EAT FUNCTIONS FATS FAT, CARBS, PROTEIN ENERGY NUTRIENTS: FAT, CARBS, PROTEIN Angeline B. David, DRPH, MHS NAD Health Summit March 14, 2013 The science of cooking is not a small matter.... This art should be regarded as the most valuable of