Student Workbook Volume 2

Transcription

1 Student Workbook Volume 2 America s First Nationally Accredited College of Hypnotherapy Copyright Panorama Publishing ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No reproduction without express written consent. 1

2 Volume #2 2.1 Hypnotic Modalities 2.2 Neuro Linguistic Programming Part I 2.3 Neuro Linguistic Programming Part II 2.4 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.5 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.6 Clinical Case Presentation Where Success is not an accident HMI Distance Education Copyright Panorama Publishing ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No reproduction without express written consent. 2

3 Hypnotic Modalities 2.1 HYPNOTIC MODALITIES LEARNING OBJECTIVES As you complete this learning area, you should understand and be able to explain The definition of a hypnotic modality The three necessary ingredients for a hypnotic modality Recognize hypnotic modalities in society regardless of the context in which they are presented. SUGGESTED READING Professional Hypnotism Manual - John G. Kappas Ph.D. Neuro-Linguistic Programming - Ditts, Grinder, Bandler & Delozie Patterns I: The Hypnotic Techniques of Milton Erickson - D. Gordon and M. Myers-Anderson The Right Brain Thomas R. Blakeslu RESOURCES Your Class Lesson Workbook and Notes Your HMI Tutor LEARNING APPROACH The recommended approach to learning this area is to view the videotape instruction, review the information contained in this chapter of your Student Hand book. 3

4 Hypnotic Modalities 2.1 INTRODUCTION Hypnosis exists in many different forms in society. Just because something doesn t call itself hypnosis doesn t mean that it isn t hypnosis. As Hypnotists, it is our responsibility to recognize hypnosis regardless of what shape or form it takes in society. Once recognized we can then examine it objectively and critically to better understand its elements. Such critical examination can only lead us to a better understanding of hypnosis and help us to hone our skills and craft. DEFINITION OF HYPNOTIC MODALITY For the purposes of this class we will define a hypnotic modality as: Anything that attempts to control or modify human behavior through the influence or creation of belief systems. THREE NECESSARY INGREDIENTS There are three necessary ingredients for any hypnotic modality to be effective. These ingredients are synergistic in that they must all be present at the same time and working together in order for the hypnotic modality to be effective. Leave out any one element and the modality will fall short of its goal. A modality s effectiveness can be measured and even predicted by the strength of presence of the three ingredients. INGREDIENT #1: AUTHORITY/ONE-UPS-MANSHIP The first ingredient necessary in order for any hypnotic modality to be effective is authority. The subject must perceive the presenter of the hypnotic modality as an authority figure in order for him to even consider the acceptance of the message being presented. Authority is achieved through the process of one-ups-man ship. The first process of one-ups-manship is establishing control over the environment. Many times a social struggle exists between presenter and subject over control of the environment and the establishment of authority. If the presenter fails to prevail in that battle of one-ups-manship then the modality will be ineffective. 4

5 Hypnotic Modalities 2.1 One-ups-manship can take many forms. A common example is Special Clothes. Special clothes are used to socially separate the presenter from the subject. When you go see a doctor and if he showed up in jeans he may not have the same effect on the subject had he worn a suit with a lab coat. Many speakers make use of a podium and stage. Most professionals make use of diplomas and credentials on the office wall. When examining a hypnotic modality you should note the one-upsmanship techniques of the presenter. INGREDIENT #2: DOCTRINE/PARADIGM/TRANSLOGIC Ingredient #2 can be presented in any of the following three formats. Each one can be considered a lower level of the previous one. For example the first and highest level of element #2 is a doctrine. The doctrine is the written form of a theory or message. This usually comes in the form of a book. An example of a doctrine is the Bible, the Koran, etc. Many times the doctrine is said to be written or inspired by an even higher authority than the presenter himself. The next lower format below the doctrine is the paradigm. A paradigm is a theory or model of how something works. The paradigm has not yet evolved into a book but rather is presented verbally sometime utilizing charts or graphs. The lowest level format of element #2 is translogic. Translogic is not quite as evolved as a paradigm or a doctrine. In fact it is called translogic because it is transitory (temporary) logic. It is called transitory logic because it only makes sense for a very short period of time. Regardless of whether the modality relies on a doctrine, paradigm, or translogic, ingredient #2 is essential for satisfying the critical area of the mind s need for a logical reason. In order for the message to be accepted you must satisfy the need for logic and reason in order for the message to be accepted. The doctrine/paradigm/translogic used by the presenter must be made to fit the existing belief systems of the subject and not vice versa. 5

6 Hypnotic Modalities 2.1 INGREDIENT #3: OVERLOAD/INTERNAL EXPERIENCE Ingredient #3 is perhaps the most important ingredient. The purpose of element #3 is to create an overload of message units so as to gain access to the reactive part of the mind (sub-conscious). If access to the reactive part of the mind is not gained, the message of the presenter will be dealt with solely with logic and reason and will not affect the belief system of the subject. If we are not able to reach and affect the belief system of the subject, the message will have little or no effect on the subject s behavior. This element is called overload/internal experience because the purpose of the overload is to create an internal emotional and a physical experience within the subject. The most important thing that could be said about this element is that the subject must FEEL SOMETHING!. Once the subject feels it then they experience it as real and must believe it. How do we get the subject to feel it? We get the subject to feel it by creating an overload of message units, triggering an internal experience and attributing that internal experience to the message being presented via the paradigm. CONCLUSIONS The more skilled you become at identifying the three key ingredients present in all the various hypnotic modalities presented to you within your HMI training and in the world in general. This skill and exercise will assist you to become aware and in control of these three ingredients within your hypnotic modality presentation. The job of a professional Hypnotherapist can perhaps be described as one of PROFESSIONAL BELIEF SYSTEM ENHANCER. In striving to be a true craftsman, the hypnotherapist should strive to master as many different hypnotic modalities as possible. While pursuing that goal the hypnotherapist must remain focused on the three key ingredients underlying those modalities and never allow himself to become lost in his own beliefs about the validity of the paradigm presented. The paradigm is not about fact or fiction, but rather merely one of the necessary three ingredients for the success of a hypnotic modality. 6

7 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 NEURO LINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES As you complete this learning area, you should be proficient in the following areas: Knowledge: Understand the basis of Neuro Linguistic Programming Comprehension: Basic NLP techniques and how to apply them in therapy Application: Able to build rapport with clients and use the NLP Model of Communication LEARNING APPROACH The recommended approach to learning this area is to: Refer to the Workbook for this lesson while watching the streaming video, taking notes as needed Review your notes, Workbook pages and class streaming videos Complete the open-book quiz Practice the techniques covered in this class RESOURCES Your Class Lesson Workbook and Notes Your HMI Tutor CONTINUING EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES Reading Materials: Using Your Brain for a Change by Richard Bandler Magic of NLP Demystified by Lewis & Pucelik Instant Rapport by Michael Brooks NLP: The New Technology of Achievement by Steve Andreas American Hypnosis Association: 7

