Index. B Becoming a Man (Book), 188, 199 Body s wisdom, 80 Bronfenbrenner s ecosystem of the society, 135 Buddhism, 289

Transcription

1 A Ableism, 246, 262 Academic learning challenges, 249 Accurate assessment, 251 effective verbal and nonverbal communication styles, incorporating scientific inquiry into clinical inquiry, intake and effective treatment, silence, social justice, 361 Accurate listening, Adultism, Affective information processing, 133 Ageism and adultism, American Counseling Association (ACA), 1, 6 American mainstream culture, 284 American Psychiatric Association (APA), 1, 165, 192 American Psychological Association (APA), 2, 8 Americans with Disabilities Act, 243, 244 Assessment of identities age, class, components, 391 disability/impairment, gender, implications, inter- and intrapersonal relationships, 391 language, multilayered and multidimensional perspective, 391 race, regions, religion, sexual orientation, sociocultural contextual experiences, 391 Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development, 367 Automatic activating system, 147, 174 Automatic activation, 215, B Becoming a Man (Book), 188, 199 Body s wisdom, 80 Bronfenbrenner s ecosystem of the society, 135 Buddhism, 289 C Case Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy, 368 Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 275 Child protective services, 279 Children s memory, 224 Chinese scholar Confucius s philosophy, 139 Cisgenders, Cissexism, 190 adolescents, 163 DSM-5, 161 gender dysphoria, 164, 165 gender identity, , 166 gender reassignment surgery, 165 inappropriate thinking and intrapersonal communication, 176, 177 integrated science model assessment tool, 165 intersectionality, laws and policies, 162 Springer International Publishing AG 2018 H. Jun, Social Justice, Multicultural Counseling, and Practice, 437

2 438 Cissexism (cont.) LGBT, 163 multiaxial assessment, 165 social justice and equity, 163 societal gendered expectations, 162 systemic transgender oppression, 165 trans discrimination, 163 transgender, Civil Rights Act, 121 Classism automatic activation process, 228 class and status, 217 and class prejudice, 235 institutional and governmental level, 237 multicultural identities, 226 oppression and privilege, 218 self and community, 238 social dominance theory, 220 social inequality, 220 sociocultural contextual factors, 216 socioeconomic category, 229 Clients worldviews, 1, 3 5, 10, 14 Cognitive distortions, 28 Cognitive information processing, Cognitive neuroscience, 6 Cognitive neuroscience information processing models, 337 Cognitive productivity, Collectivism, 303 Color-blind racial ideology (CBRI), 112 The Color of Fear, 100 Comprehensive assessment techniques, 361 Consciousness studies, 73 Contemporary heterosexism, 194, 200 Controlled processing (reflective processing), 330 Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Education Programs (CACREP), 6 Countertransference, Cultural adjustment, 229 Cultural complex, 42 Cultural identity, 338 Culturally appropriate treatment client s cultural healing traditions, client s worldview and culture, multicultural counseling competencies, 403 nontraditional healing techniques, 403 restoring client s dignity, 406 D Dartmouth College Medical School, 251 Deegan s statement, 257 Department of Community and Family Medicine, 251 Department of Social and Health Services, 279 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 251 inherent problems, multicultural populations, 395 psychological disorders, 395 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), 376 Dichotomizing, 114 Dichotomous thinking, 33 39, 101, 117, 293 Disablism ADA and CDC, 244 ADA implementation, 245 ADAAA, 243 assessment of self, DAD Act, 253 discrimination, 249 ingroup vs. outgroup, learning disability, 250 medical model, 245, 249 memory and belief, 244 quick fix, 251 social dominance theory, 247 social justice and equity, 243 Dismantling ableism, 268 Dismantling classism, 239 Dismantling heterosexism, 187 Dismantling institutional ableism, 265 Dismantling racism, 105, 119, 120, 127 Dominant vs. nondominant group, Dual attitude model, 345 E Emotional nurturing, 280 Empathy, 421 English as a second language (ESL), 281, 386 Environmental racism, 102 Erikson s conception, 337 Ethnocentrism, 36 Aristotelian philosophy, 39 confucian and Buddhist philosophy, 39 cultural ideology, 39 hierarchical, dichotomous and linear thinking, social learning theory, Western ideology, 39 Ethnocentrism and social projection, 291 Eurocentric therapeutic techniques, 418 Experiential learning activities, 82, 141

