10/6/14. Writing Assignment 1. Writing Assignment 1. How to test hypotheses in behavioral ecology. Niko Tinbergen s Four Questions
|
|
- Scott Pope
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Writing Assignment 1 Writing Assignment #1 Due Wednesday October 15th at the beginning of lecture To read: A Tephritid Fly Mimics the Territorial Displays of its Jumping Spider Predators Erick Greene; Larry J. Orsak; Douglas W. Whitman Alternative Male Strategies: Genetic Differences in Crickets Author(s): William H. Cade Assignment can be found on the class website. Please note the clarifications about the graphs for the second paper. Course Website: Writing Assignment 1 Writing Assignment #1 Due Wednesday, October 15th at beginning of lecture To write: Discuss how behaviors can evolve via natural selection. Use the two papers as a focus for your discussion, but you can also draw upon examples from class. Be sure to answer all of the following questions in your paper. What three things are needed for a behavior to evolve via natural selection? How can researchers test for each of these three requirements? What were the predictions/hypotheses about the expected outcome of natural selection that were made in each of the two papers? What were the selective forces in nature or the lab? What kinds of controls did the researchers use in their experiments to determine if a behavior has evolved according to a particular hypothesis? Please write an essay about the topic. Do not simply answer the questions above, because the questions are meant to give you ideas about how to phrase your answer. Instead, imagine that you are a reporter, and you have to write a story about how natural selection can affect behavior. As part of your report, you have read the two assigned papers and are using them to describe the latest evidence. Niko Tinbergen s Four Questions (Mnemonic for Tinbergen s Questions) A Animal B Behavior C Causation (Proximate) D Development (Proximate) E Evolution (Ultimate) F Function (Ultimate) How to test hypotheses in behavioral ecology 1. Scientific method 2. Examples of how the founders of behavioral ecology tested hypotheses. 3. Other examples of tests in behavioral ecology Proximate Factors: What are the mechanisms involved? Genetics, Developmental biology, Neuroscience, Endocrinology, etc. Ultimate Questions: Why did the behavior evolve? Evolution and ecology 1
2 The Nature of Science The real scientific method The purpose of science is to learn about our universe. 2. Science relies on evidence from the natural world and the evidence is interpreted through logic. 3. Scientific claims are based on testing explanations against observations of the natural world and rejecting the ones that fail the test. Scientific claims are subject to peer review and replication. (Want theories that are useful and predictive.) 5. Theories are not absolutely proven. However, science corrects itself and theories become more reliable. The real scientific method Carl Sagan s tools for skeptical thinking Independent confirmation (replication) of the facts. 2. Test more than one hypothesis. 3. Try not to get attached to a hypothesis because it is yours. Quantify: Makes it is easier to discriminate among hypothesis. In a chain of argument, all links (including the premise) must work. Occam s Razor: When two hypotheses fit the data equally well, choose the simpler. Always ask if the hypothesis can be falsified Arguments from authority carry little weight. 2
3 10/6/14 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 Tinbergen and the Beewolf Nikolaas Tinbergen ( ) Formally developed Ethology Studied the survival value of behavior in black-headed gulls. Konrad Lorenz ( ) Studied imprinting (Geese) Studied social behaviors Wrote King Solomon s Ring Karl Von Frisch ( ) Decoded bee language Tinbergen and the Beewolf How do beewolves find their homes among so many nest in the dunes? Proximate question Hypothesis 1: The wasps actually took in the features of the burrow s surroundings while circling above. Tinbergen and the Beewolf Hypothesis 2: If a wasp used landmarks it should be possible to do more than merely disturb her by throwing her beacons all over the place; I ought to be able to mislead her, to make her go to the wrong place, by moving the whole constellation of her landmarks over a certain distance. Test 2a: Moved all landmarks one foot to the southeast. Test 1: Swept areas around the burrows clean of landmarks. Result 2a: The wasp female landed 1 ft to the southeast of her nest. Result 1: Wasps stopped 4 feet in air from nests as if confused. Repeated the approach again and again. Dropped prey and searched randomly on the ground. Test 2b: Moved landmarks back. Result 2b: Wasp came directly back to her nest. 3
4 10/6/14 Tinbergen and the Beewolf Tinbergen and the Black-Headed Gulls Hypothesis 3: Wasps could be trained to new landmarks. Test 3: Put rings of pinecones around nests. Two days later, moved the circle of pinecones. Result 3. Wasps landed within the circle of pinecones, rather than at their nests. Tinbergen and the Black-Headed Gulls Why do black-headed gulls remove broken eggshells from the nest after the chick hatch? Ultimate question Hypothesis: It evolved because gulls with the behavior gained reproductive success. Removing eggshells eliminates visual cues that could give the nest away to predators. Tinbergen and the Black-Headed Gulls Eggs taken by Distance from eggshell to egg (cm) crows Eggs not taken by crows Percentage Eaten Prediction: The presence of broken eggshells should help predators locate food. Test: Took intact gull eggs and placed them around the sand dunes. Placed broken egg shells at different distances away from the eggs. Result: Eggs closest to white eggshell bits were more likely to be eaten by crows. 4