8 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 WHAT IS NEURO LINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING? Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) is a model of how we communicate to ourselves and others. It is a methodology based on the presupposition that all behavior has a structure that can be modeled, learned, taught and changed. In other words, NLP is how to use the language of the mind to consistently achieve our specific and desired outcomes. It is the study of human excellence! Neuro This is the nervous system of the mind through which our experience is processed through our five senses: Visual Auditory Kinesthetic Olfactory Gustatory Linguistic Language and other nonverbal communication systems through which our neural representations are coded, ordered and given meaning. Pictures Sounds Feelings Tastes Smells Words (Self Talk) Programming The ability to discover and utilize the programs that we run (our communication to ourselves and others) in our neurological systems to achieve our specific and desired outcomes. 8

9 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 NLP MODEL OF COMMUNICATION AND PERSONALITY NLP was originated in the 1970 s by John Grinder, a Linguistics Professor at the University of Santa Cruz, and Richard Bandler, whose background was in mathematics and computers. Bandler began his initial work modeling Gestalt Therapist, Fritz Perls, and Virginia Satir, who was a well known family therapist. Richard Bandler later studied the therapeutic approach of Hypnotherapist, Milton Erickson, who mastered the art of using indirect suggestions and metaphors with his clients. From these findings, NLP explains what happens when we receive information that comes in from the outside world, and how it is processed internally to create our behaviors. One of the NLP presuppositions is that The Map is not the Territory and that the internal representations which we make about an event are not necessarily the event itself. What we believe to be fact is only our internal perception of reality! Typically, what happens when we experience an External Event is that our mind (neurology) runs the event though our internal processing and our sensory input channels. These 5 senses are: Visual: This is what we see or the way someone looks at us. Auditory This includes sounds, the words we hear and the way that people say those words to us with tone of voice and inflections. Kinesthetic Your external feelings, which may include the touch of someone or something, as well as pressure, temperature and texture. Olfactory This is your sense of smell. Gustatory This is your sense of taste. As we process the event, we Delete, Distort, and Generalize the information according to the elements that filter our perception such as language, beliefs, values, decisions, meta programs, and memories. We then make an Internal Representation (I/R) of the event. This will include our internal pictures, sounds, inner dialogue and our feelings. 9

10 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 That (I/R) of the event combines with our Physiology and creates a State. State refers to the emotional processing of an individual such as a happy state, a sad state, a motivated state, and so on. Our Behavior is therefore a result of how we filter information and respond to the events in our daily life. 10

11 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 HOW OUR MIND FILTERS OUR EXTERNAL EVENTS The basis of NLP is that people process external information with internal filters. The question that is often asked is that when two people have the same external stimulus, why don t they have the same response? The answer is because we delete, distort and generalize the information from the outside based on our perception of the event. DELETION The first of the 3 major processes that filter our perception is Deletion. Deletion occurs when we selectively pay attention to certain aspects of our experience and not others. We then overlook or omit details. We take in millions of bits of information per day. Without deletion, we would be faced with much too much information to handle with our conscious mind. DISTORTION The second is Distortion, which occurs when we make shifts in our experience of sensory data by making misrepresentations of reality. In Eastern philosophy, there is a well-known story of distortion using the rope versus snake analogy. A man walking along the road sees what he believes to be a snake and yells SNAKE. However, upon arriving at that place, he is relieved, as he discovers that what he sees is really only a piece of rope. Distortion also helps us in the process of motivating ourselves. The process of motivation occurs when we actually distort the material that has come to us and is then changed by one of our filtering systems. GENERALIZATION The third process is Generalization, where we draw global conclusions based on one or two experiences. At its best, generalization is one of the ways that we learn. We take all of the information we have and draw broad conclusions about the meaning of the effect of those conclusions. Normally, the conscious mind can only handle 7 (plus or minus) 2 items of information at any given time. Try this: Can you name more than 7 brands of cars or 9 different colors without needing to pause and think about it? Most people will be able to name 2 or maybe 3 items in a category of low interest and usually no more than 9 in a category of high interest. If we didn t actively delete information all the time, we d end up with much too much information 11

12 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 coming in. In fact, you may have heard that psychologists say that if we were simultaneously aware of all of the sensory information that was coming in we would go crazy! Remember, an overload of stimulus creates a hyper-suggestible state, otherwise known as hypnosis! How we Delete, Distort, and Generalize is helpful to know when working with your clients in hypnotherapy. TIME/SPACE & MATTER/ENERGY Some of the ways we organize our stored memories is by using our sense of time and the boundary space around us. We often take into consideration what matters to us in our personal and professional life and how we use our energy. People who have low or negative energy may see situations in a less favorable light while others who demonstrate more positive energy may see the brighter side of things. Like the old saying; do you see the glass as ½ empty or ½ full. What is your perception of the glass? Maybe you do not even see the glass at all! LANGUAGE Most people understand language as how we communicate with words. Understanding language patterns using NLP allows us to take into consideration not only the spoken word, but also the verbal and non verbal patterns. Language consists of how we hear a person s words, tone of voice, and also what we observe in their body language. This includes facial expressions, eye contact, and even breathing patterns. MEMORIES Another way our mind filters information is through our memories. In fact, some psychologists believe that as we get older, our reactions in the present are actually reactions to gestalts (collections of memories which are organized in a certain way) of past memories, and that the present plays a very small part in our behavior. DECISIONS Decisions can create beliefs or may just affect our perceptions through time. The problem with many decisions is that they were made either unconsciously or at a very early age, and are forgotten. These filters will determine our internal representation (I/R) of an event that is occurring right now. It is our internal representation that puts us in 12

13 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 a certain state, and creates a certain physiology. The state in which we find ourselves, will determine our behavior. Every experience we encounter is something that we literally makeup inside our heads. We do not experience reality directly since we are always deleting, distorting, and generalizing. Essentially, what we do experience is our experience of the territory, and not the territory itself. In a study of communication at the University of Pennsylvania in 1970, the researchers determined that in communication, 7% of what we communicate is the result of the words that we say, or the content of our communication. The other 93% of our communication is all non-verbal! META-PROGRAMS BELIEFS Meta Programs are advanced patterns of thinking that control what you perceive about an event, and how to change it. They are the mental processes which manage, guide, and direct other mental processes. In other words, they are processes that work at a higher level than the mental processes they affect. You could compare Meta Programs to a thermostat which controls whether your air conditioning system is turned on or off, or like computer programming, in which one program controls the execution of a number of other programs in order to function properly. One important point about Meta Programs is they are not good or bad, nor right or wrong. They are just the way someone handles information they are receiving based on their internal filters. Knowing someone s Meta Programs can actually help you clearly and closely predict people s states and, therefore predict their actions. Beliefs are generalizations about how the world is. One of the important elements in modeling is to find a person s beliefs about the particular behavior we are trying to model. Richard Bandler says, Beliefs are those things we can t get around. Beliefs are the presuppositions that we have about the way the world is that either create or deny personal power to us. So, beliefs are essentially our on/off switch for our ability to do anything in the world. In the process of working with someone s beliefs, it s important to elicit or find out what beliefs they have that cause them to do what they do. We also want to find out the disenabling beliefs, which are beliefs that do not allow them to do what they want to do. In NLP we say that Perception is Projection. What you perceive to be true is what you will project on to others and out into the world. 13