3 439 F Fluidity among multiple identities, see Multiple identities Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri), 24 Fundamental attribution error theory, G Gender, see Social categorization theory Gender discrimination, 134 See also Sexism Gender identity, 134 Gender socialization, 133 Gendered beliefs, 136, 137, 139, 140, 147, 155 Gendered socialization, 137, 141, 151 Genderqueer, 166 Generalizations, 277, 299 Governmental laws, 218 H Healthcare facilities and services, 253 Heteronormativity, 192 Heterosexism, 199, 257, 265 belief systems, 197 heterosexual students, 193 human sexuality, 193 ingroups vs. outgroups, institutional and organizational, 195 learning activities, 190 LGB, 188 LGBTQ, 187, 188, , , nonheterosexual individuals, 197 nonheterosexual orientation, 188 nonheterosexuals, 203 organizational and institutional policies and rules, 191 pansexuals, 187 sexual orientation, 187 transformative learning, 201 Heyman s study, 200 Hierarchical thinking, 31 33, 254 Holistic thinking, 29, 206 Homonegativity, 198 Homophobia, 198 Homosexuality, 188, 192, 195 Human Genome Project, 98, 106 I Identity development acculturation, 338 adaptation, 338 adolescents and adults, 337 cultural identity, 338 cultural values and beliefs, 338 ego identity and diffusion, 337 internal consistency, 338 monoracial, biracial and multiracial groups, 339 personal and social identity, 337 sociocultural context, 337 stages, 338 victim vs. agent, Implicit-association test (IAT), 302 Impulsive or automatic processing system, 257 Ingroup favoritism, 262 Ingroup vs. outgroup, 101, Inner dialogue, 22 Inner experiences, 63 Inner monologue, 22 Inner speech, 22 Innovative therapeutic techniques, 416 Internalization, 254 Internalized oppression, 98, 108, 109, 111, 112, 121, 123, 127, 225 Internalized privilege, 97, 108 Internalized transphobia, 172 Interpersonal malfunction, 371 Intersectionality experiential learning activities, 148, 149, 151 gender and race, multiple identities, 273, 297 Intersections of multiple identities, 298, 304 Intersections of race, 205 Intersex, 134 Intrapersonal communication, automatic thought patterns, choice vs. duty, 24 ethnocentrism, 21 experiential learning activities on defense mechanisms, 54 experiential learning activities on values, 46, 47 implicit and explicit interactions, 21 inappropriate generalizations, intellectually (conceptually) and affectively (emotionally), 21 reflection on emotion, 52 reflection-based learning activities, 27 socialization, internalized privilege/ oppression, thinking styles dichotomous, hierarchical, holistic, 29 linear, 29 31

4 440 Intrapersonal communication (cont.) and transformative learning, 21, values, beliefs and biases, Intrapersonal communication, 39 and ethnocentrism (see Ethnocentrism) Isms, J The Journal of Counseling Psychology, 233 K Korean immigrants, 230 Korean language, 101, 282 Korean vocabulary, 283 Korean-style letter writing, 282 L Learning disability, 249 Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, or queer (LGBTQ) community, 29, 187, 188, , 197, 198, Likert scale, 392 Linear thinking, 29 32, 37, 39 43, 49, 50 Lower-class individuals, 219 M Major depressive disorder, 397, 398 Medical model, 245 Medical model vs. social model, Mental disorders, 251 Mesopotamia, 161 Meta-cognitive model (MCM), 345 Microaggressions, 113 Mindful and persistent practice, 205 Mindful repetitions, 209 Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies (MSJCC), 6, 367 Multicultural competencies complex model, 8 9 conventional organization, evidence- and efficiency-based practice, 7, 8 intrinsic valuation, 7 mental health providers, 7, 8 paradigm shift in learning, paradigm shift in thinking, 9 10 practical strategies, 8 psychology, 7 self-awareness, 7 sociocultural, economic and political systems, 7 technological revolution, 7 training program types, 8 uniqueness, Multicultural counseling competencies (MCC), 6 Multicultural counseling movement ACA, 1 APA, 2 barriers from theory to practice, Western ideology, 4, 5 barriers, Western ideology, 4 5 cultural competency, 2 human diversity, 1 NASW, 2 single identity, 2 4 social justice movement, 6 Multicultural counseling theories, 115, 149 Multiculturally competent provider, , art and knowledge components affect preparation, affective domain, 408 compassion and resilience, conventional (linear) and nonconventional (nonlinear) techniques, 409 emotion and cognition, 409 experiential learning activities, 413, 414 personality, life-span developmental psychology, 408 traditional and nontraditional therapeutic techniques, 409 transference and countertransference, attentive listening cultural values, 425 healing psychological and emotional wounds, 426 mental health provider, 426 professional ethics through transformative learning, sociocultural environment, 425 technological revolution, 425 attitudinal preparation through transformative learning, experiential learning activities, inquiry, client words, knowledge preparation through transformative learning conventional therapeutic techniques, drawing, 419 dreams, 423, 424 narrative movement, poetry and spoken words, 422