5 Karl Von Frisch and the Bees Karl Von Frisch and the Bees Hypothesis: Bees can communicate information about distance. Distance to feeding place (m) Result: Longer distances correspond to longer waggle dances. Bee video Karl Von Frisch and the Bees Karl Von Frisch and the Bees Hypothesis: Bees can take in information about the direction of a food source. 5
6 10/6/14 Konrad Lorenz and Social Bonds in Birds Overview on how to test hypotheses Observations: observe behavioral interactions, observe genetic relatedness, observe the context of the behavior, etc. 2. Experiments: allow controlled manipulation of the factors involved in a behavior. Comparative Method: Observe the results of natural experiments conducted over evolutionary time Konrad Lorenz Hypothesis 1: Imprinting is the result of an instinct. That is, a genetically predetermined response that is "released" by a limited set of stimuli from the environment. Modeling: Clarify thought about how the world works, can allow testable predictions. Hypothesis 2: Imprinting occurs during a "critical period" = a limited time in an animal s early life. Overview on how to test hypotheses Comparative Method: Observe the results of natural experiments conducted over evolutionary time a. Example: Differences in social organization of weaver birds. 6
7 26 Comparisons among species of weaver birds Comparative Method: Observe the results of natural experiments conducted over evolutionary time a. Example: Differences in social organization of weaver birds. Comparisons among species of weaver birds John Crook s Hypotheses 1. Insect food in the forest is dispersed so birds feed solitarily and defend territories to monopolize scattered resources. Both parents need to provide parental care. 2. Seeds in the savannah are patchily distributed but locally very abundant. Groups can cover a wider area to search for food and food many not be limiting when a supply is found. Nests cannot be hidden in open areas so are put in protected areas like acacia trees, which may be limited in number. Large nests may also provide thermal insulation. Food is abundant so females can raise offspring alone. Males may therefore be able to spend time attracting other mates. From Krebs, Davies and West, Seeds in grasslands are patchy, so groups are favored. Nests are vulnerable in open areas, which favors spacing them out. 7
8 Overview on how to test hypotheses Observations: observe behavioral interactions, observe genetic relatedness, observe the context of the behavior, etc. 2. Experiments: allow controlled manipulation of the factors involved in a behavior. Comparative Method: Observe the results of natural experiments conducted over evolutionary time Modeling: Clarify thought about how the world works, can allow testable predictions. Goals for the class 1. Gain an understanding of the theories that have been used to understand behavior. 2. Learn examples of how those theories have been tested. It is important to know the evidence that shows that the theories are useful and predictive. 3. Understand ways in which hypotheses about behavior can be rigorously tested. 4. Learn that many alternative hypotheses may need to be tested because different mechanisms can lead to similar outcomes. 8
Writing Assignment 1
Writing Assignment 1 Writing Assignment #1 Due Wednesday October 15th at the beginning of lecture To read: A Tephritid Fly Mimics the Territorial Displays of its Jumping Spider Predators Erick Greene;
More informationAnimal Behavior. Types of Communication 4/22/2013
Animal Behavior A behavior is the nervous system s response to a stimulus and is carried out by the muscular or the hormonal system Behavior is subject to natural selection Behaviors have an impact on
More informationAnimal Behavior. Chapter 51. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 51 Animal Behavior PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Copyright
More informationIntroduction to Neuroscience: Behavioral Neuroscience Lecture 1: Introduction to Animal Behavior
Introduction to Neuroscience: Behavioral Neuroscience Lecture 1: Introduction to Animal Behavior Tali Kimchi Department of Neurobiology Tali.kimchi@weizmann.ac.il Jakob von Uexküll (1864-1944) Umwelt
More informationChapter 51 Behavioral Biology
Chapter 51 Behavioral Biology Essential Knowledge 2.C.2 Organisms respond to changes in their external environments 2.E.2 Timing and coordination of physiological events are regulated by multiple mechanisms
More informationAP Biology. What is behavior & Why study it? Animal Behavior. Ethology. What questions do we ask? Innate behavior. Types of behaviors
Animal Behavior What is behavior & Why study it? Behavior everything an animal does & how it does it response to stimuli in its environment innate = inherited or developmentally fixed learned = develop
More informationAP Biology. What is behavior? Behavioral Ecology. Why study behavior? What questions can we ask? Evolutionary perspective.