14 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 VALUES AND ATTITUDES Values are essentially an evaluation filter. They are how we decide whether our actions are good or bad, or right or wrong. They are also how we decide about how we feel about our actions. Values are arranged in a hierarchy with the most important one typically being at the top and lesser ones below that. We all have different perceptions of everything around us, and our values are the result of our model of the world. When we communicate with ourselves or someone else, if our model of the world conflicts with our values or their values, then there s going to be a conflict. Richard Bandler says; Values are those things we don t have a tendency to live up to. Values are what people typically move toward or away from. They are our attractions or repulsion s in life. They are essentially a deep, unconscious belief system about what s important, and what is good or bad to us. Values change with context too. That is, you probably have certain values about what you want in a relationship and what you want in business. Your values about what you want in one and in the other may be quite different. And actually, if they re not, it s possible that you may have trouble with both. Since values are context related, they may also be state related, although values are definitely less related to a person s state rather than beliefs. Our attitude is a combination of our memories and the decisions we make in life. It is how we think and feel about our beliefs, and the expression of these beliefs. 14

15 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 PRESUPPOSITIONS OF NLP Presuppositions are convenient assumptions we make about the world around us and the events that we encounter. Mnemonic Device R E S P E C T U R - W O R L D 1. Respect for the other person s model of the world. 2. Behavior and change are to be evaluated in terms of context and Ecology. 3. Resistance in a client is a Sign of a lack of rapport. There are no resistant clients, only inflexible communicators. Effective communicators accept and utilize all communication strategies presented to them. 4. People are not their behaviors. Accept the person - Change the behavior. 5. Everyone is doing the best they can with the resources they have available. Behavior is geared for adaptation and present behavior is the best choice available. Every behavior is motivated by a positive intent. 6. Calibrate on Behavior. The most important information about a person is that person s behavior. 7. The map is not the Territory. The words we use are NOT the event or the item they represent. 8. (U) You are in charge of your mind, and therefore your results and I am also in charge of my mind and therefore my results. 9. People have all the Resources they need to succeed and to achieve their desired outcomes. There are no unresourceful people, only unresourceful states. 10. All procedures should increase Wholeness 11. There is ONLY feedback! There is no failure, only feedback. 12. The meaning of communication is the Response you get. 13. The Law of Requisite Variety. The system or person with the most flexibility of behavior will control the system. 15

16 2/19/15 NLP 2.2 RAPPORT An important concept in NLP is building rapport to help clients reach their desired outcomes. When people are like each other, they like each other. Rapport is a process of responsiveness, not necessarily liking another person. It creates a feeling of trust and safety so that one can be receptive to communication. Studies have shown that only 7% of our actual communication is verbal and the remaining 93% is non-verbal. Theory: Communication is made up of: 7% WORDS 38% TONALITY 55% BODY LANGUAGE WORDS Predicates Key words Content chunks TONALITY Vocal Tone (pitch) Tempo (speed) Timbre (quality) Volume (loudness) BODY LANGUAGE Physiology Posture Gestures Facial expressions Breathing Process: Rapport is established by Matching & Mirroring a person s physiology, tone of voice or words, and then Pacing & Leading them to achieve a desired outcome or create change. 16

17 2/15/15 NLP 2.3 NEURO LINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING 2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES As you complete this learning area, you should be proficient in the following areas: Knowledge: Understand the basis of Neuro Linguistic Programming Comprehension: Well Formed Outcomes, Strategies and Non Verbal Communication Application: Able to build rapport using Sensory Aquity with Predicates and Eye Patterns LEARNING APPROACH The recommended approach to learning is to: Refer to the Workbook for this lesson while watching the streaming video, taking notes as needed Review your notes, Workbook pages and class streaming videos Complete the open-book quiz Practice the techniques covered in this class RESOURCES Your Class Lesson Workbook and Notes Your HMI Tutor CONTINUING EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES Reading Materials: The Power of Business Rapport by Dr. Michael Brooks Modeling With NLP by Robert Dilts Changing Belief Systems with NLP by Robert Dilts American Hypnosis Association: 17

18 2/15/15 NLP 2.3 BASIC REVIEW OF NLP NLP stands for Neuro Linguistic Programming and is the study of excellence. It was created by Richard Bandler and John Grinder in the 1970 s. The NLP approach was based on modeling various behavioral therapists and their successful work with their clientele. NLP is a methodology based on the presupposition that all behavior has a positive intention, and that the structure of behavior can be modeled, learned, taught and changed. NLP is the study of what works and the study of subjective experience. It is the HOW people do what they do, not the WHY of the behavioral model of the mind. It is the science of modeling the patterns of human behavior. NLP explores the inner workings of the human mind. It is how we think, how we develop our desired outcomes, how we motivate ourselves, make connections, and give meaning to our experiences. FIVE PRINCIPLES FOR SUCCESS 1. Know your outcome. 2. Take action. 3. Have sensory acuity. 4. Have behavioral flexibility. 5. Operate from a physiology and psychology of excellence. 18

19 2/15/15 NLP 2.3 WELL FORMED CONDITIONS FOR DESIRED OUTCOME 1. Stated in positive terms. 2. Initiated and maintained by client. 3. Specific sensory-based description of outcome and the steps needed to get there. 4. Must be ecological. 5. More than one way to get the outcome. 6. First step is specified and achievable. 7. Does it increase choice? KEYS TO AN ACHIEVABLE OUTCOME Begin by asking yourself: How is it possible that I (they) don t have it now? 1. State your desired outcome in the positive. What specifically do you want? 2. Specify your present situation. Where are you now? (You want to be associated seeing through your own eyes) 3. Specify outcome. What will you see, hear and feel when you have your outcome. Make compelling. Insert into future. Be sure future picture is dissociated which is seeing yourself outside of the picture. 19

20 2/15/15 NLP Specify the evidence procedure to achieve your outcome. How will you know when you have your outcome? 5. Is it congruently desirable? What will this outcome get for you or allow you to do? 6. Is your desired outcome self-initiated and can it be selfmaintained? Is it only for you? Are you doing it for others? 7. Is it appropriately contextualized? Where, when, how, and with whom do you want your outcome? 8. What resources are needed? What do you have now, and what do you need to get your outcome? Have you ever had or done this before? Do you know anyone who has? Can you act as if you have it? 9. Is it ecological? Is it safe for you, others and the environment. For what purpose do you want this? What will you gain or lose if you have it? 20

21 2/15/15 NLP 2.3 OBSERVING OTHER PEOPLE SENSORY ACUITY: The NLP model observes that people make changes from moment to moment and that those changes have meaning if you have enough Sensory Acuity. Sensory Acuity is the ability to observe subtle shifts in physiology, and verbal or non verbal communication in a person. We can see these changes in the following examples: 1. Skin Color Light Dark 2. Skin Tonus (The Tone of the Muscles) Shiny Not Shiny 3. Breathing Rate Fast Slow Location High Low 4. Lower Lip Size Lines No Lines 5. Eyes Focus Focused Defocused Pupil Dilation Dilated Not dilated 21