5 441 silence communication, 422, 423 unconventional creative therapeutic techniques, linking theory, 407 provider s role and success, transformative learning, 406 Multiple identities and intersections, 1 cognitive information processing, cultural activities (generalization), 354 effective assessment and treatment, 344 financial freedom, 354 hierarchical and egocentric thinking, 354 ingroup and outgroup discrimination, 344 intersections, language skills, 355 multicultural issues, 1 multidimensional and multilayered perspective, 353 psychological framework, 344 racism, 354 religion, 355 self assessment, sexism, 354 sexual orientation and intellectual disability, 344 social contexts, 356 social justice and equity, 355 sociocultural contexts, 343 spirituality, 355 transformative learning, 1 WRC model, N Narrative writing exercises, 235 National Association of Social Workers (NASW), 1, 2 National Center for Transgender Equality, 166 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, 135 National Transgender Discrimination Survey cisgenders, 180 ethnocentrism, 180 macro-level ecosystem, 179 meso-level ecosystem, 178, 179 micro-level ecosystem, 178 Natural aging process, 274 Neurocognitive science, 146 Neuroscience research, 240 Nonheterosexual orientation theories, 202 Nonheterosexuality, 188, 192, 193, 198 Nonverbal language and attitude, 406 O Obama administration guideline, 163 P Persistent depressive disorder, 376 Personal inquiry, 63 Personal story, 222 Personality theory, 417 Phenotypic characteristics, 117 Postmodernity, 75 Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 345 Progoff s narrative writing, 73 Progoff s uncensored writing, 73 Provider s values ANS and SNS, 77 asymmetric perception, 62 awareness of inner eperience, body s wisdom, 80 clients and providers, 74 consciousness studies, 72, 79 dichotomous and hierarchical thinking, 75 experiential learning activities, 80, 83 inner experiences, 72 learning activities, 64 linear and nonlinear styles, 91 listening, body, 76 multicultural counseling theories, 63 nondominant race or class, 74 participants, 62 qualitative time, 67 reflection-based learning activities, 67 self-assessment, 61, 87 SNS, 77 social projection, 63 sociocultural approach, 76 subjective and objective inquiries, 64 unawareness, 87 unconscious perception, 75 writing activity, 64, 65 yoga, 77 Psychodynamic and humanistic theories, 416 Psychoeducation, 32 Psychological assessment, 391 Psychological disorders, 251 Q Qualitative time, 67 Queer theory, 202 Queer theory s foundation, 202 Quick fix, 251

