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1 Áhrif farsímanotkunar á tvíverkavinnslu og skipta athygli 54 Heimildaskrá Baddeley, A. D., Bressi, S., Della Sala, S., Logie, R. H., & Spinnler, H. (1991). The decline of working memory in Alzheimer s disease: A longitudinal study. Brain, 114, Baddeley, A. D., & Logie, R. H. (1999). Working memory: The multiple-component model. Í Miyake, A. og Shah, P. (Ritstj.), Models of Working Memory (bls ). New York: Cambridge University Press. Briem, V. og Hedman, L. R. (1995). Behavioral effects of mobile telephone useduring simulated driving. Ergonomics, 38 (12), Broadbent, D. E. (1958). Perception and communication. London: Pergamin Press. Cherry, E. C. (1953). Some Experiments on the Recognition of Speech, with One and With Two Ears. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Amerika, 25 (5), Denis, M. og Cocude, M. (1989). Scanning visual images generated from verbal descriptions. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1, Drews, F.A., Pasupathi, M. og Strayer, D.L. (2004). Passenger and Cell-Phone Conversations in Simulated Driving. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 48 th Annual Meeting. Utah: University of Utah. Dzubak, C.M. (2008) Multitasking: The good, the bad, and the unknown. The Journal of the Association for the Tutoring Profession, 1 (2), Friedman, N. P. og Miyake, A. (2000). Differential roles for visuospatial and verbal working memory in situation model construction. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 129,

2 Áhrif farsímanotkunar á tvíverkavinnslu og skipta athygli 55 Halpern, D. F. (2000). Sex differences in cognitive ability (3. útg). London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Hunton, J. og Rose, J. M. (2005). Cellular Telephones and Driving Performance: The Effects of Attentional demands on Motor Vehicle Crash Risk. Risk Analysis, 25 (4), Ishihara. S. (1964). Tests for colour-blindness. Tokyo: S. Kanehara. Laapotti, S. og Keskinen, E. (2004). Has the difference in accident patterns between male and female drivers changed between 1984 and 2000? Accident Analysis and Prevention, 36, Laapotti, S., Keskinen, E. og Rajalin, S. (2003). Comparision of young male and female drivers attitude and self-reported traffic behavior in Finland 1978 and Journal of Safety Research, 34, Lachter, J., Ruthruff, E. og Forster, K. I. (2004). Forty-Five Years After Broadbent (1958): Still No Identification Without Attention. Psychological Review, 111 (4), Linn, M. C. og Petersen, A. C. (1985). Emergence and characterization of sex differences in spatial ability: A meta analysis. Child development, 56, Logie, R. H., Zucco, G. og Baddeley, A. D. (1990). Interference with visual short- term memory. Acta Psychologica, 75, Marsh, P. (2004). Sex differences in driving and insurance risk: An analysis of the social and psychological differences between men and woman that are relevant to their driving behaviour. Oxford: The Social Issue Research Centre. Mehrabian, A. (1971). Silent Messages. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

3 Áhrif farsímanotkunar á tvíverkavinnslu og skipta athygli 56 Moore, T. (2006). The neurobiology of visual attention: finding sources. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 16, Norris, F. H., Matthews, B. A. og Riad, J. K. (2000). Characterological, situational and behavioral risk factors for motor vehicle accidents: A prospective examination. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 32, Nunes, L. og Recarte, M. A. (2002). Cognitive demands of hands-free-phone conversation while driving. Transportation Research Part F, 5, Pashler, H. (1994). Dual-Task Interference in Simple Tasks: Data and Theory. Psychological Bulletin, 116 (2), Redelmeier, D. A. og Tibshirani, R. J. (1997). Association between Cellular-telephone Calls and Motor Vehicl Collisions. New England Journal of Medicine, 336 (7), Sigríður Jóhannesdóttir, Katrín Fjeldsted, Jón Bjarnason, Guðjón A. Kristjánsson, Ólafur Örn Haraldsson, Ásta R. Jóhannesdóttir og Rannveig Guðmundsdóttir. (126. löggjafarþing ). Frumvarp til laga um bann við notkun farsíma án handfrjáls búnaðar við akstur ökutækja. Þskj mál. Sótt 6. mars frá vefsíðu alþingis: Simons, D.J. (2000). Attention capture and inattentional blindness. Trends in cognitive science. 4 (4), Skjønsberg, H. (2005). Rigning í Osló [Hljóðbók]. Reykjavík: Námsgagnastofnun. Smith, E. E., og Kosslyn, S. M. (2007). Cognitive Psychology: Mind and Brain. New Jersey: Pearson Education. Strayer, D. L. og Drews, F. A. (2006). Multitasking in the Automobile. Í Kramer A.,

4 Áhrif farsímanotkunar á tvíverkavinnslu og skipta athygli 57 Weigmann D. og Kirlik, A. (ritstj), Applied Attention from theory to Practice (bls ). USA: Oxford University Press. Strayer, D. L., Drews, F. A. og Crouch, D. J. (2003). Fatal Distraction? A comparison of the cell-phone driver and the drunk driver. Í D. V. McGehee, J. D. Lee, og M. Rizzo (ritstj.), Driving Assessment 2003: International Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design (bls ). Iowa: Public Policy Center, University of Iowa. Strayer, D. L., Drews, F. A. og Johnston, W. A. (2003). Cell phone induced failures of visual attention during simulated driving. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 9 (1), Strayer, D. L. og Johnston, W. A. (2001). Driven to Distraction: Dual-Task Studies of Simulated Driving and Conversing on a Cellular Telephone. Psychological science, 12 (6), Stutts, J.C., Huang, H.F. og Hunter, W.W. (2001). Cell Phone Use While Driving in North Carolina: 2002 Update Report. North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center Chapel Hill. Stutts, J.C., Reinfurt, D.W., Staplin, L. og Rodgman, E.A. (2001) The Role of Driver Distraction in Traffic Crashes. Washington: AAA Foundation for Traffick Safety. Treisman, A. M. (1960). Contextual Cues in Selective Listing. Quartrely Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12, Umferðarstofa. (2007). Aksturshegðun almennings: Viðhorfsrannsókn. Reykjavík: Capacent Gallup.

5 Áhrif farsímanotkunar á tvíverkavinnslu og skipta athygli 58 Violanti, J. M. (1997). Cellular Phones and Traffic Accidents. Public Health, 111, Waller, P.F., Elliott, M.R., Shope, J.T., Raghuathan, T.E,. og Little, R.J.A. (2001). Changes in Young dult offense and crash patterns over time. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 33 (1) Waylen, A. og McKenna, F. (2002). Cradle Attitudes Grave Consequences. The development of gender differences in risky attitudes and behavior in road use. UK, Basingstoke: AA Foundation for Road safety. Wickens, C.D.(1991), Processing resources and attention. Í D.L. Damos (Ritstj.), Multible task performance (bls. 3-34). London: Taylor and Francis. Williams, C. L., Barnett, A. M. og Meck, W. H. (1990). Organiational Effects of Early Gonadal Secretions on Sexual Differentiation in Spatial Memory. Behavioral Neuroscience, 104 (1), Willingham, D.T. (2007). Cognition: the Thinking Animal (3 útg). New Jersey: Pearson Education. Wood, N. og Cowan, N. (1995). The Cocktail Party Phenomenon Revisited: How Frequent are Attention Shifts to one s Name and Irrelevant Auditory Channel. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory and Cognition, 21,

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