Used to pick up or hold hot objects Protects the eyes from flying objects or chemical splashes

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1 Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block Do Now: Name that equipment! Label the piece of equipment appropriately. Not all names will be used. Object Name Used For Used to pick up or hold hot objects Protects the eyes from flying objects or chemical splashes A wide-mouthed container used to transport, heat or store substances Used to make solutions and has a definite volume A device to measure the mass or mass out and object or substance. Used to dispense a very small amount of a liquid Prevents splashing when heating up liquids in a container Attaches to a lab stand and used to hold a variety of lab equipment Used to measure volume very precisely Used to hold a variety of lab equipment, but the main purpose to provide supports Used to pour liquids into containers with small openings or to hold filter paper Used to heat objects A narrow-mouthed container used to transport, heat or store substances, often used when a stopper is required

2 Word Bank: Bunsen burner Hot Plate Buret Buret Clamp Test tube Test tube holder Test tube rack Balance Ring Stand Iron Ring Wire Gauze Crucible & Cover Evaporating Dish Watch Glass Clay triangle Graduated cylinder Mortar and pestle Erlenmeyer flask Pipet Beaker Tongs Goggles Volumetric Flask Funnel Medicine Dropper

3 What is Science? Science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge. This system uses observation and experimentation to describe and explain natural phenomena. Scientific Theory vs. Law: Theory a relationship observed in nature; tries to explain the why and how Law a relationship that seems to be always true, usually has a if new information/ data contradicts current theory Both are supported by LOTS of evidence, can be used to predict outcomes, and are widely accepted by the vast majority of scientists **A theory!** Scientific Method What is the scientific method? It is a that is used to find to questions about the world around us. Note that there is What is a hypothesis? It is an based on observations and your knowledge of the topic. What is data? It is gathered during an experiment. Variables in Scientific Experimentation Independent Variable=the variable that (the scientist) When graphing, this appears on the Dependent Variable=the variable that due to the It is what. When graphing, this appears on the Constants=variables that are Control Group= Patterns in Data: When appropriate, data can be plotted as a scatterplot and a trend (pattern or relationship) may be observed between the two variables Direct Relationship= as one variable, Inverse Relationship= as one variable, the other variable the other variable

4 Scientific Method

5 Scientific Method and Experimental Design Practice: Patty Power: Mr. Krabs wants to make Bikini Bottoms a nicer place to live. He has created a new sauce that he thinks will reduce the production of body gas associated with eating crabby patties from the Krusty Krab. He recruits 100 customers with a history of gas problems. He has 50 of them (Group A) eat 2 crabby patties with 3 squirts of the new sauce on each patty. The other 50 (Group B) eat 2 crabby patties with 3 squirts of sauce on each patty that looks just like new sauce but is really just a mixture of mayonnaise and food coloring. Both groups were told that they were getting the sauce that would reduce gas production. Two hours after eating the crabby patties, 30 customers in group A reported having fewer gas problems and 8 customers in group B reported having fewer gas problems. 1. What was Mr. Krabs hypothesis? 2. What is the independent variable? 3. What is the dependent variable? 4. Which people are in the control group? 5. Were there any variables that were held constant for both groups? 6. What should Mr. Krabs conclusion be? 7. Why do you think 8 people in group B reported feeling better?

6 Microwave Miracle: Patrick believes that fish that eat food exposed to microwaves will become smarter and would be able to swim through a maze faster. He decides to perform an experiment by placing fish food in a microwave for 20 seconds. He has the fish swim through a maze and records the time it takes for each one to make it to the end. He feeds the special food to 10 fish and gives regular food to 10 others. He tries to make sure the fish eat the same amount of food no matter which kind of food they re being fed. After 1 week, he has the fish swim through the maze again and records the times for each. 1. What was Patrick s hypothesis? 2. What is the independent variable? 3. What is the dependent variable? 4. Which fish are in the control group? 5. Were there any constants for this experiment? 6. Look at the results in the charts. What should Patrick s conclusion be?