Consider this program with three procedures:

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Olivia Hawkins
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1 Outline PA Page 1 Outlining Activation 9:43 AM Consider this program with three procedures:

2 Outline PA Page 2 PAC Here is the PAC for executing the previous program: #100 z 2 #200 y 7 x 19 #300 x 9 18 main #100 #400 x 6 12 ret #500 y 2 x 9 #600 x 4 8 ret 9 grampus stamble 7 #200 9 # #400 2 #500 4 # #700 #700 x 6 12 ret Console 19 9

3 Outline PA Page 3 Outlining PA 10: AM The rest of this lesson will explain a more compact way of paper checking the very same program. The call downs and return ups of the PAC will become the call indents and return outdents of an OUTLINE structure. The Local Contexts will be written directly in this OUTLINE instead of being in a separate column. The PAC line will become the outlines left margin line. The call commands will be written IN the outline - just above the indent that represents calling the callee.

4 Outline PA Page 4 Completed outline x = 19 out 19 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 ret x = out grampus(2) y = 2 stamble(4) x = 4 x = 8 ret 9 out 9 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 Ret x = out Console To the left is the completed Outline for executing the same program: The detailed construction of this outline is on the following pages. 19 9

5 Outline PA Page 5 main entry Entry to main procedure.

6 Outline PA Page 6 Init main's x Initialize the local variable z belonging to the main procedure's Local Context

7 Outline PA Page 7 Enter grampus Call and entry into procedure grampus Parameter VALUE is shown in parenthesies of call

8 Outline PA Page 8 Pass parameter Main's Local Context continues to exist but CANNOT be seen from inside the procedure grampus Initialize grampus parameter variable y with the value 7 passed from main.

9 Outline PA Page 9 Enter stamble Call and entry into procedure stamble Parameter VALUE is shown in parenthesies of call

10 Outline PA Page 10 Pass parameter Initialize stamble parameter variable x with the value 9 passed from grampus.

11 Outline PA Page 11 Update stamble's x Update local variable x in Local Context of stamble Hide previous value of x

12 Outline PA Page 12 Return from stamble Return from stamble back to grampus Destruction of Local Context belonging to stamble Function value returned from stamble - survives destruction of stamble Local Context

13 Outline PA Page Init grampus x x = 19 Initialization of grampus Local Context's working variable x - using value returned from call to the stamble function. Note that stamble had to be called BEFORE x could be initialized.

14 Outline PA Page 14 Output x = 19 out 19 Console 19

15 Outline PA Page 15 Re-enter stamble x = 19 out 19 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 Several Steps at Once: (1) Enter stamble passing parameter value 6 (2) initialize parameter variable x (3) update local variable x Console 19

16 Outline PA Page 16 More Steps x = 19 out 19 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 ret x = out updated below Console 19 Several steps at once: (1) return value from call to stamble (2) update grampus variable x (3) output

17 Outline PA Page 17 Return from grampus x = 19 out 19 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 ret x = out ALL GONE Console 19 Back in main procedure Just BEFORE next call to grampus.

18 Outline PA Page 18 Entry and init grampus x = 19 out 19 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 ret x = out grampus(2) y = 2 (1) Call grampus Passing value 2, Since main's variable z was 2. (2) Enter grampus (3) init parameter Console 19

19 Outline PA Page 19 Lots of steps x = 19 out 19 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 ret x = out grampus(2) y = 2 stamble(4) x = 4 x = 8 ret 9 out 9 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 Ret x = out Console 19 9 (1) call stamble with y+2 = 4 as param. value (2) stamble returns 9 (3) init grampus x from stamble's return value (4) output to console (5) call stamble again with 6 as param. value (6) stamble returns (7) update grampus's x from stamble's ret. value (8) output to console (9) grampus returns

20 Outline PA Page 20 Completed outline x = 19 out 19 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 ret x = out grampus(2) y = 2 stamble(4) x = 4 x = 8 ret 9 out 9 stamble(6) x = 6 x = 12 Ret x = out Console 19 9

Logic Model. When do you create a Logic Model? Create your LM at the beginning of an evaluation and review and update it periodically.

Logic Model. When do you create a Logic Model? Create your LM at the beginning of an evaluation and review and update it periodically. RRC Evaluation Tool Basket: Logic Model 1 Logic Model What is a Logic Model? A logic model is a series of if-then statements that outlines what you expect to happen in your program. For example, If these