Behavioral Ecology What is behavior? Behavior everything an animal does & how it does it response to stimuli in its environment innate inherited, instinctive automatic & consistent learned ability to learn
More information3/30/17. Animal Behavior. What is behavior? Why study behavior?
Animal Behavior meerkat s What is behavior? Behavior everything an animal does & how it does it response to stimuli in its environment innate inherited, instinctive automatic & consistent learned ability
More informationIntroduction to Neuroscience: Behavioral Neuroscience
Introduction to Neuroscience: Behavioral Neuroscience Lecture 1: Introduction to Animal Behavior Tali Kimchi tali.kimchi@weizmann.ac.il * Presentation Materials for Personal Use ONLY Introduction Humans
More informationAnimal Behavior. AP Biology. meerkats
Animal Behavior meerkats What is behavior? Behavior everything an animal does & how it does it response to stimuli in its environment innate inherited, instinctive automatic & consistent learned QuickTime
More informationBehavioural Ecology. This subdiscipline studies the behaviour of individuals in an ecological context.
Behavioural Ecology This subdiscipline studies the behaviour of individuals in an ecological context. In general, the behaviours studies are directed toward food, habitat, and mates. In all three, genetics
More informationAnimal Behavior. Thur March 24: Animal Behavior: outline. Questions: What, How, and Why. Behavior is shaped partly by inheritance
Thur March 24: Animal Behavior Animal Behavior: outline Animal Behavior Questions Behavior is partly shaped by Inheritance Behavior is partly shaped by Learning Hormones and Behavior The Genetics of Behavior
More informationTypes of behaviors that are elicited in response to simple stimuli
Lecture 19: Animal Behavior I. Background A. Animal behavior reflects and arises from biological properties 1. Exhibited behavior defends on the physiological systems and processes unique to a given organism
More informationEnSt/Bio 295 Exam II This test is worth 100 points; you have approximately 50 minutes. Allocate your time accordingly.
Name: 1 NAME: EnSt/Bio 295 Exam II This test is worth 100 points; you have approximately 50 minutes. Allocate your time accordingly. 1) Describe the following concepts in a few sentences (2 points each)
More informationLecture #4 Ethology, continued Konrad Lorenz jackdaws
9.20 M.I.T. 2013 Lecture #4 Ethology, continued Konrad Lorenz jackdaws 1 Konrad Lorenz Ethology: The Jackdaws of Altenberg, Austria Reading: King Solomon s Ring (1952), Chapter 11, The Perennial Retainers
More informationAP Biology. Behavioral Biology
AP Biology Behavioral Biology Day 1 Objectives Describe how organisms get innate behaviors Explain how learning occurs Explain how living organisms regulate behavior Analyze how environmental factors can
More informationNatural Selection Activities. Life Cycle of the Peppered Moth: Navigate through this section to answer the following questions.