22 2/15/15 NLP 2.3 FAVORED REPRESENTATIONAL SYSTEMS V: Visual People who are visual often stand or sit with their heads and bodies erect and with their eyes up. They will be breathing from the top of their lungs. They often sit forward in their chair and tend to be organized, neat, wellgroomed and orderly. They memorize by seeing pictures, and are less distracted by noise. They often have trouble remembering verbal instructions because their minds tend to wander. A visual person will be interested in how your program LOOKS. Appearances are important. A: Auditory People who are auditory will move their eyes. They breathe from the middle of their chest. They typically talk to themselves, and easily distracted by noise. Some even move their lips when they talk to themselves. They can repeat things back to you easily, they learn by listening and usually like music and talking on the phone. They memorize by steps, procedures, and sequences. The auditory person likes to be TOLD how they re doing and responds to your tone of voice or set of words. They are interested in what you have to say about your program. K: Kinesthetic People who are kinesthetic will typically be breathing from the bottom of their lungs, so you ll see their stomach go in and out when they breathe. They often move and talk very slowly. They respond to physical rewards and touching. They also stand closer to people than a visual person. They memorize by doing or walking through something. They will be interested in your program if FEELS right. A d: Auditory Digital This person will spend a fair amount of time talking to themselves. They will want to know if your program makes sense. The auditory digital person can also exhibit characteristics from the other major VAK representational systems above. 22

23 2/15/15 NLP 2.3 PREDICATES VISUAL AUDITORY KINESTHETIC see hear feel look listen touch view sounds grasp appear make music get hold of show harmonize slip dawn tune in/out catch reveal be all ears tap into envision rings a bell make contact illuminate silence throw imagine be heard turn clear resonate hard foggy deaf unfeeling focused mellifluous concrete crystal question get a handle 23

24 2/15/15 NLP EYE PATTERN CHART Use this eye pattern chart as an example of how normally organized people process information when you are facing the other person. V C A C K V R A R A D V c V r A c A r K A d = Visual Constructed or Created = Visual Remembered or Recalled = Auditory Constructed or Created = Auditory Remembered or Recalled = Kinesthetic (Feelings) = Auditory Digital (Self-talk) 24

25 2/15/15 NLP EYE PATTERNS V c : Visual Constructed / Created Images of things that people have never seen before. If people make things up in their head they are visual constructed. QUESTION: What would your room look like if it were blue? V r : Visual Remembered / Recalled Seeing images from memory, recalling things they have seen before. In addition, some people access visual remembered by defocusing their eyes. QUESTION: What color was the room you grew up in? A c : Auditory Constructed / Created Making up sounds that you have not heard before. QUESTION: What would I sound like if I had Donald Duck s voice? A r : Auditory Remembered / Recalled When you remember sounds or voices that you ve heard before, or things that you have said to yourself before. QUESTION: Can you remember the sound of your mother s voice? K: Kinesthetic Feelings, sense of touch. Generally you look in this direction when you are accessing your feelings about an event. QUESTION: What does it feel like to step on a wet rug? A d : Auditory Digital: This is where your eyes go when you are talking to yourself. QUESTION: Can you recite the alphabet to yourself? 25

26 2/15/15 NLP STRATEGIES Definition: A specific syntax of external and internal experiences which consistently produces a specific outcome or goal. Human experience is an endless series of representations. To deal with this endless sequence, it is useful to suspend the process, and contextualize it in terms of outcomes. It is the HOW of all behavior, and the key component of NLP Modeling. The Components: Elicitation: The first step is to discover the person s strategy through the process of elicitation. Utilization: The next step is to utilize the strategy by feeding back information to the person in the order, and sequence that it was elicited. Change: The next step is to then be able to change the strategy so that it produces the desired outcome. Installation: We then may want to install a new strategy if needed. Types of strategies: Strategies involve everything we do! All our daily activity is generated, maintained by our internal strategies. Whether or not we finish what we do is governed by a strategy. We have strategies for... Love Decision Relaxation Hate Motivation Tension Learning Happiness Fun Forgetting Sex Boredom Parenting Eating Marketing Sports Health Wealth Communication Disease Depression Sales Creativity Poverty 26

27 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 ERICKSONIAN HYPNOSIS LEARNING OBJECTIVES As you complete this learning area, you should understand and be able to explain Milton Erickson and his background The indirect approach to hypnosis Erickson s hypnotic techniques SUGGESTED READING Uncommon Therapy - Jay Haley Patterns I: The Hypnotic Techniques of Milton Erickson - Richard Bandler & John Grinder Phoenix - D. Gordon & Maribeth Myers-Anderson RESOURCES Your Class Lesson Workbook and Notes Your Tutor LEARNING APPROACH The recommended approach to learning this area is to review the information contained in this chapter of your Student Workbook, practice an arm raising using Ericksonian techniques, and practice the Ericksonian techniques of indirect suggestion. 27

28 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 INTRODUCTION Milton H. Erickson, MD ( ) was a pioneer in the field of hypnotherapy. He is widely recognized as the father of modern hypnosis and brief strategic therapy, and did more to legitimize the field of hypnosis in the modern era than any other practitioner. He was both a Psychiatrist and a Psychologist. He was the founding President of the American Foundation of Hypnosis. Erickson was also a pioneer in the field of hypnosis for the deaf by using nonverbal methods of communication. Erickson had polio when he was seventeen and was told that he would be disabled for the rest of his life. However, during the course of his illness he noticed how the small babies in his family learned to move their hands and legs, and he modeled these behaviors in an attempt to cure his disabled body. He spent the next year learning how to tell the position of his arms and legs and was able to walk again, even to the point of being able to control his limp. Although unaware of it at the time, he was utilizing hypnotic principles to cure himself. Due to his intense observations, he was made aware of acute sensory perception at the level of non-verbal communication, and this helped him later in inventing non-conventional Ericksonian Hypnosis. At eighteen, he enrolled at the University of Wisconsin in both Medicine and Psychology. He took a seminar in hypnosis from Clark Hull, and became fascinated with the subject. By the fourth year of college, he had gained a reputation as a hypnotist. Dr. Erickson s work was the inspiration and foundation for such innovative therapies as Bandler and Grinder s NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming), and Steve de Shazer s Solution Talk Therapy, the interactionalist approach of Haley, Watzlawick, Fisch, et.al at M.R.I, brief therapy, and the refined use of metaphor, paradox, confusion, therapeutic tasks, reframing, and many other advances. Naturalistic and conversational hypnosis as well as strategic interaction, metaphors, tasks, and the personal qualities of the therapist are the major therapeutic tools. Erickson felt that the key to being a good therapist was to be a good observer, perceiving that the client knew at some level what was needed to bring about the required resolution. Ericksonian hypnosis and Psychotherapy represents a flexible, individualized approach which accepts and utilizes the client s unique experiences, processing style, and frame of reference. Erickson believed that the unconscious mind was a repository of wisdom and experiences from which personal resources could be accessed and mobilized. This line of thinking contributed to his development of the use of indirect, or inferred inductions

