Research Article SHOE BASED ASSISTIVE DEVICE FOR MONOPLEGIA PATIENTS

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ISSN: 0975-766X CODEN: IJPTFI Available Online through Research Article www.ijptonline.com SHOE BASED ASSISTIVE DEVICE FOR MONOPLEGIA PATIENTS 1 S.Geetha, 2 Nithin K.P, 3 Syed Akram, 4 Dr.R.Vasuki 1 Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, Bharath University, Chennai-73, Tamil Nadu, India Email: geethag24@gmail.

1 ISSN: X CODEN: IJPTFI Available Online through Research Article SHOE BASED ASSISTIVE DEVICE FOR MONOPLEGIA PATIENTS 1 S.Geetha, 2 Nithin K.P, 3 Syed Akram, 4 Dr.R.Vasuki 1 Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, Bharath University, Chennai-73, Tamil Nadu, India geethag24@gmail.com Received on Accepted on Abstract Paralysis is a disease where muscles lose its functionality. Few patients are affected with partial paralysis, where a single limb functions while the other doesn t function. The developed lower leg assistive device serves as a comfortable, low cost, and compatible and can be used in all physiotherapy and rehabilitation purposes. This particular kind of assistive device can also be effective for accident prone patients, patients with low muscle and bone strength and foot drop patients. Gait movements are analyzed for proper walking pattern, movement is triggered by dynamic electromyography where the action potentials are received. Myoelectrical signals in turn measures the membrane muscle potential. Signals are amplified and are fed to the motor to run, the movement is generated in all the three joints (hip joint, knee joint, ankle joint). Knee stability is balanced by braces which holds and supports from bending into wrong sides. Timer circuit controls the speed, distance and time. Keywords: dynamic electromyography, myoelectrical signals, rehabilitation purpose, timer circuit. 1. Introduction Stroke is the third most frequent cause of death worldwide and leading cause of permanent disability in most of the countries [6]. Neurological impairment after stroke frequently leads to hemi paresis or partial paralysis of one side of body that affects patient s ability to perform activities of daily living [9]. This lower extremity rehabilitation assistive device project has been designed to rehabilitate where movement rehabilitation is limb dependant thus the affected limb has to exercised, who suffer from partial paralysis. Most of the times, when a patient suffers a paralysis attack; it either damages their right or the left side of the body, leaving the body weak even after surviving the attack [3, 7]. In these IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8618

2 cases, the patients usually lose the power to move their arms and legs as they used to do [13, 14]. The body parts in these patients are still intact and in order, however, the parts lack the power to move on their own [12]. This design is a try to make these patients to move their leg by legs on their own. Muscle activity around the affected part. The device consists of a pair of normal soles that can be worn by the patient on his or her feet, which are actually soles that can be worn on the shoes. The paralyzed leg consists of a sole where a single D.C Motor is attached for the movement and a battery to supply current. Myoelectrical signals are received from the thigh part of a leg where surface electrodes are placed to extract the signals. Normally 3 surface electrodes are used (a positive electrode, negative electrode and a reference electrode) to get the EMG signal [4, 6]. The signals are generated when the patient s brain transfers signals through neurons to a particular part which needs to be moved, Action potentials are generated at the muscle and are captured which can last roughly up to 2-4ms [5]. Myoelectrical signals received and are amplified by the operational amplifiers and are filtered by high pass filter (HPF) and low pass filter (LPF) circuits to reduce the noise [10, 11]. This conditioned EMG signals are fed to a timer circuit for triggering the motor circuit. The timer is set to certain interval of time, through which the motor driving circuit is activated. The motor is driven by the driving circuit for generating the leg movement.[19,20] 1.1. Paraplegia, Drop Foot Patients Popultion Survey in India Taking consideration of India, 15 lakh people live with spinal cord injury approximately [2]. Stroke patients and patients suffering from foot drop are actually increasing in number every year, survey says 30% of paraplegia patients die, 35% of patients suffer from permanent disability and the rest are treated by few therapy methods [1, 15]. Majority of the suffered patients are males (82%) in the age group of years. However, this is only an estimate as there is no reliable national database.[15,16] 2. Construction and Planning The developed project is the prototype design of Shoe Based Assistive Device for Monoplegia Patients describes the structural orientation of the product. It shows the construction and component arrangement to its sole base. Motor is fixed at the rear part of the sole, 6cm from the tip. IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8619

3 Motor is fixed by two metal clamps and a metal plate at the motors bottom for proper support and saves from wear and tear effect. Two gears, sun and warm are provided run the wheels, where the sun gear is attached along the rear wheel axle and warm gear to the motor. 350 watt fan is provided to cool the motor which is probably at the left side of the sole base or at the bottom. Circuit is fixed in the middle of the sole with four little pillars. Battery is placed at the frontal part of the sole. All the wires are connected from circuit to motor to battery and vice versa. Front and rear wheels are placed with friction less clamps made up of metal. 1. EMG electrodes. 2. EMG signal amplifier. 3. Timer 4. Relay 5. DC power supply. 6. Wheels 2.1. METHODS FLOW CHART Fig 2.1: Flow chart. IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8620