6 442 R Race and socioeconomic class, 258 Racial prejudice, 102 Racialized socialization, 30, 34 Racism CBRI, 112 cognitive distortion, 109 dismantling institutional and governmental, 121 factors, 110 genomic studies, 106 individualism orientation, 107 ingroup favoritism, 112 learning activities, 111 meta-analysis, 106 microaggressions, 113 multicultural textbooks, 99 phenotypic characteristics, 97 racial groups, 98 racialization, 100 rationalization, 123 reconceptualize race, 99 social categorization theory, 105 social projection, 102 socialization, 100 socialization process, 108 societal and cultural practices, 105 societal system, 108 stereotyping and prejudice, 122 Reflection-based learning activities, 247 Reflective and experiential learning activities, 337 Right wing authoritarianism (RWA), 168 Role-taking, 410 S Science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), 137 Self-assessment, , 181 Self-confirming process, 44 Self-dialogue, 22 Self-schema, 150 Self-talk, 22 Self-verbalization, 22 Sex and gender, 133, 134 Sexism, 162 cultural level, 155 dichotomous and hierarchical thinking, 151, 152 and ethnocentrism, 153 gender discrimination, 134 gender equality-based programs, 155 gender prejudice, 135 gender-appropriate behaviors, 152 group membership, 153 inappropriate thinking and intrapersonal communication, 152 institutional level, 154 intentionally/unintentionally oppress women, 153 intimate partner violence, 135 personal relationships, 154 policy changes, 154 and racism, 135 reflection-based learning activities, 135, 152, 153 respect, justice and equality, 153 social power, 135 socialization, 153 violence and hostility, 155 workable solutions, 154 Sexual identity, 134 Sexual orientation, 114, 133, Single attitude model, 345 Social and emotional aspects of learning (SEAL), 52 Social categorization theory, 105, 161, block construction task, 136 cultural values, 139 distortion, 136 epistemic function, 136 experimental design, 136 gender equality, 139 gendered behavior, 138 gendered beliefs, 136, 137 intellectual curiosity, 139 patriarchal ideology, 137 reflection-based learning activities, 139, 140 social agents, 136 sociocultural context, 137, 139 STEM, 137 young and older groups, 136 Social construction theory, 133 Social dominance orientation (SDO), 248, 293 Social dominance theory, 190, , 247, 275 Social learning theory, Social model s postulation, 244 Social projection theory, Social psychology, 146, 264 Socialization process, 254, 294 Sociocultural contexts, 133, 283 Sociocultural self, 150 Sociocultural-political changes, 187 South Korea, 230 The Spirit catches you and you fall down, 89

7 443 Stereotypes, 252 Systemic gender oppression/privilege female partner s opinion, 145 gender privilege, 142 gendered organizational cultures and policies, 144 hierarchical thinking, 143 individual s social identity, 143 interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships, 145 intersectionality, 143 masculine management styles, 144 organizational and institutional gender equality programs, 143 phenotypic characteristics, 143 practice identifying, 145, 146 racial groups, 143 reflection-based learning activities, 144, 145 sexual discrimination and sexism, 143 Systemic oppression, 100, 101, 105, 109, 110, 119, 120, 122, 123, Systemic privilege, 253 T Takaki s book, 41, 42 Theory to practice, age, 325 class experience, 323 deconstructing hierarchical thinking, 317 deconstructing inappropriate thinking styles, 311 deconstructing through transformative learning, diligent and mindful practice, disability/impairment, 324 dominant identity and personal bias, 329 gender, 321 internalized oppression/privilege and thinking styles/patterns, 319 language, 326 multiple identities, 320 race, 320 rational and an affective transformative process, 319 reasons for challenge dichotomous and hierarchical thinking, 311 dominant White Eurocentric worldview, 311 heterosexism and homophobia, 312 ingroup favoritism, 313 multicultural population, 312 single identity, 312 social justice and equity, 312 social psychology, 313 societal/institutional levels, 312 sociocultural contexts, 312 region, 328 religion, 327 sexual orientation, 322 transformation at the institutional level, uncensored writing, 311 Thinking style, 289, Thinking style and assessments client s family members, 392 control talk, 392 issues, 393 multiple identities and dominant identity ratings, rating scale for acculturation, reactive listening, 392 sexual orientation, 392 verbal communication and interpreting, 392 Transference, Transformation through uncensored writing, 164, 170, 172, 176 Transformative learning, 1, 10, 12, 14, 51 55, 103, 200, 235 Transformative learning experiences, 91 Transformative learning to dismantle sexism, 133 Transgender identities automatic activating system, 167 cognitive neuroscience, 167 discrete categorization, 167 domain-specific ontological beliefs, 167 genderqueer, 166 ingroup vs. outgroup, preschool children, 167 social categorization theory, 166 systemic and internalized trans oppression, transgender man, 166 transgender woman, 166 unconscious and automatic activation, trans stereotypes and prejudice, Western ideology, 168 Transphobia, 161, 162, 177, 178 U Unconscious and automatic activation, 201, 257 Unconscious and automatic activation, gender stereotypes and prejudice,

8 444 US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), 243 US social system, 279 V Victim vs. agent, W Western allopathic medicine, 90 Western ideology, 206 Western Psychological Association, 292 White privilege, 100, 101, 104 White racial consciousness (WRC) model, Y Yoga, 77 Youthful appearance, 276 Youthful forever, 276