Intern Arthroscopy Course 2015 Shoulder Arthroscopy Cases

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1 Intern Arthroscopy Course 2015 Shoulder Arthroscopy Cases Mary Lloyd Ireland, M.D. University of Kentucky Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery & Sports Medicine Lexington, KY

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3 Broken screw s/p Bristow procedure

4 Beware prominent hardware in the shoulder. It breaks, erodes cartilage, etc....

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7 Complications How I have managed my own complications If using new equipment, know how to get out of trouble Frustrating to break arthroscopic instruments Be patient! Be honest!

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9 Sutures placed in rotator cuff, arthroscopically-aided with Expressew; tip of needle broke off Search for needle tip not successful Embedded in thick rotator cuff

10 C-Arm View

11 Mini-open rotator cuff repair performed C-Arm used to locate needle tip Informed family of breakage of instrument Post-op xrays taken in office

12 2 week Follow Up

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20 Bankart lesion and capsular insufficiency

21 Preparation of the glenoid, mobilization of capsuloligamentous labral tissue from scapular neck

22 Suture management, 2 anchors with 4 sutures and capsulorraphy sutures inferior and rotator interval

23 Completed stabilization rotator interval closure, re-establishment of anterior capsuloligamentous labral structures

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26 Bicepital Groove Biceps Tendon

27 Operation

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29 Arm position hyper-abduction, IR

30 Physical Exam Weakness on RC testing 3/5 Pain on exam Significant laxity A>P

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34 Thermal Capsular Modification I don t use Is not successful in MDI patient With improved suture-passing devices and anchors, tie instead of fry Improved results in elite professional baseball athletes with suturing has been reported (J. Andrews et. al.)

35 brownjcthermal.mpg

36 Capsular Necrosis Courtesy of Tony Romeo, M.D.

37 Thermal Shrinkage of Bacon Uncooked 90 sec. 30 sec. 120 sec. 60 sec. 150 sec.

38 Thermal on cartilage kills cells Killing is BAD You may get away with it, but

39 Take nothing on its looks. Take everything on evidence. There is no better rule. - Charles Dickens

40 Case 1 Chronic SLAP & Anterior Instability 24 YO Right hand dominant high school pitcher, boxer History of 30 times shoulder slipping out of place in overhead positions PE: anterior apprehension, labral click, pain and weakness in maximum rotation, arm 90 deg. abducted

41 Bucket handle tear, labrum

42 Scope posterior

43 Anterior-inferior glenoid preparation, labral debridement

44 Removal unstable SLAP tissue

45 Mobilization of anterior-inferior capsuloligamentous complex, labral debridement

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47 Osseous raptor x3, 6 sutures

48 Post-repair, arthroscope posterior

49 Arthroscope anterior, debridement degenerative nonrepairable posterior labrum

50 Arthroscope anterior

51 Scope anterior-superior portal, bumper stability reestablished

52 Subscapularis bursa, common location of loose bodies Scope anterior-superior

53 Case 2 Subscapularis Tear & Anterior Instability 49 YO Right-hand dominant white female, homemaker Right shoulder injury swinging basket full of clothes overhead PE: Significant limitation of motion Anterior apprehension Positive O Brien s test Weakness, ER > IR Imaging Studies

54 Scope posterior

55 Sublabral hole

56 Biceps normal, 10% upper subscapularis tear Scope posterior

57 Scope posterior Anterior-superior and anterior portals

58 SLAP labral repair, anchors x2, mattress sutures

59 Scope posterior, s/p subscap debridement

60 Subscapularis Muscle

61 Subscapularis Tears Lift Off (75% tear 5-30) Hand or back Lspine Maximum LR Napoleon (50% tear) Press belly, flexes wrist Bear Hug (Upper tear, most sensitive) Hand on opposite shoulder Elbow forward Examiner pulls hand off shoulder

62 Initial Clinic Visit 46 year-old right-hand dominant male fell onto an outstretched right arm after tripping over his dog. Felt a ripping sensation in his shoulder Went to the emergency room, plain x-rays normal PE next day: Pain diffusely anterior shoulder Weakness, IR > ER

63 Clinical exam: subscapularis tear I was unable to get my wallet out of my back pocket.

64 Subscapularis & Biceps Instability

65 Medially dislocated biceps tendon

66 Subscapularis Footprint 2.5 cm superior-to-inferior 1.5 cm medial-to-lateral Widest superiorly Nevada analogy by Stephen Burkhart, M.D.

67 Bicepital Groove Biceps Tendon

68 Synovitis, partial subscap tear, normal biceps tendon Don t miss subscapularis tears; can be difficult to see at footprint/insertion

69 Biceps Tendon Often associated with: Subscapularis tear Chronic rotator cuff tears Presentation Initial ecchymosis and pain, then feel better Treatment Repair other associated tears Tenodesis vs. tenotomy

70 MRI Scans of the Shoulder Make sure you know the type scanner and radiologist Communicate with radiologist regarding your clinical diagnosis If you can t read the MRI scan, you shouldn t be ordering it

71 MRI Scans I have never seen a normal reading It s a slippery slope to treat based on radiologists reading

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73 CONCLUSIONS Practice makes better, never perfect Practice, practice arthroscopy in the wet lab Practice, practice knot-tying Be ready to face complications in surgery

74 The End... Thank You!

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