4 Through the surface electrodes the EMG signals are picked up from the muscle, the signal amplitude will be in between 1mV to 10mV range. The EMG signals are then amplified by an EMG amplifier. The amplified EMG signals then transfer to a differential amplifier; where the difference of the reference signal and EMG signal get amplified. Then the signal triggers a timer circuit. The timer circuit is set for a certain time interval manually. The motor is activated by the timer circuit according to the time set Circuit Diagram Fig 2.2: Circuit diagram. 3. Result & Discussion On the basis of the procedure of the assistive device and the EMG readings taken from the cases, we have proved that this project is a success in practical ways with appropriate readings and lower leg movement. It s a device for not only monoplegia patients but also foot drop, accident patients and patients with muscle and bone weakness and any kind of neurological immobility [17,18]. According to the EMG readings Sl.no Case study Peak- peak Relaxation Amplitude Contraction Amplitude 01 Case V 1.28 V 2.72 V 02 Case V 1 V 3.0 V 03 Case V 1.11 V 3.2 V IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8621

5 04 Case mv 900 mv 2.5 V 05 Case mv 1.5 V 2.7 V 06 Case V 1.23 V 3.0 V 07 Case V 1 V 2.8 V Table 3.1: EMG Recordings and Analysis. 4. References: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation RiverCentre, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA (May 14-18, 2012). 2. Census of India, demographic survey on monoplegix population in India, Third Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator SystemsSalt Lake City, UT, USA, March 18-20, L. Tesio and V. Rota. Gait analysis on split-belt force treadmills: validation of an instrument. Amer J. Phys Med Rehabil, 87: , M. Otis, C. du Tremblay, F. De Rainville, M. Mokhtari, D. Laurendeau, and C. Gosselin. Hybrid control with multicontact interactions for 6 DOF haptic foot platform on a cable-driven locomotion interface. In Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environments and Teleoperator Systems, pages , March D. Reisman, R. Wityk, K. Silver, and A. Bastian. Loco motor adaptation on a split-belt treadmill can improve walking symmetry post-stroke. Brain, 130(7): , J. Yang and M. Gorassini. Spinal and brain control of human walking: Implications for retraining of walking. Neuroscientist, 12:379, S. Morton and A. Bastian. Cerebellar Contributions to Loco motor Adaptations during Split belt Treadmill Walking. J. Neurosci.,26(36): , H. van Hedel, B. Wirth, and V. Dietz. Limits of loco motor ability in subjects with a spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 43: , H. Schmidt, S. Hesse, R. Bernhardt, and J. Kr uger. Haptic Walker- a novel haptic foot device. ACM Trans. on Applied Perception,2(2): , IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8622

6 11. D. Reisman, R. Wityk, and A. Bastian. Split-belt treadmill walking adaptation in post-stroke hemi paresis. J. Neurologic Physical Therapy,29:196, H. Shimada, S. Obuchi, T. Furuna, and T. Suzuki. New intervention program for preventing falls among frail elderly people. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 83(7): , Langeswaran K., Revathy R., Kumar S.G., Vijayaprakash S., Balasubramanian M.P., "Kaempferol ameliorates aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) induced hepatocellular carcinoma through modifying metabolizing enzymes, membrane bound ATPases and mitochondrial TCA cycle enzymes", Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, ISSN : , 2(S3)(2012) pp.s1653-s Rajendran S., Muthupalani R.S., Ramanathan A., "Lack of RING finger domain (RFD) mutations of the c-cbl gene in oral squamous cell carcinomas in Chennai, India", Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, ISSN : , 14(2) (2013) pp D. Reinkensmeyer, J. Emken, and S. Cramer. Robotics, motor learning, and neurologic recovery. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 6: , Anbazhagan R., Satheesh B., Gopalakrishnan K., 'Mathematical modeling and simulation of modern cars in the role of stability analysis", Indian Journal of Science and Technology, ISSN : , 6(S5) (2013) pp Muruganantham S., Srivastha P.K., Khanaa, "Object based middleware for grid computing", Journal of Computer Science, ISSN: , 6(3) (2010) pp R. Keamey. Context dependence of intrinsic and reflex contributions to ankle stiffness. In Proc. of 1st International IEEE EMBS Conf. on Neural Engineering, pages , March Sengottuvel P., Satishkumar S., Dinakaran D., "Optimization of multiple characteristics of EDM parameters based on desirability approach and fuzzy modeling", Procedia Engineering, ISSN : , 64() (2013) pp Corresponding Author: S.Geetha*, geethag24@gmail.com IJPT Sep-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8623

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