Natural Selection Activities Biology Name Date Block Directions: Go to peppermoths.weebly.com. Open the simulation and play the role of the bird in both the dark and the light forest. Try to behave as
More informationHow will we approach the study of animal behavior in this course? 1. Text, Lectures, Videos 2. Field Project
animal behavior How will we approach the study of animal behavior in this course? 1. Text, Lectures, Videos 2. Field Project The text: Dugatkin, 3 rd edition Lectures Mostly we will follow the text. A
More informationPSY 2364 Animal Communication. Tinbergen s four questions. Niko Tinbergen ( ) Niko Tinbergen ( ) Niko Tinbergen ( )
PSY 2364 Animal Communication The curious naturalist noninvasive field experiments Studies of herring gull behavior, spatial learning in insects Tinbergen s four questions 1) What is the mechanism? 2)
More informationFinding Mr. Right Featured scientist: Carrie Branch from University of Nevada Reno
Finding Mr. Right Featured scientist: Carrie Branch from University of Nevada Reno Research Background: Depending on where they live, animals can face a variety of challenges from the environment. For
More informationAIM #4: DEFINE SCIENCE AND EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
AIM #4: DEFINE SCIENCE AND EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Aim #4: Define science and explain the process of the scientific method Textbook Pages: 11-21 DO NOW: IN YOUR OWN WORDS, DEFINE OBSERVATION:
More informationAudio: In this lecture we are going to address psychology as a science. Slide #2
Psychology 312: Lecture 2 Psychology as a Science Slide #1 Psychology As A Science In this lecture we are going to address psychology as a science. Slide #2 Outline Psychology is an empirical science.
More informationUnderstanding Evolution (http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_25)
1 Understanding Evolution (http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_25) Natural selection Natural selection is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution, along with mutation, migration, and
More informationNatural Selection Simulation: Predation and Coloration
Name Period Date Natural Selection Simulation: Predation and Coloration This simulation was invented by G. Ledyard Stebbins, a pioneer in the evolution of plants. The purpose of the game is to illustrate
More informationErick Sepulveda. Genetic basis. Life experiences. Nature vs. Nuture (it s a tie!)
http://light.simanonok.com/euglenaphototaxis.jpg Erick Sepulveda A set of activities that orient an animal to its environment Most notable are observable reactions Internal responses also occur Taxes Simple
More informationBiology 352, Spring 2018 Exam Number KEY Second midterm exam Part 1 (short answer worth 21 % of grade)
Part 1 (short answer worth 21 % of grade) 1-1) Match the following terms used in behavioral ecology with the appropriate topics of behavioral study listed to the right (you may apply more than one topic
More informationThe behavioral ecology of animal reproduction
The behavioral ecology of animal reproduction I. Introduction to Behavioral Ecology Behavioral ecologists test hypotheses about the adaptive function of a behavior Behavioral Ecology Behavioral ecologists
More informationSY 2017/ nd Final Term Revision. Student s Name: Grade: 11A. Subject: Biology. Teacher Signature
SY 2017/2018 2 nd Final Term Revision Student s Name: Grade: 11A Subject: Biology Teacher Signature Grade 11 Biology A/B Revision Work Sheet Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or
More informationAssignment 4: Constructing an Ethogram and Hypotheses about Animal Behavior
Assignment 4: Constructing an Ethogram and Hypotheses about Animal Behavior The goal of this assignment is to have you apply your knowledge of behavioral ecology to behaviors that you personally observe.
More informationAnimal Behavior 2/21/2017. What is Behavior? Understanding Behavior. Types of Behavior. Types of Behavior
What is Behavior? Behavior everything an animal does & how it does it response to stimuli in its environment Animal Behavior Why Study Behavior? Evolutionary perspective part of phenotype acted upon by
More informationName: Class: Date: 2. A good experiment has several characteristics. Which characteristic is part of a good scientific experiment?
Name: Class: Date: Scientific Investigation Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Scientists do many types of work. Their work often includes
More informationBi412/512 Animal Behavior, Exam 1 Practice Page 1
Bi412/512 Animal Behavior, Exam 1 Practice Page 1 1. Suppose you observe that song sparrows sing more at dawn than at other times of the day. Hmm, maybe singing early in the morning communicates to female
More informationBIOLOGY 161 EXAM 1, 05 & 07 October 2009
page 1 PART 1: #1. Consider the Big Picture slide of the hierarchical nature of ecology below: 1 2 3 4 Please write the numbers on the lines below corresponding to the appropriate label for each level
More informationAnimal Behavior. Chapter 51. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 51 Animal Behavior PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Overview:
More informationBIOLOGY 1408 What is Biology?
