Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. David Knight

Transcription

1 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder David Knight

2 OCD is a serious anxiety-related condition a person experiences frequent intrusive and unwelcome obsessional thoughts followed by repetitive compulsions, impulses or urges OCD 1-2 % of the population 20% have some symptoms! OCD is diagnosed when the obsessions and compulsions: Consume excessive amounts of time (approximately an hour or more) Cause significant distress and anguish Interfere with daily functioning at home, school or work, including social activities and family life and relationships

3 Also Social phobia Depression Health Anxiety Body Dysmorphic Disorder Tourette's Syndrome

4 OCD and Autism Similar behaviours Both perform repetitive or ritualistic behaviours, such as ordering, arranging, counting, or touching/tapping ASD are not likely to think ( obsess ) about their rituals and are more likely to simply act upon their urges. Limited insight into the reason behind their compulsions Not used to neutralize fear or anxiety and/or keep bad things from happening Compulsions associated with ASD may satisfy other needs, such as modifying sensory input, gaining reinforcement from the environment, or preserving sameness in their daily lives.

5 OCD or ADHD Both lead to lack of concentration Stress anxiety - anger Compulsive Driven by anxiety controlling Impulsive lack of thought Medication for ADHD worsens OCD OCD ADHD - TS

6 Trigger Genetics Radar OBSESSION Experiences The OCD Cycle DECREASES INCREASES COMPULSION

7 FLIGHT Perceived threat FIGHT Anxiety INCREASES Heart Rate Breathing Tense Hot Fuzzy Head Tingling Nausea Dry mouth ANGER

8 R The RATIONAL Brain Good at Planning Problem Solving Thinking P The PRIMATIVE Brain Black and White Safe or Dangerous Right or wrong

9 Thinking Errors Black and White Intolerance of Uncertainty: You feel as if you must have a 100% guarantee of safety or absolute certainty. Any hint of doubt, ambiguity, or the possibility of negative outcome (however small) is unacceptable. This is the core distortion of OCD. Overestimation of Threat: You exaggerate the probability that a negative outcome will occur It will be awful Overestimation of Responsibility: You believe that because you think about harmful consequences, you are therefore responsible for preventing harm from coming to yourself or others. Failure to prevent (or failure to try to prevent) harm is the same thing as causing harm.

10 Thinking Errors Significance of Thoughts: You believe that your negative obsessional thoughts are overly important or very meaningful. For example, the idea that there is something seriously wrong with your brain because you have senseless thoughts. Moral Thought-Action Fusion: You believe that your unwanted thoughts are morally equivalent to performing a terrible action. Therefore, you think you are an awful, immoral, or disgraceful person for thinking these thoughts. Magical Thinking: You believe that thinking certain thoughts increases the chance that something terrible will happen. For example, If I think about death, someone will die.

11 Thinking Errors Need to Control Thoughts: Beliefs about the significance of thoughts lead you to feel the need to control your obsessional thoughts (and actions). You worry that if you don t control (or try to control) unwanted thoughts, something terrible could happen that you could have prevented. Some people worry they will act on their unwanted thoughts unless the thoughts are suppressed. Intolerance of Anxiety: You feel that anxiety or discomfort will persist forever unless you do something to escape. Sometimes the fear is that the anxiety or emotional discomfort will spiral out of control or lead to going crazy, losing control, or other harmful consequences. The Just Right Error (Perfectionism): You feel that things must be just right or perfect in order to be comfortable. A related belief is the feeling that things need to be evened out or symmetrical or else you will always feel uncomfortable. Emotional reasoning: You assume that danger is present based simply on the fact that you are feeling anxious.

12 Dirt, grease, thoughts, Contamination Radar DECREASES I must be clean Or I will get ill/die I cant stand it INCREASES Hand Washing Cleaning/laundry Avoidance Checking

13 Trigger Radar Order & Symmetry DECREASES It must be perfect People will judge Or something bad will happen INCREASES Tidy/order

14 Trigger Checking Radar DECREASES I have to be sure I must not make mistakes Or something bad will happen INCREASES Check switches Gas/electric/water Doors/locks Repeat ++ Driving etc /letters

15 Trigger Hoarding Radar DECREASES I cant get rid of it I might need it I must be sure INCREASES Procrastinate Collect

16 Intrusive Image Radar Intrusive Thoughts Pure O DECREASES I will harm someone/my self I must control thought or I might do it I must be bad INCREASES Suppress Reassurance Distract

17 Trigger Health Anxiety Radar DECREASES It is cancer I have tumour Hiv etc INCREASES Reassurance Health checks Internet

18 Trigger Radar Body Dysmorphic Disorder DECREASES People are staring/judging they will laugh/reject me I am ugly repulsive INCREASES Check mirror Cover up Avoid

19 Treatment Education Anxiety Normalise OCD bully Challenge negative thoughts Evidence Delay compulsion Exposure and Response Prevention Mindfulness Disengaging from the thoughts

20 Avoidance Trigger Exposure Therapy

21 Exposure Graded progressing step by step through confronting increasingly difficult tasks until they become manageable Prolonged staying in the situation long enough for your anxiety levels to reduce Repeated the more you practice each task the more likely it is that you will become accustomed to it and less anxious

22 Nothing fixes a thing so intensely in the memory as the wish to forget it. - Montaigne The End Depend on the rabbit's foot if you will, but remember, it didn't work for the rabbit. R. E. Shay

23 Contact

24 ChildrensGuide/