29 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 INDIRECT APPROACH Milton Erickson presupposed that clients have the resources and answers they need within themselves. Therefore, the indirect approach to therapy is a vehicle that binds the therapist and the client in the process of co-creating a context for change. The traditional approach to therapy favors the use of direct suggestion which could be used by experts to tell observed subjects just what they should do to improve from the problems they bring to the office. Indirect suggestion, on the other hand, is presented so that a client will identify that portion which is of subjective value and apply it to the process of retrieving and associating experiences needed to reach the current goals. Indirect suggestion assumes an active and participating client with a certain innate wisdom. The therapist learns from the response of the client when to elaborate the presented ambiguity in even more helpful ways. In the indirect approach, the individual will respond better if they are given options and are not told what to do. The indirect responses work well if they feel they are making their own decision (inferred comments vs. literal commands). Use of Suggestion Indirection, Metaphor Meaning of Symptom Solution TRADITIONAL THERAPY Direct, authoritarian If done by a client it is an indication of primary process, a sign of client regression Internal conflict, not well defended Due to insight, ego strengthening, internal conflict resolution EMERGENT THERAPY Indirect, permissive Resource retrieval, allowing client to create a unique response, an experiential context which helps build a bridge for learning A communication about developmental needs Development of a new relational pattern and creative response to environment. Based on an indirect or more permissive approach, resolution of the problem would reflect loss of the symptom, development of adaptive relationships with those persons in the current social environment, and the acquisition of new skills for handling developmental demands

30 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 ERICKSONIAN PRINCIPLES Erickson advanced the traditional model of hypnosis by following a series of principles. They are used to build a specific set pattern that the subject can experience. Some of these principles include, but are not limited to: 1. Guide Attention When working with your client you want to guide the attention to increase their internal experience. As you listen to my voice you notice the shifting focus of your eyes and the altered rhythm of your breathing? Also, you want to guide the attention to an experience of the immediate moment for the purpose of increasing or decreasing perception of the experience. 2. Build Responsiveness Using the indirect suggestions from the Milton Model Language Patterns, the subject will later respond fully to minimal cues. 3. Utilize confusion to disrupt the conscious mind Confusion is a part of the induction of hypnosis whether or not the operator realizes it. When an operator is inducing hypnosis they are going through a three step process: a. Pacing the experience b. Using confusion to disrupt the conscious action c. Patterns the new unconscious response you want the client to have. This is the essence of giving suggestions. That s right. You don t think you re in a trance yet because you have not asked me the question that will let you begin now to go into trance and just how soon will you notice the shifting focus of your eyes? Should it be a light trance or would going deeper make you feel more of a difference? 4. Guiding the Associations To guide their thinking process by getting the client to access a memory and the notice the new associations or reframes that might be useful. Many learning s can be gotten from the past events

31 Ericksonian Hypnosis Promote Disassociation By discussing the client is doing more than one thing at a time. What is it like to be here and there at the same time? The behavior should be experienced in an automatic disassociated way so the client can notice the arm coming up and have the experience of not consciously doing the movement. METAPHOR A distinctive part of Milton Erickson s therapy was his use of teaching tales which, through shock, surprise or confusion together with generous use of questions, puns and playful humor helped people to see their situations in a completely new light. Erickson used metaphor as a method of indirect intervention from early on in his work. Metaphor offered ambiguity for the client to develop his or her own unique response to a particular problem. As early as 1944 Erickson used a complex story to help stimulate a client s neurotic mechanisms, utilizing what he called fabricated case histories to help relieve symptoms. Ultimately, the system or metaphor that he developed included the client and activated their creative potential. MILTON MODEL LANGUAGE PATTERNS Through intense study of Milton Erickson s language patterns, the co-creators of NLP, Richard Bandler and John Grinder, put together a description of the hypnotic language patterns developed by Erickson. The Milton Model is an unspecified and vague way of using language designed to bypass conscious resistance by making statements that sound specific yet are general enough to be an adequate pace for the listener s experience. 1. MIND READ Claiming to know the thoughts or feelings of another without specifying the process by which you came to know the information. I know you are wondering You are curious about hypnosis

32 Ericksonian Hypnosis LOST PERFORMATIVE Value judgments where the performer of the value judgment is left out. And it s a good thing to wonder (Who says it s a good thing?) 3. CAUSE & EFFECT Where it is implied that one thing causes another. You make me angry That makes me happy a. The weakest kind of linkage makes use of conjunction to connect otherwise unrelated phenomena. You are listening to the sound of my voice, and you can begin to relax. b. The second kind of linkage connects statements by establishing a connection in time. During, while, soon, when, such as, as you then you, if then So as soon as you notice your breathing becoming more rhythmic, then you will c. The third and strongest linkage uses words actually stating causality. Because you ve made the first step of coming in for therapy, then that allows 4. COMPLEX EQUIVALENCE Where two things are equated as their meanings being equivalent. That means 5. PRESUPPOSITION The linguistic equivalent of assumptions. You are learning many things 6. UNIVERSAL QUANTIFIER A set of words having: a. a universal generalization and b. no referential index Words like: always, every time, never, ever, nobody. Etc. And now you can go all the way into a trance. Every thought that you have can assist you in going deeper into a trance. 7. MODAL OPERATOR 30 32

33 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 Words which implies possibility or necessity, that indicate lack of choice such as: should, must, have to, can t, won t, etc. Have you noticed that you can t open your eyes? 8. NOMINALIZATION Nominalizations are words that take the place of a noun in a sentence, but they are not tangible; they cannot be touched, felt or heard. Words like curiosity, hypnosis, learning, love, etc. are nominalization. They are used as nouns but they are actually process words. In the following example, the nominalizations are in bold. I know that you have a certain difficulty in your life that you would like to bring to a satisfactory resolution and I m not sure exactly what personal resources you would find most useful in resolving this difficulty, but I do know that your unconscious mind is better able than you or I to search through your experience for exactly those resources. 9. UNSPECIFIED VERB No verb is completely specified, but verbs can be more or less specified. If a hypnotist uses relatively unspecified verbs, the listener is again forced to supply the meaning in order to understand the sentence. Words like do, fix, solve, move, change, wonder, think, sense, know, experience, understand, remember, are all relatively unspecified. 10. TAG QUESTION A question after a statement, designed to displace resistance. Can you not? 11. LACK OF REFERENTIAL INDEX A phrase which does not pick out a specific portion of the listener s experience. One can, you know 12. COMPARATIVE DELETION (Unspecified Comparison) Where the comparison is made and it is not specified as to what or whom it was made. And it s more or less the right thing 31 33

34 Ericksonian Hypnosis PACE CURRENT EXPERIENCE Where client s experience (verifiable, external) is described in a way which is undeniable. You are sitting here, listening to me, looking at me (etc) 14. DOUBLE BIND Offers the illusion of choice. And that means that your unconscious mind is also here, and you can hear (phonological ambiguity) what I say. And since that s the case, you are probably learning about this and already know more at the unconscious level than you think you do, and it s not right for me to tell him, learn this or learn that, let him learn any way he wants, in any order. 15. CONVERSATIONAL POSTULATE The communication has the form of a question, a question to which the response is either a yes or a no. If I want you to do something, what else must be present so that you will do it, and out of your awareness? If allows you to choose to respond or not and avoids authoritarianism. Often they contain Embedded Commands. Do you feel this (punctuation ambiguity) is something you can understand? 16. EXTENDED QUOTE Last week I was with Richard who told me about his training in 1983 at Denver when he talked to someone who said 17. SELECTIONAL RESTRICTIONAL VIOLATION A sentence that is not well formed in that only humans and animals can have feelings. A chair can have feelings 18. AMBIGUITY a. Phonological b. Syntactic Where the function (syntactic) of a word cannot be immediately determined from the immediate context