BIOLOGY 1408 Lecture 2 Chris Doumen, Ph.D. Collin College, 2014 What is Biology? The scientific study of life Contains two important elements Scientific study Life 1 The Process Of Science The word science
More information8. 4 types of communication signals: visual, sound, chemical, electrical
Honors Biology Unit 5 Chapter 35 BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATIONS TO THE ENVIRONMENT 1. stimulus vs. response 2. nature vs. nurture 3. fixed action pattern, innate behaviors 4. imprinting vs. learning 5. types of
More informationBehavior. What causes behavior? Chapter 35: Behavioral Adaptations. Honors Biology Wide range of activities
Chapter 35: Behavioral Adaptations Honors Biology 2013 1 Behavior Wide range of activities Both observable actions and chemical communication Response to internal and external environmental stimuli (environmental
More informationChapter 51. Behavioral Ecology. PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition. Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 51 Behavioral Ecology PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Overview: Studying Behavior Humans have probably studied animal behavior for as long as we have
More informationA tail of two scorpions Featured scientists: Ashlee Rowe and Matt Rowe from University of Oklahoma
A tail of two scorpions Featured scientists: Ashlee Rowe and Matt Rowe from University of Oklahoma Animals have evolved many ways to defend themselves against predators. Many species use camouflage to
More informationEvolution of Mating Systems. Chapter 8
Evolution of Mating Systems Chapter 8 Mating Systems-Chapter 8 1 Monogamy 2 Polyandry 3 Polygyny And the many combinations within! Why should a male be monogamous? 1 extension of guarding, little chance
More informationCooperation and conflict: How insects interact with each other and their environment
Cooperation and conflict: How insects interact with each other and their environment Overview Five examples of cooperation and conflict in insects (and its consequences) Cooperation requires communication:
More informationStudy Guide A. Answer Key. Animal Behavior
Animal Behavior Answer Key SECTION 1. ADAPTIVE VALUE OF BEHAVIOR 1. stimulus; behavior 2. Internal; body 3. External; surroundings 4. b, c, a 5. constant; stimuli 6. increase; particular 7. internal; external
More informationLectures 7 & 8 Wednesday, October 12, 2011 & Friday, October 14, 2011
Lectures 7 & 8 Wednesday, October 12, 2011 & Friday, October 14, 2011 Recombination Diploid organisms: The first step in sexual reproduction is the production of gametes, each of which has half the chromosomes
More informationHow the cricket lost its song, Part II Featured scientist: Robin Tinghitella from the University of Denver
Name How the cricket lost its song, Part II Featured scientist: Robin Tinghitella from the University of Denver In Part 1 you determined that the Kauai flatwing mutation led to a decrease in parasitism
More informationBiology 441/541 - Animal Behavior page 1 Chapter 3: The development of behavior -- the role of genes
Biology 441/541 - Animal Behavior page 1 In this chapter, we ll look at some of the techniques by which the role of genes in the development of behavior can be investigated. By doing so, we ll also see
More informationInnate behavior & Learning
& & has a fixed, genetic component. Despite differing environments, the behavior develops in all individuals. Learned behavior is acquired and modified over development. s can be triggered or enhanced
More informationSAMPLE. Attachment. Evaluating Bowlby s Theory.
Attachment Evaluating Bowlby s Theory tutor2u Full Lesson PowerPoint This tutor2u Full Lesson PowerPoint is copyrighted and may not be reproduced or shared without permission from the author. All images
More informationLab 2: The Scientific Method. Summary
Lab 2: The Scientific Method Summary Today we will venture outside to the University pond to develop your ability to apply the scientific method to the study of animal behavior. It s not the African savannah,
More informationSensory Worlds: The neural basis of animal behaviour. Dr. Katie Lucas Learning in Retirement Winter 2018
Sensory Worlds: The neural basis of animal behaviour Dr. Katie Lucas Learning in Retirement Winter 2018 The Field of Neuroethology The neural basis of natural adaptive behaviour Environmental Signal Stimulus
More informationLecture 01 Analysis of Animal Populations: Theory and Scientific Process
1 of 1 Lecture 01 Analysis of Animal Populations: Theory and Scientific Process Motivation 1. Review the basic theory of animal population dynamics 2. Lay the foundation for the analysis of animal populations
More informationExercise 13: Behavior of the House Cricket (Acheta domesticus)
Exercise 13: Behavior of the House Cricket (Acheta domesticus) 1 Animal Behavior Why do praying mantises display a unique mating system, called sexual cannibalism, where a member of a male-female pair
More informationChapter 51: Animal Behavior
Chapter 51: Animal Behavior AP Biology Lindemulder 2013 1 Behavior Behavior - the nervous system s response to a stimulus and is carried out by the muscular system or the hormonal system Behavior is subject
More information1. (6 pts) a. Can all characteristics of organisms be explained by natural selection? Explain your answer in a sentence (3 pts)
Zoology 357 - Evolutionary Ecology - First Exam 1. (6 pts) a. Can all characteristics of organisms be explained by natural selection? Explain your answer in a sentence (3 pts) b. Name two non-selectionist
More informationIntroduction to Research Methods
Introduction to Research Methods Updated August 08, 2016 1 The Three Types of Psychology Research Psychology research can usually be classified as one of three major types: 1. Causal Research When most
More informationCognitive domain: Comprehension Answer location: Elements of Empiricism Question type: MC
Chapter 2 1. Knowledge that is evaluative, value laden, and concerned with prescribing what ought to be is known as knowledge. *a. Normative b. Nonnormative c. Probabilistic d. Nonprobabilistic. 2. Most
More informationPaper Airplanes & Scientific Methods
Paper Airplanes & Scientific Methods Scientific Inquiry refers to the many different ways in which scientists investigate the world. Scientific investigations are one to answer questions and solve problems.
More informationI. Ethology of Insects II. Patterns of Behavior III. Modifications IV. Operation V. Genetic Basis VI. Life History
Insect Behavior I. Ethology of Insects II. Patterns of Behavior III. Modifications IV. Operation V. Genetic Basis VI. Life History I. Ethology of Insects Ethology is the comparative study of behavior We
More informationBiology 321 Lab 1 Measuring behaviour Sept , 2011
1 Goals To introduce the act of observing To examine the types of information collected when observation is unplanned and unstructured To discuss the biases each researcher brings to an observational study
More informationAgonistic Behavior in Betta splendens: Developing an Experimental Protocol by Dana Krempels and Adrienne DuBois
Agonistic Behavior in Betta splendens: Developing an Experimental Protocol by Dana Krempels and Adrienne DuBois You and your teammates should now be familiar with the natural history and basic behaviors
More informationARE YOU SMARTER THAN AN ORANGUTAN? Take the Quiz...
ARE YOU SMARTER THAN AN ORANGUTAN? Take the Quiz... BRACHIATION describes the way orangutans... Nope. Yes! Brachiation means that orangutans swing from tree limb to tree limb using only their arms Try
More informationTHE SCIENTIFIC WORLD VIEW
THE SCIENTIFIC WORLD VIEW 1. The Universe Is Understandable. 2. The Universe Is a Vast Single System In Which the Basic Rules Are Everywhere the Same. 3. Scientific Ideas Are Subject To Change. 4. Scientific
More informationThe How and Why of Animal Activity
The How and Why of Animal Activity Fiddler crabs feed with their small claw and wave their large claw Why do male fiddler crabs engage in claw waving behavior? Claw waving is used to repel other males
More informationThe role of cuticular hydrocarbons in male attraction and repulsion by female Dawson s burrowing bee, Amegilla dawsoni
The role of cuticular hydrocarbons in male attraction and repulsion by female Dawson s burrowing bee, Amegilla dawsoni Emily Traughber, Keegan Romig, and Sai Movva Overview - What is CHC? CHC (cuticular
More information2014 National Curriculum Science Band 1
2014 National Curriculum Science Band 1 ask simple questions and recognise that they can be answered in different ways (Year 1 variety of common animals including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and
More informationAnimal Behavior. How can we explain behavior? Behavior. Innate or instinctive behavior. Instinctive behavior. Instinctive behavior 11/26/2017
Animal Behavior Chapter 51 How can we explain behavior? How it works physiologically Proximate answer The adaptive value of the behavior Ultimate answer So, behavioral scientists study what behavior an
More informationTowering Traits: An Adaptations Inquiry (6-12)
: An Adaptations Inquiry (6-12) At a glance Students investigate the question of how elephants use their trunks most often through observation at the Zoo. Time requirement Two classroom sessions of 45
More informationUNIT. Experiments and the Common Cold. Biology. Unit Description. Unit Requirements
UNIT Biology Experiments and the Common Cold Unit Description Content: This course is designed to familiarize the student with concepts in biology and biological research. Skills: Main Ideas and Supporting
More informationDo you see what I see?