35 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 They are visiting relatives. c. Scope Where it cannot be determined by linguistic context how much is applied to that sentence by some other portion of the sentence. Speaking to you as a child The old men & women The disturbing noises and thoughts The weight of your hands & feet d. Punctuation I want you to notice your hand me the glass. 19. UTILIZATION Utilize all that happens or is said. Client says: I am not sold Response: That s right you are not sold, yet, because you haven t asked the one question that will have you totally and completely sold. ADDITIONAL MILTON MODEL PATTERNS PRESUPPOSITIONS Presuppositions are linguistic assumptions. The way to determine what is presupposed and not open to question in a sentence is to negate the sentence and find out what is still true. Presuppositions are the most powerful of language patterns, when used by a communicator who presupposes what he or she doesn t want to have questioned. Give the person lots of choices, and yet have all the choices presuppose the response you want. Some examples of presuppositions that are useful in hypnotherapy are: 1. Existence The simplest kind of presupposition. 2. Awareness 33 35

36 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 Words like: know, aware, realize, and notice, etc. can be used to presuppose the rest of the sentence. 3. Time Such clauses begin with words such as: before, after, during, as, since, prior, when, while, etc. 4. Adverb/Adjective Such words can be used to presuppose a major clause in a sentence. Are you curious about your developing trance state? This presupposes that you are developing a trance state: the only question is whether you are curious about it or not. 5. Ordinal Numbers: 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd It might not be until the 3 rd time until you realize just how confident you are. Stacking many kinds of presuppositions in the same sentence makes them particularly powerful. The more that is presupposed, the more difficult it is for the listener to unravel the sentence and question any one presupposition. The following is an example of the use of many presuppositions stacked together: And I don t know how soon you ll realize the learning your unconscious has already made, because it s not important that you know before you ve comfortably continued the process of relaxation and allowed the other you to learn something else of use and delight to you INDIRECT ELICITATION PATTERNS This group of patterns is particularly useful in getting specific responses indirectly, without overtly asking for them. 1. Embedded Commands: Rather than give instructions directly, the Hypnotist can embed directives within a larger sentence structure. You can allow yourself to begin to relax. 2. Embedded Questions: Questions, like commands, can be embedded within a larger sentence structure. I m curious to know what you would like to gain from hypnosis 3. Negative Commands: When a command is given in its negative form, the positive instruction is generally what is responded to. For example, if someone says, Don t think of pink polka dots you have to think of pink polka dots to understand the sentence

37 Ericksonian Hypnosis 2.4 INDIRECT FORM OF SUGGESTION IN ARM RAISING REMEMBER: The indirect response works when the subject is led to believe he or she is making his or her own decisions (inferred comments vs. literal commands) You can lean back in your chair and relax your body while you give YOUR attention to YOUR hands placed on your thighs. (The therapist models to provide nonverbal cues. Both hands rest slightly on the thighs without touching each other.) And now you NOTICE the feeling and texture of your slacks in the tips of your fingers. Now if YOU SENSE the texture of your slacks in your fingertips, it will probably remind YOU of other experiences, of other feelings you have had. Now as you continue to sense this feeling, the texture of the cloth with your gingers, IT IS INTERESTING FOR YOU TO NOTICE your hand getting lighter and lighter. PERHAPS you will feel your hand getting lighter, lighter and lighter. Now I don t know which finger is going to want to move first. And after your fingers start moving, you will probably begin to feel your wrist lifting. As your wrist lifts YOU WILL NOTICE your elbow bending. As your elbow bends IT IS CURIOIUS TO NOTICE that your wrist will lift higher, higher and higher. And as it lifts higher and higher, your eyelids may begin to lower as your hand and wrist lift higher. And as your hand lifts higher, PERHAPS it will move towards your face. And as your hand comes closer to your face, it will PROBABLY move slower, until you are ready to take a deep breath and closer your eyes and go into a deep trance. Your hand is moving slowly towards your face, but you won t go into a trance until your hand touches your face. IN ALL PROBABILITY you will not be able to recognize the trance for some moments. AS YOUR HAND LOWERS INTO YOUR LAP, YOU HAVE AN UNDERSTANDING that it signifies you will continue to go deeper into a trance

38 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 KAPPASINIAN HYPNOSIS LEARNING OBJECTIVES As you complete this learning area, you should understand and be able to explain The importance of the first session as opposed to later sessions The importance of the arm raising induction and the implantation of Post-hypnotic suggestions The historical development of Dr. Kappas methods SUGGESTED READING Professional Hypnotism Manual - John G. Kappas, Ph.D. Improve Your Sex Life Through Self-Hypnosis - John G. Kappas, Ph.D. Self-Hypnosis: The Key to Athletic Success - John G. Kappas, Ph.D. E & P Sexuality: Relationship Strategies - John G. Kappas, Ph.D. RESOURCES Your Class Lesson Workbook and Notes Dr. Kappas Atlanta Series LEARNING APPROACH The recommended approach to learning this area is to review the information contained in this chapter of your Student Workbook, practice an arm raising and conversion.

39 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 INTRODUCTION Dr. John Kappas style includes many elements such as his conceptualization of the Emotional and Physical Suggestibility and Sexuality models and the Mental Bank Program. Kappasinian hypnosis is based on the therapeutic style of Dr. Kappas and his unique use of dream therapy, handwriting analysis and more. This class focuses on the development of his approach to hypnosis and the importance of the first session. It is the goal of this class to underscore the Kappasinian model as presented in HMI s 101 course. Material will be provided in a fashion that will help the student to better understand the development of Kappasinian hypnosis by better understanding the personal and professional development of Dr. Kappas himself. In addition to the development of Dr. Kappas, this class reviews the elements and mechanics of the Kappasinian model, as well as the importance and flow of the first session. DEVELOPMENT OF THE KAPPASINIAN MODEL Dr. Kappas was the eldest son in a Greek immigrant community based in Chicago. Such communities operate very much as a closed system, requiring heads of families (and eldest sons particularly) to play certain roles of leadership, both in terms of siblings and other community members. Those who were already successful within the community were expected to help the people who had newly immigrated in areas of work and housing and finding marriage partners. Should the relationship flounder, those involved in putting the couple together would assist in resolving problems. John Kappas followed in this way and as the eldest son of a successful family people looked to him for advice. Unlike conventional therapy, he would provide the people with insight and solutions regarding their behavioral problems, based on the way his family had resolved such matters all along. Having developed an interest in hypnosis as a child, he used this tool to assist in changing people s behavior. Further experience as a stage hypnotist gave him insight about preparing a subject to experience maximum hypnotic depth and also believe that hypnosis would work for them. Kappas combined information from stage hypnotism, psychologists and doctors to form the basis of his hypnotic model. He did this because he wanted to emphasize a therapeutic setting rather than an entertainment setting, yet he needed aspects of his work as a stage hypnotist for the therapy to be effective. In this setting, the waiting room and the paperwork

40 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 became the same expectation-producing mechanisms as the smoke and mirrors of stage hypnotism. Stage hypnosis works on the basis of the hypnotist having the one-upsmanship and power, never allowing the subject to tell the hypnotist/therapist what to do. Contrary to contemporary Humanistic methods of that time (1960 s), Kappas wanted to capitalize on the subject s initial anxiety about therapy and hypnotic procedure instead of attempting to immediately reduce their fears, thereby maximizing the potential for their hypnotic suggestibility in terms of the flight/fight response. This is the key to the Kappasinian model. FIRST SESSION In the Kappasinian model the first session is the most important because it provides the hypnotherapists with the opportunity to lay the hypnotic groundwork for therapy. The first session is a unique opportunity because everything is an unknown for the client. The office, the interview, and the expectations of hypnosis and therapy are all unknowns in the first session. This environment bombards the client with message units that will not be present in subsequent sessions. It is the goal of the hypnotherapist to capitalize on all of these unknowns and use them to maximize the presence of message units through the prescribed procedures of the Kappasinian model. This creates the largest mental overload possible. The purpose for creating this overload condition in the client is to then be able to trigger an escape from this overload condition (i.e., hypnosis = an escape from an overload of message units). This escape creates an association to the hypnotic state and the post-hypnotic suggestion for rehypnosis in the client s mind. The larger the message unit overload we are able to create in the subject the more dramatic (i.e., hypnotic depth) the escape mechanism will be. It is through this process that the hypnotherapist establishes both depth in hypnosis and the client s potential for therapeutic resolution. In the Kappasinian model depth = relative change. That is, the bigger the difference between the client s peak overload and the escape from that overload, the more the client will experience that difference as depth and associate that depth to the hypnotic state and the post-hypnotic suggestion for re-hypnosis. Another key factor in the Kapppasinian model is the arm raising induction. When the hypnotist is successful in causing the client s arm to lift and rise and become stuck to their head (i.e... The challenge ) then it strongly

41 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 implants a belief in the client that hypnosis works. If the arm raising suggestions work, then the inference is that all the other suggestions will work as well. For Dr. Kappas this is one of the key points and goals of the first session. THEORY OF THE MIND The Theory of Mind is an important element of the Kappasinian model. In 101 this element was presented to assist the student in understanding how hypnosis works. The student learned how Theory of Mind was a tool for creating a message unit overload in the client, an important part of the induction process. The Theory of Mind also provides the client with a paradigm of why and how hypnotherapy is going to work. Theory of Mind provides the hypnotherapist with the opportunity to illustrate to the client (almost regardless of what the problem is) how their problem started, why it started and why everything they have tried on their own to fix the problem has failed. This paradigm is an important ingredient for satisfying the client s critical area of mind and providing access to the client s belief systems and subconscious responses. The client needs to understand that their ability to solve their own problems is represented by only 12% of their mental ability; the conscious portion of their mind. When the hypnotherapist provides access to the other 88% of mental ability (their subconscious belief systems and behaviors) the opportunity for success in therapy is shown to be considerably greater. It is important that you become very familiar with the process of using Theory of Mind in the first session, and often subsequent sessions as well, to help the client understand how and why hypnotherapy works. You will develop this familiarity by practicing the presentation of Theory of Mind in workshops as a regular introduction to hypnosis and the induction process. SUGGESTIBILITY TESTING The suggestibility test satisfies three purposes. 1. Provides the hypnotherapist with information about the way in which the client understands language. The hypnotherapist then understands how to organize his or her language to maximize the results of the hypnotic induction and therapeutic suggestions.

42 Kappasinian Hypnosis Further maximizes the overload condition of the client, i.e., more message units. 3. Transitions the client into the arm raising or other formal hypnotic induction process. The suggestibility test provides the hypnotherapist with the opportunity to begin the hypnotic induction without the client knowing the induction process is beginning, thus circumventing any resistance from client. The Kappasinian hypnotherapist would never state I m going to hypnotize you now. Instead it would be stated we re going to test your suggestibility now and then will we will convert into the hypnotic state. ARM RAISING INDUCTION The Arm Raising Induction is the most important element in the Kappasinian model, because it will create the association of hypnotic depth and at the same time it will establish the expectation of a successful therapy. The Arm Raising Induction should be used as the primary induction in the first session only. Once the hypnotherapist uses the arm raising induction to establish depth, they can then associate that depth to the post-hypnotic suggestion for re-hypnosis during subsequent sessions. During the following sessions, the hypnotherapist will use the progressive relaxation and the posthypnotic suggestion for re-hypnosis to trigger those associations with depth established in the first session. The Arm Raising Induction is essential for establishing the expectations of therapy and hypnosis. The inference that hypnotherapy provides the client with is that if hypnosis can make your arm come up all by itself and stick to your head beyond your control, then it can help you achieve your personal goals as well. It is important in establishing the client s expectations for hypnosis and therapy that the hypnotherapist make the client feel something. The arm raising induction provides a dramatic example to the client that hypnosis is powerful and that the suggestions do and will work. Once that arm comes up and a successful challenge is issued, no one can convince the subject that hypnosis does not work. THE 401 SERIES The 401 series is the longest and most challenging part of HMI s resident training program. It is also provides one of the most important lessons in the

43 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 training. An HMI graduate s success in private practice is often related to their dedication to completing and absorbing the information and approach to therapy presented repeatedly throughout the 401 series. The 401 series is your opportunity to allow the words, tone, inflection and general attitude and approach of Dr. Kappas to sink into your subconscious mind and become integrated into your approach to hypnosis and therapy. The following is a transcript from the video clip shown in class. Use this transcript as a practice tool in workshop. Practice this scrip until the words flow and become a natural part of your presentation. Your goal is to become so familiar with this process that you can stop thinking about what you are going to say and instead start listening and focusing on your observation of the client and the timing of the induction process. TRANSCRIPT OF LIFE THERAPY Now what we have to do is change this 6 to match a 9 or a 10. See we re going to do it by changing your unconscious script. Okay? There s going to be some work involved on your part, but today we re going to lay the foundation of this problem. Do you understand that? So we ll go from there. The first thing we ll do is I ll test your suggestibility, convert to hypnosis, put you in that chair over there and start some programming. All right? Okay. Now, this is one test you can t fail Mike so you re going to just let me perform the test, find the problem and find your suggestibility. Okay? All right. So just look this way now, all right. From this moment forward, do not talk to me at all. I m not mad at you (smile), just don t talk to me. Shake your head (shaking yes) yes or nod your head (nod head) no, but don t verbalize. Do you understand that? Okay. Now what I want you to do is, with the chair just the way it is, I want you to move it back just about two inches. Okay. Now I want you to move your left hand forward a little bit. You have your right hand on your right leg and you re looking this way, okay? Now you re going to shake your head yes or no on the questions I ask. Okay? All right. If you don t know the answer you re going to keep staring, right? Okay.