Do you see what I see? Light, sight, and natural selection Lesson 6: Why do guppies have a favorite color? I. Overview In this lesson, students examine how natural and sexual selection can help explain
More informationTask of a Trunk: An Adaptations Inquiry (Advanced 6-12)
Task of a Trunk: An Adaptations Inquiry (Advanced 6-12) At a glance Students investigate the question of how elephants use their trunks most often through observation at the Zoo. Time requirement 2 classroom
More informationAdaptation vs Exaptation. Examples of Exaptation. Behavior of the Day! Historical Hypotheses
Adaptation vs Exaptation 1. Definition 1: Adaptation = A trait, or integrated suite of traits, that increases the fitness (reproductive success) of its possessor. 2. However, traits can have current utility
More informationIntroduction to Research Methods
Introduction to Research Methods 8-10% of the AP Exam Psychology is an empirical discipline. Psychologists develop knowledge by doing research. Research provides guidance for psychologists who develop
More informationName Date Class. As you read Chapter 13, which begins on page 302 of your textbook, answer the following questions.
CHAPTER 13 DIRECTED READING WORKSHEET Animals and Behavior As you read Chapter 13, which begins on page 302 of your textbook, answer the following questions. This Really Happened... (p. 302) 1a. What did
More informationConduct an Experiment to Investigate a Situation
Level 3 AS91583 4 Credits Internal Conduct an Experiment to Investigate a Situation Written by J Wills MathsNZ jwills@mathsnz.com Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with Excellence Conduct
More informationSexual selection and the evolution of sex differences
Sexual selection and the evolution of sex differences Males and females have the same genes. Why do the sexes often look and act so differently? Why is the male often insanely ornamented? (Or simply insane?)
More informationWhat is Science 2009 What is science?
What is science? The question we want to address is seemingly simple, but turns out to be quite difficult to answer: what is science? It is reasonable to ask such a question since this is a book/course
More informationLecture K3- Behavioral Ecology Dr. Kopeny
4/17 Included on Test #4! Lecture K3- Behavioral Ecology Dr. Kopeny Mates, Families and Societies Male Prairie Chickens on Lek (Booming Ground) displaying male Prairie Chicken two male Prairie Chickens
More informationScientific Method Stations
Stations Mandatory Things You will need: Station instructions and questions. (Attached) Student Response Sheet (Print one from the blog if you were absent or misplaced your copy) Instructions: Follow the
More informationTime allowed: 2 hours Answer ALL questions in Section A, ALL PARTS of the question in Section B and ONE question from Section C.
UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA School of Biological Sciences Main Series UG Examination 2014-2015 BEHAVIOURAL ECOLOGY BIO-5010B Time allowed: 2 hours Answer ALL questions in Section A, ALL PARTS of the question
More information4. Compare and contrast and give specific examples of kinesis and taxis. 5. What is the relationship between migration and genetic control?
AP Biology Chapter 51 Guided Reading Name 1. How do behavioral ecologists define behavior? 2. What is the focus of: a. Proximate questions of behavior? b. Ultimate questions of behavior? 3. Define the
More informationBIOLOGY. Animal Behavior CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 51 Animal Behavior Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick The How and Why of Animal Activity Fiddler
More informationHow to Escape a Predator Featured scientists: Amy Worthington and John Swallow from Washington State University and University of Colorado, Denver
How to Escape a Predator Featured scientists: Amy Worthington and John Swallow from Washington State University and University of Colorado, Denver Research Background: Stalk-eyed flies are insects that
More informationLIFE CYCLES. The Plant Life Cycle
LIFE CYCLES A life cycle is the sequence of changes or development that an animal or plant goes through in its life. A life cycle describes the stages and processes that take place as a plant or animal
More informationWLF 315 Wildlife Ecology I Lab Fall 2012 Sampling Methods for the Study of Animal Behavioral Ecology
WLF 315 Wildlife Ecology I Lab Fall 2012 Sampling Methods for the Study of Animal Behavioral Ecology Lab objectives: 1. Introduce field methods for sampling animal behavior. 2. Gain an understanding of
More informationLECTURE PRESENTATIONS
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 51 Animal Behavior Lectures by
More informationVibration volleys. Standard repeating unit. crossed with. Chrysoperla johnsoni parent: Volley period RESULTS
Table 51 1 Regulatory Genes and Behavior A master regulatory gene can control many behaviors Example a single gene controls many behaviors of the male fruit fly courtship ritual Mul:ple independent genes
More informationINBREEDING IN SOCIAL ANIMAL SYSTEMS. Sam Straus Avilés Lab (Zoology) BIOL 509
INBREEDING IN SOCIAL ANIMAL SYSTEMS Sam Straus Avilés Lab (Zoology) BIOL 509 Overview Why might inbreeding be advantageous? Mathematical models Inbreeding causes and effects Examples of inbred social systems
More information(A) Drive (B) Innate behavior (C) Learning, based on experience (D) A & B (E) None of the above
CLEP Biology - Problem Drill 24: Behavior No. 1 of 10 1. Habituation is a type of. (A) Drive (B) Innate behavior (C) Learning, based on experience (D) A & B (E) None of the above Having a certain drive
More informationWe know that humans can learn
We know that humans can learn Learning in Animals Which animals are able to learn? (Hint: all animals have nervous systems) Reasonable guess: All animals can learn!! (Def.) Learning is a relatively long-lasting
More informationNeuroethology in Neuroscience or Why study an exotic animal
Neuroethology in Neuroscience or Why study an exotic animal Nobel prize in Physiology and Medicine 1973 Karl von Frisch Konrad Lorenz Nikolaas Tinbergen for their discoveries concerning "organization and
More informationSocial System of Superb Fairy Wrens. The following table shows the percentage of male fairy-wrens in various age and social status categories.
Social System of Superb Fairy Wrens Superb fairy-wrens are small (10g) insectivorous birds found in woodlands and edge habitat throughout eastern Australia. They live in cooperative social groups composed
More informationKin recognition plays multiple roles across the animal kingdom. From an
Sample paper critique #1 Kin recognition plays multiple roles across the animal kingdom. From an evolutionary point of view, one might expect kin recognition to be particularly important in the recognition
More informationBouncing Ball Lab. Name
Bouncing Ball Lab Name Scientists use an organized set of steps when they solve problems or perform investigations. This organized set of steps is called the Scientific Method. There are many versions
More informationI J. Please Attempt ALL of the Questions in This Section. #1. Objectives of All of Unit 3 - Ecological Systems of Life
BIOLOGY 161 EXAM 3 Monday, 20 December 2004 page 1 Please Attempt ALL of the Questions in This Section. Matching: Write the letter corresponding to the correct objective from the list at right for each
More informationWhat Is Behavior? Behavioral Biology: Ethology. Behavioral Ecology. Behavioral Biology: Experimental
What Is Behavior? Behavior: change in activity in response to stimuli Is what an animal does and how it does it Includes muscular and non-muscular activity Cognition: the ability of an animal s nervous
More informationWorksheet for Morgan/Carter Laboratory #1 Scientific Investigation
Worksheet for Morgan/Carter Laboratory #1 Scientific Investigation Ex. 1-1: QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESES Lab Study A: Asking Questions Indicate whether or not each question below can be answered scientifically
More informationScience skills progression KS2
The principal focus of science teaching in lower key stage 2 is to enable pupils to broaden their scientific view of the world around them. They should do this through exploring, talking about, testing
More informationScience in Natural Resource Management ESRM 304
Science in Natural Resource Management ESRM 304 Science in Natural Resource Management I. The scientific approach to knowledge II. III. Hypothesis testing and resource management Read This! Study Tips
More informationBallooning Spiders. Ages: 5 to 10. Contributor: Carolyn Klass, Dept. of Entomology, Cornell University. Main idea: How spiders disperse.
Ages: 5 to 10 Ballooning Spiders Contributor: Carolyn Klass, Dept. of Entomology, Cornell University Main idea: How spiders disperse. Objective: Take a look at spider, and learn about its airborne dispersal.
More informationBird Eggs Administration Procedures Based on PALS Assessment, contributed by New Standards (NS)
Bird Eggs Administration Procedures Based on PALS Assessment, contributed by New Standards (NS) Description: Students gather original data throughout two performance tasks. They analyze their results along
More information