44 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 In the last twenty-four hours have you taken any medicine or drugs into your system? Okay Mike, as a youngster did you ever walk or talk in your sleep? Have you ever woken up in the middle of the night from a dream and felt you could not move your body or talk? Do you have any fears of loss of control? Do you fear deep water? Closed in rooms? Do loud noises or sounds normally bother you? If two people are arguing very loudly does that bother you? When you re through having a conversation or an argument with someone close to you, do you have a tendency to go over what was said and think that you should have said something different? Do you have a tendency to hold onto a grudge? Is it difficult for you to express what you feel emotionally? Have you ever hallucinated, seen objects or images that were not there? When your eyes are closed, can you visualize, create an image? Look down at your left hand, close your eyes, and visualize or imagine your left hand. Shake your head yes when you have an image of it. Now you just concentrate on it and you will begin to feel a series of physiological changes take place. I want you to shake your head when you begin to feel them. And the first thing is you ll begin to feel your breathing grow deeper (pauses) Then you ll begin to feel the pressure of your left elbow pushing down (pauses) You ll feel the lightness in your hand, from your fingertips back towards your elbow. And in a few moments your

45 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 hand is going to start lifting and rising and as it starts to go up, the instant you feel these jerking motions, you re going to shake your head yes. The hand, the arm will start to move up with every breath you take in - just lifting, rising, pulling up higher, higher, lighter and lighter, as light as a feather. And with every breath now the hand, the arm continually goes up. Now, as the hand begins to leave the table and you feel these jerking, lifting, rising motions, just shake your head yes. Now the hand and the arm continually begin to move up higher and higher, lighter, lighter, very light, as light as a feather. Every breath lifting, rising and jerking. The hand, the arm going up higher, higher, lighter and lighter, very, very, very light, just pulling up. With every breath now, going up higher and higher until the hand completely leaves the table. Now, as the hand begins to leave the table it s going to start moving towards your face. This lifting, rising, jerking motion continues and the hand, the arm keeps going up higher and higher, lighter as light as a feather, and it keeps moving up. Lifting and rising, pulling up higher, higher, lighter and lighter, as light as a feather. Now, I want you to open your eyes. I want you to take your hand and I want you to do this (bends hand for client), bend it some more, just like this. Okay. Now, I want you to just stare at your fingers, close your eyes and your hand is going to start moving up now. As it starts moving up, it s going to move towards your face. And with the lifting, rising, jerking motion the hand, the arm is going to start moving upward towards your face. And it s going to continue towards your face until you feel skin contact. At that moment you will reach the peak of your suggestibility and we will convert, at that time, to the hypnotic sleep more deeply. Now as the hand continually goes up, you re going to feel a twisting, turning motion at the wrist and the palm will have a tendency to turn inward. You shake your head yes when you feel that. And the hand, the arm continually begins to pull upwards and inward towards your face. And right about now the twisting, turning motion begins as the hand, begins to move towards the

46 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 face. Now then the arm gets very, very tight you ll feel your head being drawn to your hand, and your head will start dropping in little jerking motions. It will start moving down and down, pulling down and you ll begin to feel this in just a few seconds. The head keeps pulling down until you ll feel little shaking motions in the hand because of the tightness. And the head drops and drops and drops until you feel it touch and at that moment, exactly at that moment, you ll enter the hypnotic state deeper, (touches head). The eyelids are tightening very tight, so tight that you cannot open them. In fact the more you try, the tighter they become. And the hand grows tighter and tighter now so tight that you cannot put it down and the more your try the tighter it becomes. Now each time I suggest deep sleep you re going to sleep quickly, soundly, and deeply and the physical body will relax. Now, Mike, I m going to ask you to open your eyes and at that moment I want you to look at me. Now you may have some difficulty opening the eyelids, but keep trying. Now, (pauses) Okay, they can open. Look directly at me (looks into eyes of client). Uh huh (writes down some notes). Okay, now, I want you to move over to the recliner and push all the way back. Okay? Okay. I want you to concentrate on what I m saying. Just ignore the sounds around you and draw into me. Do you understand? Okay. Now, I want you to close your eyes. Now we re going to start going deeper. With every breath, we start going down into a deep, deep hypnotic sleep. I m going to take you down to a position that is very safe in your mind. You ll keep going deeper until I feel you ve reached the most receptive stage in which to work on the condition we ve discussed. Okay. Now let your concentration move from your toes, into your heels, into your ankles and then to the calves of your legs; and from your toes to your knees feel the relaxation. Now feel the relaxation moving up through your thighs, your hips and in through the stomach muscles. Now the relaxation will move up into the solar plexus, across the chest area, in through your shoulders and moving down through your arms, your hands and fingers. And the neck muscles are relaxing. The relaxation moves up through the scalp across the forehead and down over

47 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 the eyelids; the facial muscles and jaw muscles and the physical body relaxing deeply and completely with every breath. Now, as I count from five backwards to zero, each count prepares you to enter the hypnotic sleep more deeply at zero. And now five, four, three, two, one, zero and let s go deeper now. Now as we go deeper, Mike, your head s going to turn to the right in little jerking motions and it s going to keep turning until I ask you to hold it there. And it starts to turn now and we start going deeper and deeper, deeper and deeper and deeper. Okay, and let s hold it right here Mike. Hold it right here, okay? Now, as we go deeper again and deeper and deeper and deeper and hold it there. Now, lets go deeper again and deeper and deeper and deeper, going down now and down and down, still deeper. Let s hold it here now. Just concentrate on what I m saying. Each time I suggest sleep you re going to sleep quickly, soundly and deeply and the physical body will relax. Now, Mike, in a few moments I m going to take you still a little deeper. I m going to let you get used to the state. The deeper we go the more comfortable it becomes, the more receptive your mind becomes to thought and ideas that become beneficial to your well-being. So you re going to start concentrating now on every word I say. Now in a few moments you ll begin to feel the index finger of your left hand, the finger next to your thumb, beginning to lift. (Waits for the finger to lift) Okay. Now we re opening up to your emotions, to your thoughts, to your feelings. And the thought that s going to start penetrating the mind is that anything you set in your mind to accomplish is possible. Now the finger will keep lifting and lifting. I m going to pick up your right arm while that finger is still lifting, and I m going to draw all the tensions out the body and put them into this arm. (Pick up the right arm and hold it underneath by the elbow) When I count from five to zero this arm is going to become just like a steel bar. Now five, four, three, two, one, zero it s like a steel bar now you cannot bend it and the more you try, the stiffer it becomes. You cannot bend it. When I release it, your head s going to turn to the right and you re going to go even deeper now. Now let go.

48 Kappasinian Hypnosis 2.5 The index finger will go down and your mind is receptive now to thoughts, ideas and directions. Still going deeper and deeper. Okay, now, I want you to concentrate on what I m saying. I m going to give you a suggestion that s going to penetrate the mind. As your mind conceives it, you ll begin to digest that suggestion. You ll simulate it and then you ll feel the body needing much more oxygen and your breathing will grow deeper for a few moments. Then I m going to change your unconscious script to a ten.

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